Table of content

Gymnasium

ISSN/EISSN: 14530201
Subject: Sports Science
Publisher: Vasile Alecsandri University of Bacau
Country: Romania
Language: Romanian, English, French
Start year 2007
Publication fee: No --- Further Information

Journal homepage at publisher site


Table of content: 2011 volume:12 issue:1

Article
HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION: A NEW GLOBAL CONSENSUS WITH ROMANIA PERSPECTIVE

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Abstract

The epidemiology of obesity among children and young people has become a source of concern regarding the future adult generation and professionals in physical education, leisure activities and health play a key role in formulating strategies addressed this problem through a holistic thinking and a multidisciplinary approach.Within the reform of Romanian Higher Education System there are also aimed the standards and curriculum for undergraduate and graduate studies in Physical Education and Sport area, starting from the identification of professional and transversal necessary skills (Barbu et al. 2010).The complex challenges posed by the adaptation of Physical Education to the modern realities must be viewed from multiple perspectives, and especially, in line with global perspectives that reflects successful methods, strategies and procedures worldwide. Pedagogy of Physical Education Global Forum 2010 (GoFPEP 2010) was established and structured to explore ways of rethinking, reform and restore the health and physical education pedagogy and physical education teacher preparation.

Keywords

globalization


Article
Physical fitness and movement activities of Bratislava university students

Authors: Jaromir SEDLACEK --- Lubica PISTLOVA --- Branislav ANTALA
Pages: 16-22
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Abstract

In the contribution authors deal with 606 Bratislava university students, boys and girls from nine faculties. Their physical performance is evaluated by 6 tests: sit and reach, standing broad jump, over head 2 kg medicine ball throw, 10 x 5 m shuttle run and endurance shuttle run. Movement activities are evaluated from questionnaire. There is proved, that students from Faculty of Physical Education and Sport have significantly higher motor performance and they perform more movement activities like other students. It is shown, that those students who participated in optional PE lessons have higher motor performance. Those who practice movement activities in paid forms and in sport clubs have significantly higher motor performance, too.


Article
A comparative study regarding the manifestation of creative skills in the 1st and 3rd year physical education and sports students

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Abstract

The study presents the level of the creative skills manifested in the Physical Education students, 20 from 1st year and 20 from 3rd year undergraduate students. The creative skills were assessed with the "Creative Skills Study Quantified Questionnaire" presented by Ion Moraru in 1998 (page 172). We used as methods: the observation, the bibliographical study, the test, the statistical-mathematical method. The data collected were analyzed separately for the 1st and 3rd year students, and then we compared them. The conclusions we could draw emphasize a better level in the 3rd year students. The 1st year students are 55% grouped in the average skill endowment category with a tendency towards good skill endowment, while only 15% of the 3rd year students are in this category. The 1st year students are 45% grouped in the average skill endowment category (over 114 points), being close to the good skill endowment category (171 points), as for the 3rd year students, 70% of them are in this category. 15% of the 3rd year students are in the good skill endowment stage, with a tendency towards very good skill endowment. The 3rd year students have better creative skills than the 1st year students, as a result of the creative formative process conducted during the professional formation. The hypothesis stating that the creative skills level is better in the 3rd year than the 1st, as a result of the professional formation activity, was confirmed.

Keywords

creative skills


Article
Effects of speed endurance test on the levels of cortisol and testosterone in handball players

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Abstract

Physical activity plays a key role in the control of neuroendocrine, autonomic and behavioral responsible for the physical and psychosocial stress. However, little is known about how levels of physical activity modulates the response to the stress caused by physical training. After a stressful event (physical exercise) level of cortisol rises, where cortisol like other glucocorticoid agents, has widespread effects which helps to restore homeostasis. Physical exercise also increases testosterone levels. Athletes often take androgenic steroids in an attempt to increase their strength. Studies show that men who used testosterone and practiced, have achieved decrease of fat and increase of muscle than in those men who did not use testosterone (Bhasin et al 1996). Although previous studies have shown that trained subjects exhibited significantly lower cortisol levels and heart pressure on the stress provouct by physical exercise, compared with untrained men, this paper shows that even trained athletes after physical exercise have increased levels of cortisol and testosterone.

Keywords

speed endurance


Article
The influence of the human biorhythm in the performance sport activity

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Abstract

Knowing the biorhythms has a strong effect on the individual’s optimal adaptation to the living conditions and the activities involved, a prerequisite for an active and prolonged life. For athletes, knowing the endogenous biorhythms from the physical, emotional and intellectual point of view is necessary in planning training and sporting shape, to what participating in great competitions is concerned. Thus, the purpose of the paper in question is to know the endogenous aspects of performance athletes, aspects that can influence this activity. The premise of this study is that a thorough knowing of the human biorhythms, as well as their applicability can have certain influences on the sporting performance. The total research includes 28 subjects, while the present study partially illustrates the representative situation of 3 subjects that is 12% of the entire researched group. The subjects are 3 students, performance athletes of 22 years old, with athletic achievements in handball, gymnastics and rugby. The performances that comprise the paper’s sample have been gathered not only from the positive phases of the three biorhythmic cycles, but also from the negative ones; nevertheless, the subjects found in the positive stages had a significant advantage than the ones found in the negative periods of the three cycles.

Keywords

human biorhythm


Article
Testing the dynamic balance and proprioception in team a romanian ski jumping athletes

Authors: Gheorghe BALINT --- Florin SPULBER
Pages: 46-55
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Abstract

In the analysis meeting of the Ski jumping Technical Board regarding the activity of national teams in the winter season of 2009-2010, were brought up certain inconveniences that appeared during the training program, and manifest themselves negatively during competitions. After analyzing these inconveniences, we suggested certain specific activities for improving the results. The subjects of this research were the athletes in the Romanian team A of ski jumping. We think it is necessary that the suggestions we made in this paper should become permanent, without intervening on the plan of the instruction process, and we can say that these results, as well as the new suggested action means will improve the quality of the instruction process in our athletes.

Keywords

ski jumping


Article
Possibilities of evaluation of the needs of a client in occupational performance

Authors: Nela Tatiana BALINT --- Cristina-Elena POPA
Pages: 55-63
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Abstract

In this research was done on a short presentation of the client's case and his caretaker , based on previously develop interviews. In function of the results was passed to establish occupational needs of the client using a specific occupational therapy assessment model, namely PEO. By applying this model facilitated the identification of issues in occupational performance.


Article
Study regarding the role of aerobic gymnastics in influencing the health indicators of elderly people

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Abstract

The main reason for choosing this theme is first of all the desire to demolish the antiquated idea saying that it is normal for old age to be hard, filled with illnesses, and frustration brought by loneliness, or by the lack of social activity. The intention of this paper is to prove that movement must be made, mainly, with a prophylactic purpose, for prolonging youth, secondly, to improve certain conditions, and last but not least, for the fact that going to a gym can be a way to socialize and integrate in a group, a very important aspect for elderly people. The aim of this research was to identify the role of the aerobic gymnastics means in stimulating the health indicators in elderly people. The operational methods suggested to optimize the lesson comprised structures of exercises for the specific action over all of the segments of the body and muscle groups. The data we obtained shows that gymnastics is a very effective mean, if well organized, to become not only an argument for exercising, but also a real "medicine" for a healthy lifestyle. The results of the research confirm the initial hypothesis, constituting arguments for the use of these structures in the aerobic gymnastics lessons with elderly people.


Article
The effectiveness of using certain combined reflex massage methods in treating functional constipation

Authors: Doina MÂRZA-DĂNILĂ
Pages: 74-82
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Abstract

Constipation being today a highly encountered condition, with disagreeable symptoms and important consequences, we need to find the most effective and quick methods of treatment. I tried to identify, among the worldwide used, but not anymore in our country, massage methods, the ones that could be effective in treating constipation, and I concluded that the experimented reflex massage methods (Grossi, Teirich-Leube, Kohlrausch, vertebral reflexology) have proven their effectiveness.

Keywords

Constipation


Article
Study on the practice of recreational-athletic physical activities in relation to people's age

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Abstract

Studying the factors that positively or negatively influence the practice of athletic-recreational physical activities, as well as the level of knowledge in the field of movement sciences, can give us an idea of their stage. We can find out whether the syncopes in the physical activities are caused by lack of time from young and adult people, lack of sportive centers and proper conditions to practice these activities, or whether we are talking about other causes, such as idleness, and new types of preoccupations (internet surfing, etc.). The main objectives of athletic-recreational physical activities are: a harmonious physical development, forming a good posture, maintaining one's health, strengthening the body, stimulating the higher functions, and, not in the least, preventing and correcting certain deformations of the body. The athletic-recreational physical activities area is vast, they are various, and can differ from one age category to another, being practiced by a great number of subjects, only a few of the questioned people answering they do not practice any kind of physical activity, negative answers coming, generally, form older persons. We can say, therefore, that the investigated subjects take part consciously and discerningly in physical activities, which, unfortunately, are not a daily habit for most people.

Keywords

leisure time


Article
Identifying optimum schedule from a kinetic point of view in obstructive chronic bronhopneumopathy

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Abstract

Modern therapeutic approach of obstructive ventilatory disorder includes, apart from primary prophilaxy and pharmacological treatment, the methodology of respiratory recovery. The research group was made up of 10 patients aged between 22- 34 years, tested both in the beginning and in the end using the PEAK FLOW VOLUME apparatus. Following the research performed, we may state that identifying optimum schedule from a kinetic point of view in asthma and obstructive chronic bronhopneumopaty positively influence the symptomatology, which confirms the work hypothesis. Integration in school, family, society of persons suffering from respiratory disorders, especially for persons having asthma is very limited due to expressions very often seen in persons from sick persons’ habitat: “don’t run, don’t jump, don’t do sports, because it’s bad for you”. Thus, I shall try to prove that physical exercise, movement in general, is actually helpful.


Article
Objectifying the competition effort and modeling the training effort in kayak – boys

Authors: Silviu ŞALGĂU
Pages: 101-107
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Abstract

From the point of view of its physiological effect, the kayak can be found both in the group of the sportive activities with a predominantly and massive aerobic effect, as well as in the group of sportive activities with a duration larger than 4-5' and with an alternate aerobic-anaerobic effect. From the analyzed parameters, the practice fully confirmed that for kayak, the most important were the ones regarding the anthropometric predispositions, physical characteristics, technical motor predispositions (feeling the water), disposition towards top performance and cognitive abilities. Our experiment presents the data obtained during the research, confirming the hypothesis.

Keywords

Kayak


Article
Perception of students in physical education and sports field on the teaching career

Authors: Monica STĂNESCU --- Corina CIOLCĂ --- Marius STOICESCU
Pages: 107-120
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Abstract

Social perceptions of the teaching profession are particularly important. So, the social representations about the teaching profession are present in the prospective teachers’ minds before they begin to teach. These stereotypes can be changed following the contact with the social group members, with the company, during the initial training or the continuous process they are involved in. This study aims at identifying students’ perception on the teaching career. The conclusions present the methods to encourage the students in choosing teaching as a career and represent good points for the DPPD - UNEFS in building a strategy meant to support them and to facilitate their professional integration.

Keywords

teaching career


Article
The “tensegrity” concept based biomechanical stimulation, rehabilitation alternative in reccuring scapulohumeral dislocations

Authors: Horia TRĂILĂ
Pages: 120-130
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Abstract

Biomechanical stimulation known more as WBV /whole body vibration training, is already largely used in fitness and wellness facilities for rapid increase in force and flexibility. The effects of biomechanical stimulation are finally being understood, and they are a useful adjuvant to standard kinetotherapic force, gait, equilibrium and coordination rehabilitation as DMT/Dynamic Motion Therapy, working at safer frequencies, amplitudes and loads. The need to associate such physical therapy, is nevertheless rarely highlighted in rehabilitation centers in Romania. Without proper guidance the patients are hardly motivated enough to keep up with the classical exercises which carry a risk of injuries, which is why similar results obtained faster and easier through DMT are attractive. This paper’s aim is to try and introduce the usage of biomechanical stimulation, in combination with evidence based kinetotherapy exercises as an alternative to classical strengthening exercises in the prophylaxis and treatment of recurring shoulder dislocation.

Keywords

tensegrity


Article
The role of the repeated contractions and of the active relaxation-opposition movement in facilitating the motor response in the case of patients with mixed paresis on the level of the medial and cubital nerve

Authors: Gabriela OCHIANĂ --- Maria MINDIRIGIU --- Nicolae OCHIANĂ
Pages: 130-142
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Abstract

This paper presents a study performed on a number of three subjects with mixed median and cubital nerve paresis, study carried out over a period of 10 months and aiming at underlining the role of the proprioceptive and neuromuscular facilitation techniques, more exactly the repeated contractions and the active relaxation-opposition movement in facilitating the motor response on the level of the paretic muscles. The individualized recovery programme focused on: isometric contractions, analytical active mobilisations of the non-affected segments, Trendelenburg positions, cryotherapy with antialgic decontracting role, massage, manual lymphatic drainage, ultrasounds and ionizations with anti-inflammatory and anti-sclerotic effect, orthotic therapy, application of wet cataplasms with Mg sulphate, passive, auto-passive, active exercise and active exercise with resistance, as well as facilitation techniques. The results achieved confirm the hypotheses formulated, and in conclusion we can state that the facilitation techniques, more exactly the repeated contractions (RC) and the active relaxation-opposition movement (AROM) are the basic methods during the first stage of the recovery of the peripheral motor neuron injuries, since only by using them can we induce the voluntary motor activity, and later increase the muscular strength, which lead to the improvement of the sensorial and the vascular-motor parameters and finally the patient recovers the functionality during the daily activities.

Keywords

Paresis


Article
Determining the motivations features formative stages athletics

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Abstract

The research was initiated having the purpose to develop experiment and validate assessment and quantification tools of the global motivation and its three structural components: valence, expectancy and instrumentality in athletics, on formative stages. The infrastructural level of the motivation was calculated by determining the size of each of the motivation factors dimension and then the GMF and MI were calculated. The quantification was calculated by using indiscriminate responses obtained for the content and context factors, according to the Dunnett formula, 1972.The results were appreciated on a motivational scale rated with three parameters: large, medium, small, elaborated based on he scores of the answers variants and the content of the formula for determining the GMF.

Keywords

Track and Field


Article
Sports students' motivation in table tennis course at the Faculty of Sport in Ljubljana

Authors: Miran KONDRIČ --- Gordana FURJAN-MANDIĆ --- Goran MUNIVRANA
Pages: 152-158
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to find out the sports students’ motives for participating in table tennis sport course at the Faculty of Sport in Ljubljana. The research aim was to provide findings for better planning of the programs. The subjects of this research were 135 students (70 males & 65 females), who took the course in table tennis at the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport (FS). The questionnaire used in this investigation to assess students’ motivation consisted of 30 items. It was designed by Gill, Gross & Huddleston (1983) and is called “Participation Motivation Questionnaire”. The PMQ was distributed to the subjects at the end of the semester. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis and one way ANOVA. To analyse the motivational space the main component method was used and the number of factors was determined after Varimax rotation Method with Kaiser Normalization. The top two motives for choosing table tennis were: “I want to be physically fit” and “I Want to stay in a good shape”. It is interesting that females have the same top two motives as males and that the values are even higher than by males. For the sports students their intrinsic motivation is important and that’s why at the bottom of the results scale there are assertions about extrinsic factors such as: “My parents and friends want me to compete”, “I like to feel important” and “I want to be popular”. The obtained results also indicate students’ preference for a wider variety in table tennis, an increase in the challenge level in physical education classes and an increase in student motivation for participating in table tennis activities with higher demand of physical preparation.

Keywords

table tennis


Article
The particularized evolution, for the national teams, of the scoring chances in team handball

Authors: Eftene ALEXANDRU --- Alexandru ACSINTE
Pages: 158-165
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Abstract

In order to know the particularities of the strategy manifested during the great international competitions, we conducted this study, which emphasizes the evolution in the competition of the way in which the international game and training conception are adapted to the specificity of the national teams. For this, we determined the frequency of the scoring chances from the 2010 European Women's Handball Championship, comparing them with the ones recorded during the 2008 edition.

Keywords

Team handball

Table of content: 2011 volume:12 issue:1