2024-03-29T11:37:07Zhttps://www.doaj.org/oai.articleoai:doaj.org/article:4f57da97594d4442b4a6c1b5f7027b9a2024-03-29T11:33:21ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lChondroid Lipoma: A Rare Variant of Lipoma10.7860/JCDR/2024/69185.192572249-782X0973-709Xhttps://doaj.org/article/4f57da97594d4442b4a6c1b5f7027b9a2024-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/19257/69185_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_QC_REF_PAT(SD_IS)_PF1(VD_DK_OM)_PFA(VD_KM)_PN(KM).pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2249-782Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/0973-709XLipoma is a benign, growing tumour of mesenchymal origin composed of mature fat cells and adipocytes. They can occur in the subcutaneous layer or at intramuscular or intermuscular sites. Oral lipoma, a benign tumour of mesenchymal origin composed of mature adipocytes and usually surrounded by a thin fibrous connective tissue capsule, is rare and mostly found on the buccal mucosa and tongue. Hereby, the authors present a case of Chondroid Lipoma (CL), a very rare subtype of lipoma involving the ventral surface of the tongue in a 50-year-old female patient. The Chondroid Lipoma, a variant of lipoma, is extremely rare in the oral and maxillofacial region containing both embryonal fat and cartilage.Samadrita PaulBalaji PachipulusuVK VarshaPoornima ChandraJCDR Research and Publications Private Limitedarticleadipocyteschondroid matrixfibrous tissuemesenchymal tissueMedicineRENJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 18, Iss 04, Pp 01-03 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:9f56cdfc72c446688c50c2ff9df6c3642024-03-29T11:32:20ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzNovel path planning method using marine predator algorithm for mobile robot1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149659https://doaj.org/article/9f56cdfc72c446688c50c2ff9df6c3642024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130802/art11_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384The main goal of robot path planning is to design an optimal path for a robot to navigate from its starting point to its goal while avoiding obstacles and optimizing certain criteria. A novel method using marine predator algorithm which is used in the field of robot path planning is presented. The proposed method has two steps. First step is to build a mathematical model of path planning while second step is optimization process using marine predator algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed method works well and has good performance in different situations. Therefore, this method is an effective method for robot path planning and related applications.Qiang WangYinghui HuangPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlerobot path planningmarine predator algorithmmetaheuristicoptimizationautonomous drivingInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 225-242 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:d5cfd59f3169421cbacd3af68cdc3dc62024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzAn optimal hybrid quadcopter control technique with MPC-based backstepping1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149651https://doaj.org/article/d5cfd59f3169421cbacd3af68cdc3dc62024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130769/art03_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384Quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicle is a multivariable, coupled, unstable, and underactuated system with inherent nonlinearity. It is gaining popularity in various applications and has been the subject of numerous research studies. However, modelling and controlling a quadcopter to follow a trajectory is a challenging issue for which there is no unique solution. This study proposes an optimal hybrid quadcopter control with MPC-based backstepping control for following a reference trajectory. The outer-loop controller (backstepping controller) regulates the quadcopter’s position, whereas the inner-loop controller (Model Predictive Control) regulates its attitude. The translational and rotational dynamics of the quadcopter are analyzed utilizing the Newton-Euler method. After that, the backstepping controller (BC) is created, which is a recurrent control method according to Lyapunov’s theory that utilizes a genetic algorithm (GA) to choose the controller parameters automatically. In order to apply a linear control technique in the presence of nonlinearities in the quadcopter dynamics, Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) Model Predictive Control (MPC) structure is developed. Simulation validated the dynamic performance of the proposed optimal hybrid MPC-based backstepping controller of the quadcopter in following a given reference trajectory. The simulations demonstrate the fact that using a command control input in trajectory tracking, the proposed control algorithm offers suitable tracking over the assigned position references with maximum appropriate tracking errors of 0.1 m for the �� and �� positions and 0.15 m for the �� position.Solomon C. NwaforJoy N. EnehMmasom I. NdefoOluchi C. UgbeHenry I. UgwuOzoemena AniPolish Academy of Sciencesarticleuavquadcoptermodel predictive controlbackstepping controllinear parameter varyinggenetic algorithmInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 39-62 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:bf47bfbbacff40e9ad7ca8620bad0bc42024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzCaster Car – underactuated ground vehicle with caster wheels1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149654https://doaj.org/article/bf47bfbbacff40e9ad7ca8620bad0bc42024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130790/art06_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384This paper presents a new type of underactuated ground mobile robot called Caster Car. The platform consists of a front-driven and steered wheel and two uncontrolled rear caster wheels. The Caster Car model presented can be an interesting alternative for mobile robots that connects dynamic properties of hovercrafts and classical 4-wheeled cars. Underactuated properties of the Caster Car cause that classical proportional-derivative feedback control give the ability to affect only selected configuration variables. Three mathematical models of the Caster Car are proposed: a dynamic model with free-moving casters, a dynamic model with blocked casters, and a simplified hovercraft description. Models were tested during tracking tasks with demanding trajectory using selective and full-state control. This full state control was based on the computed torque technique with the pseudoinverse operation and proportional-derivative feedback. It gives the ability to suppress unstable behaviors of uncontrolled orientation but in cost of overall effect (higher position errors).Sebastian KorczakPolish Academy of Sciencesarticleunderactuated systemcaster wheelcomputed torque techniquepseudoinverseInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 91-116 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:bea8defee3554b718c8b26b9fd9e257a2024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzOn observer compensator design for non-autonomous control semi-linear evolution equations1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149649https://doaj.org/article/bea8defee3554b718c8b26b9fd9e257a2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130761/art01_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384This paper investigates the Luenberger observer design problem for non-autonomous control semilinear evolution equations with disturbances in Banach spaces. Then, the practicalstabilization problem of the system is solved, yielding a compensator based on the Luenberger observer by using integral inequalities of the Gronwall type. Sufficient conditions of the controller and observer problem are satisfied, we show that the proposed controller with estimatedstate feedback from the proposed practical Luenberger observer will achieve global practical stabilization. We develop novel ideas and techniques, which present the further development of mathematical control theory. Furthermore, an example is given to show the applicability of our theoretical results.Fatma BadriHanen DamakMohamed Ali HammamiPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlecompensator designnon-autonomous control semilinear evolution equationspractical stabilizationpractical luenberger observerInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 5-22 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:a7cc2fa15e37446cb2cad0bbefc737642024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzA new multi-attribute group decision-making method based on probabilistic multi-valued linguistic spherical fuzzy sets for the site selection of charging piles1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149657https://doaj.org/article/a7cc2fa15e37446cb2cad0bbefc737642024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130796/art09_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384Motivated by the concepts of low carbon and environmental protection, electric vehicles have received much attention and become more and more popular all around the world. The expanding demand for electric vehicles has driven the rapid development of the charging pile industry. One of the prominent issues in charging pile industry is to determine their sites, which is a complex decision-making problem. As a matter of factor, the process of charging piles sites selection can be regarded as multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM), which is the main topic of this paper. The recently proposed linguistic spherical fuzzy sets (LSFSs) composed of the linguistic membership degree, linguistic abstinence degree and linguistic non-membership degree are powerful tools to express the evaluation information of decision makers (DMs). Based on the concept of LSFSs, we introduce probabilistic multi-valued linguistic spherical fuzzy sets (PMVLSFSs), which can describe DMs’ fuzzy evaluation information in a more refined and accurate way. The operation rules of PMVLSFSs are also developed in this article. To effectively aggregate PMVLSFSs, the probabilistic multi-valued linguistic spherical fuzzy power generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean operator and the probabilistic multi-valued linguistic spherical fuzzy power weighted generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean are put forward. Based on the above aggregation operators, a new method for MAGDM problem with PMVLSFSs is established. Further, a practical case of suitable site selection of charging pile is used to verify the practicability of this method. Lastly, comparative analysis with other methods is performed to illustrate the advantages and stability of proposed method.Xue FengShifeng LiuWuhuan XuPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlesite selection of charging pilesprobabilistic multi-valued linguistic spherical fuzzysetsgeneralized maclaurin symmetric meanpower generalized maclaurin symmetric meanInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 171-210 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:897419a6be1d44c6b5cdf2b8f2439ba42024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzStability margins for generalized fractional two-dimensional state space models1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149650https://doaj.org/article/897419a6be1d44c6b5cdf2b8f2439ba42024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130768/art02_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384In this paper, a new class of bidimensional fractional linear systems is considered. The stability radius of the disturbed system is described according to the H ∞ norm. Sufficient conditions to ensure the stability margins of the closed-loop system are offered in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The concept of D stability region for these systems is also considered. Examples are provided to verify the applicability of our main result.Souad SalmiDjillali BouagadaPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlefractional 2d systemsstability radiusstability regionlinear matrix inequalitiesInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 23-37 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:844c9d20dc2c4db1a7abbae763eb0eb72024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzNonlocal controllability of mild solutions for neutral evolution equations with state-dependent delay in Fréchet spaces1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149655https://doaj.org/article/844c9d20dc2c4db1a7abbae763eb0eb72024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130792/art07_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384In this paper, we prove the controllability of mild solutions of neutral functional evolution equations with state-dependent delay and nonlocal conditions. We establish the non local controllability of mild solutions under certain conditions by combining Avramescu’s nonlinear alternative for the sum of compact and contraction operators in Fréchet spaces with semigroup theory.Chahrazed BoudeflaSelma Baghli-BendimeradPolish Academy of Sciencesarticleneutral evolution equationsmild solutioncontrollabilityinfinite delaystatedependent delaynonlocal conditionsfixed pointnonlinear alternativesemigroup theoryfréchet spacesInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 117-148 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:4f28de8557e841cf8c8a4f194d1fb4c42024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzThe Floquet-Lyapunov transformation for fractional discrete-time linear systems with periodic parameters1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149653https://doaj.org/article/4f28de8557e841cf8c8a4f194d1fb4c42024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130789/art05_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384The Floquet-Lyapunov transformation is extended to fractional discrete-time linear systems with periodic parameters. A procedure for computation of the transformation is proposed and illustrated by a numerical example.Tadeusz KaczorekAndrzej RuszewskiPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlefloquet-lyapunov transformationfractionaldiscrete-timelinearperiodic parametersInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 83-89 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:11ff78603aa34800a637a171c6fea6592024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzEquitable colorings of ��-corona products of cubic graphs1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149658https://doaj.org/article/11ff78603aa34800a637a171c6fea6592024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130799/art10_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384A graph G is equitably k-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into k independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest integer k for which such a coloring exists is known as the equitable chromatic number of G and it is denoted by x=( G). In this paper the problem of determining the value of equitable chromatic number for multicoronas of cubic graphs G◦ lH is studied. The problem of ordinary coloring of multicoronas of cubic graphs is solvable in polynomial time. The complexity of equitable coloring problem is an open question for these graphs. We provide some polynomially solvable cases of cubical multicoronas and give simple linear time algorithms for equitable coloring of such graphs which use at most x=( G◦ lH) + 1 colors in the remaining cases.Hanna FurmańczykMarek KubalePolish Academy of Sciencesarticlecorona graph𝑙-corona productscubic graphequitable chromatic numberpolynomial algorithm1-absolute approximation algorithmInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 211-223 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:0841f150a6084289ba7ea0c89c722a962024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzA spherical fuzzy correlation coefficient based on statistical viewpoint with its applications in classification and bidirectional approximate reasoning1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149652https://doaj.org/article/0841f150a6084289ba7ea0c89c722a962024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130770/art04_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384Spherical fuzzy sets are more powerful in modelling the uncertain situations than picture fuzzy sets, fermatean fuzzy sets, Pythagorean fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and fuzzy sets. In this paper, we first define the variance and covariance of spherical fuzzy sets. Then, using variance and covariance, we define the unique spherical fuzzy set correlation metric in line with the statistical coefficient of correlation. Two spherical fuzzy sets are correlated in both direction and strength using the provided measure of correlation. We discussed its many characteristics. We compared the measure of correlation with the current ones through linguistic variables. We established its validity by showing its application in bidirectional approximate reasoning. We also resolve a pattern identification issue in the spherical fuzzy environment using the provided correlation function, and we compare the results with several current measurements.Abdul Haseeb GanieDebashis DuttaPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlecorrelation coefficientfuzzy setpicture fuzzy setspherical fuzzy setspattern recognitionbidirectional approximate reasoningInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 63-82 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:0678492caeab41859f27490de802c6d32024-03-29T11:32:19ZTENDOkluZm9ybWF0aW9uIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~TENDOk1hdGhlbWF0aWNzDynamical behavior of a new jerk system inspired from chaotic memory oscillators1230-2384https://doi.org/10.24425/acs.2024.149656https://doaj.org/article/0678492caeab41859f27490de802c6d32024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.pan.pl/Content/130794/art08_int.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1230-2384This paper constructs a six-term new simple 3D jerk system modeled by chaotic model memory oscillators with four parameters that control the behavior. The suitable choice of one of these parameters helps the system describe behavior and attractors. This means that the choice is a parameter of the associated behavior (dissipative or conservative) and attractors (self-excited or hidden). Some features of the equilibrium are observed that are related to the dependence on these parameters, such as saddle-foci, non-hyperbolic, and node-foci. This system is rich in dynamic features including chaotic, quasi-periodic (2-torus), and periodic via the utilization of bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov spectrum. Finally, a new image encryption algorithm is introduced that utilizes the jerk system. The algorithm is assessed through statistical performance analysis, according to the results of the experiments and security tests, it has been verified that the suggested image encryption algorithm is highly secure and could be a viable option for real-world applications.Saad Fawzi Al-AzzawiPolish Academy of Sciencesarticlechaotic memory oscillators (𝑀𝑂4)jerk systemelegant systemencryptiondecryptionInformation technologyT58.5-58.64MathematicsQA1-939ENArchives of Control Sciences, Vol vol. 34, Iss No 1, Pp 149-170 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:9335207f2f4b490cb698a399924bd84c2024-03-29T11:31:03ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgdGhlIGFydHM~TENDOlZpc3VhbCBhcnRzLa «Masa Ígnea»10.24215/23142502e0601853-07102314-2502https://doaj.org/article/9335207f2f4b490cb698a399924bd84c2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://papelcosido.fba.unlp.edu.ar/ojs/index.php/boa/article/view/1864https://doaj.org/toc/1853-0710https://doaj.org/toc/2314-2502
Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la sección artística de las Cristalerías Rigolleau, así como la actividad de Lucrecia Moyano que dirigió esta área entre 1934 y 1962. El interés de la familia Rigolleau en las artes resultó un punto de partida fundamental que motivó la presencia de Moyano en la fábrica, quien se destacó a lo largo de su carrera por la producción de vidrios artísticos. Esta investigación también busca poner el foco en el lugar de esta mujer entre el mundo de las artes y el de la fábrica, junto con las dificultades que eso conllevó, a la vez que se espera proponer una nueva lectura respecto de su rol como «diseñadora ». De este modo, se reflexiona sobre el uso de esta categoría a la luz de su contexto histórico en el que por mucho tiempo predominó el uso de términos como «artes aplicadas» o «artistas decoradores».
Larisa MantovaniPapel CosidoarticleDiseñovidrio artísticoarte e industriaCristalerías RigolleauLucrecia MoyanoHistory of the artsNX440-632Visual artsN1-9211ENESFRPTBoletín de Arte, Iss 25 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:562a3c74b9d944d38adc0eba64acd7932024-03-29T11:27:17ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lClinical Image of Varicose Veins of Upper Extremity10.7860/JCDR/2024/68880.192582249-782X0973-709Xhttps://doaj.org/article/562a3c74b9d944d38adc0eba64acd7932024-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/19258/68880_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_QC(KK_SS)_Ref_Pat(SS)_PF1(VD_SS)_PFA_NC(VD_KM)_PN(KM).pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2249-782Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/0973-709XA 72-year-old male presented to the Department of Shalyatantra with the chief complaint of longstanding swellings in the left forearm (as shown in [Table/Fig-1]) over the last 20 years, which had been progressively increasing in size and number over the last four years. There was no family history of varicose veins. There were no records of previous surgical interventions, and the patient’s medical history was non significant. Occasionally, the patient experienced discomfort, but he denied any precursor trauma or history of weightlifting.Shubham BobadeSheetal AsutkarJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedarticlecirculationsclerotherapysurgeryvaricesvarixMedicineRENJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 18, Iss 04, Pp 01-02 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:99749f78ee6547319bd8f7b0cdc1024e2024-03-29T11:23:10ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Effect of insulin resistance in couples on IVF-ET treatment outcomes10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023110722097-0927https://doaj.org/article/99749f78ee6547319bd8f7b0cdc1024e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202311072.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To investigate the effect of insulin resistance (IR) in primary infertile couples on pregnancy outcomes in fresh cycle embryo transfer. Methods A total of 101 primary infertile couples who underwent first IVF-ET/ICSI assisted conception with fresh cycle embryo transfer in our reproductive medical center from October 2022 to October 2023 were retrospectively included. According to whether they had combined IR unilaterally, these couples were divided into female IR group (n=49) and female non-IR group (n=52), and male IR group (n=49) and male non-IR group (n=52). The basic data, ovulation promotion, embryo transfer and pregnancy outcome were compared between the female IR group and non-IR group, and between the male IR group and non-IR group. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the effect of IR on pregnancy outcome and laboratory indicators of ovulation promotion. Results ① The IR female group had significantly higher body weight and BMI, and lower antral follicle count (AFC) when compared with the non-IR female group (P < 0.05). ② Female fasting blood glucose was negatively correlated with the number of acquired eggs, number of metaphase Ⅱ (MII) oocytes, number of transferable embryos, and number of high-quality embryos (P < 0.05); and both female fasting insulin level and female HOMA-IR were positively correlated with the days and total amount of gonadotropin (GN) (P < 0.05). ③ Embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were significantly lower in the female IR group than the female non-IR group (P < 0.05). ④ The male IR group had significantly higher BMI than the male non-IR group (P < 0.05). ⑤Embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were in declining trend in all following 3 groups of couples (both IR groups, single IR group, and neither IR group). ⑥ Female fasting blood glucose level showed a negative effect on number of acquired eggs, number of MII oocytes, number of transferable embryos, and number of high-quality embryos. Conclusion IR affects embryo quality in IVF/ICSI cycles in women with primary infertility; IR in couples with primary infertility negatively affects embryo implantation rates and clinical pregnancy rates in IVF/ICSI cycles.
LEI RuobingLI WeihongEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticleinsulin resistancefemale infertilityin vitro fertilization-embryo transferpregnancy outcomeMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 623-629 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:e063f768e6e3436db3c444bffcf909592024-03-29T11:21:32ZTENDOkJ1c2luZXNzSocial integration of internally displaced persons in Ukraine: Problems and challenges for governing local communities10.21511/ppm.22(1).2024.571727-70511810-5467https://doaj.org/article/e063f768e6e3436db3c444bffcf909592024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.businessperspectives.org/images/pdf/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/19859/PPM_2024_01_Roshchyk.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1727-7051https://doaj.org/toc/1810-5467This study aims to evaluate social integration and obstacles for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in local communities for further improvement of governing local communities regarding the integration of IDPs in new surroundings. The expert sample included 38 representatives of relevant authorities, scientists, NGOs, and volunteer organizations from 11 Ukrainian regions. The survey was conducted using the online questionnaire method via Google Forms. The results show the low participation of IDPs in most political and civil activities in new communities. The level of social integration according to these criteria is, respectively, 3.0 and 3.2 points out of 6 possible. At the same time, the level of economic integration (3.7 points) and integration into cultural and sports initiatives (3.6 points) are comparatively high, which are a feature illustrating the readiness to be involved in some kinds of activities in a new community. A significant result is also the fact that according to most signs of social integration, in the evaluations of experts, there are assessments of the activity of IDPs at a level that exceeds the activity of residents (6 points). Such results indicate the existence of a resource for developing communities due to the use of the potential of IDPs. This is especially characteristic of activities in counteraction to russian aggression, involvement in grant and project activities, search for opportunities for legal income, and support of social justice principles in labor relations.
AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine under project No.2021.01/0343 “Ensuring social protection of ATO/JFO participants and social integration of IDP under the condition of increasing threats to social security.”Iryna RoshchykYuriy BilanVita KrolHalyna MishchukLLC "CPC "Business Perspectives"articleinternally displaced personslocal communities’ governancesocial integrationsocial protectionBusinessHF5001-6182ENProblems and Perspectives in Management, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 728-740 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:7ce06001e5594f41b4fabbab8618403d2024-03-29T11:21:10ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy on clinical outcome of patients with persistent high-risk HPV infection10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023070782097-0927https://doaj.org/article/7ce06001e5594f41b4fabbab8618403d2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202307078.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To explore the effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the clinical outcome of patients with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, and to construct a systematic psychological intervention treatment program for persistent HR-HPV infection patients with emotional disorders. Methods A total of 96 patients with persistent HR-HPV infection complicated with emotional disorder admitted in our hospital from September 2021 to March 2022 were recruited, and then randomly divided into an intervention group (n=44) and a control group (n=45) after 5 of them were excluded due to personal reason. The control group received health education and follow-up monitoring, and the intervention group received group CBT intervention additionally. Their clinical outcomes and psychological scale scores were compared between the 2 groups. Results In a follow-up for 6 and 12 months, the regression rate of HR-HPV infection was higher, and the sustained infection rate and progression rate of HR-HPV in the intervention group than the control group (P < 0.05). The intervention group also obtained lower scores of Nine-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7) immediately after the intervention, and 6 and 12 months in follow-up for when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). And the scores at above time points were statistically lower than those before intervention in the intervention group (P < 0.05), but no such differences were observed in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion Systematic psychological intervention treatment is beneficial to HR-HPV infection subside for patients with persistent HR-HPV infection.
[Key words] human papillomavirus , cognitive behavioral therapy , cervix, reversion ,LONG XinJIANG Chenggang HAN RongEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlehuman papillomaviruscognitive behavioral therapycervixreversionMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 618-622 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:65265750360243d28520c3a2481d48622024-03-29T11:18:36ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Stratified differentiation of 3 common pulmonary nodules with CT radiomics10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023090822097-0927https://doaj.org/article/65265750360243d28520c3a2481d48622024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202309082.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To explore the value of a logistic regression (LR) model based on CT radiomics features for the stratified classification of isolated adenocarcinoma pulmonary nodules, tuberculous nodules and non-tuberculous inflammatory pulmonary nodules. Methods The clinical and CT data of the patients pathologically diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, tuberculosis, and non-tuberculous inflammatory nodules in our hospital between January 2018 and January 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. By contouring the region of interest for pulmonary nodules and extracting CT radiomics features, prediction models were established to distinguish pulmonary adenocarcinoma vs inflammatory nodules and tuberculosis vs non-tuberculous inflammatory nodules. The model's performance was assessed by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. Results A total of 526 solitary pulmonary nodules were collected, including 263 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 99 cases of tuberculous nodules, and 164 cases of non-tuberculous inflammatory nodules. In the training and validation sets, the LR models based on CT radiomics features and clinical risk factors achieved an AUC value of 0.880 and 0.886, respectively, for distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinoma from inflammatory nodules. For discriminating tuberculosis versus non-tuberculous inflammatory nodules, the LR models based on CT radiomics features yielded an AUC value of 0.921 in the training set and of 0.853 in the validation set. Conclusion The LR prediction models based on CT radiomics features demonstrate excellent performance in hierarchically identifying the 3 prevalent solitary pulmonary nodules, with substantial clinical significance.
MU Ke FAN WeijieYANG YanEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlepulmonary nodulecomputed tomographyradiomicsnomogramdiagnosisMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 608-617 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:79669633da1d44b19b79110dc4bb30ec2024-03-29T11:16:16ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Remodeling of histone H3K27me3-associated silencers upregulates PGK1 expression in gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023100012097-0927https://doaj.org/article/79669633da1d44b19b79110dc4bb30ec2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202310001.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To characterize the silencers in genomic loci that were labeled by H3K37me3 modification in gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) tissues, and identify their key downstream genes. Methods Gastric mucosa were collected from 48 donors, including 24 patients with HGIN and 24 healthy controls who underwent dndoscopic biopsy or endoscopic gastric mucosal dissection in our hospital. Genomic distribution of histone H3K27me3 modification was retrieved by targeted chromosome Cleavage Under Target & Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis tools were used to compare the characteristics and differences of the silencer signals between the 2 types of tissues. The RNA sequencing data and the public high-through chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data were integrated to analyze the target genes regulated by silencer remodeling and their potential biological processes. Results Compared with normal gastric mucosal tissue, the number of H3K27me3 modifications and signal intensity in HGIN tissues were significantly reduced, which was manifested by global remodeling of H3K27me3 signals. High-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis showed that there were a total of 8 887 differentially expressed genes for HGIN tissues, including 4 335 up-regulated genes and 4 552 down-regulated ones, and among them, CTNNB1 and other oncogenes were significantly up-regulated. Integrated analysis of epigenomics and transcriptomics data reveled that extensive remodeling of silencers in HGIN. Loss of silencer may regulate the expression of metabolic genes related to amino acid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism and glycolysis at the transcriptional level, such as phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), which may promote development of gastric precancerous lesions. Conclusion Global remodeling of silencers, namely loss of H3K27me3 modification, is an epigenomic characteristics of HGIN tissue, which may lead to expression dysregulation of glycolysis and amino acid metabolism regulators, such as PGK1.
QIN Bijun TAN Yuting TAN YutingCHU ZhaoleEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlehigh-grade intraepithelial neoplasiagastric cancerhistone modification h3k27me3silencerphosphoglycerate kinase1Medicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 597-607 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:8bd27cc441a04f02ac941614f52495fd2024-03-29T11:16:05ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~Development of Thematic E-Modules Based on Al-Qur'anverses to Improve Student Learning Outcomeshttps://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v14i2.7932085-00342549-3388https://doaj.org/article/8bd27cc441a04f02ac941614f52495fd2022-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jurnal.albidayah.id/home/article/view/793/408https://doaj.org/toc/2085-0034https://doaj.org/toc/2549-3388This research was conducted to develop thematic e-module media based on Al-Qur'an verses to improve student learning outcomes. This research uses the Research and Development method with the Borg & Gall model. Data were collected using questionnaires, tests, and documentation and analyzed through the Independent Sample T-test. The results show Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05. Then Ha is accepted while H0 is rejected. It was found that the average student learning outcomes improved to 83.4 and learning completeness by 83.33% after receiving treatment in the form of thematic e-module media based on AlQur'an verses. This shows that this subject is feasible to be implemented as a learning medium because it improves the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students of MI Al-Hidayah 02 Betak.Eva’atussalamahAgus Zainul FitriChoiruddinStudy Program of Education for Islamic Elementary School Teachers (Undergraduate), Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education (FITK), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakartaarticledevelopmente-modulestudent learning outcomesEducationLENAl-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, Vol 14, Iss 2, Pp 279-296 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:fc3d8a995a6345c88f638b68078254762024-03-29T11:13:20ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Improving awareness of energy conservation: Rocky Mountain City10.1108/JEET-10-2020-00112633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/fc3d8a995a6345c88f638b68078254762021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-10-2020-0011/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The purpose of this research project was to improve public awareness to improve public awareness of the importance of energy conservation and to improve the use of simple conservation strategies. A thorough evaluation of the net gain from the numerous energy campaigns rolled out to the public every year is lacking. This study conducted pre- and post-campaign surveys and focus groups to evaluate one campaign’s impact on self-reported energy behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – The campaign used television public service announcements and a website to improve awareness of the city’s efforts to conserve energy and to increase individual energy conservation practices. Focus groups (n = 40) were used to identify common barriers to conservation, and pre- and post-surveys (n = 533, 479) were conducted to evaluate the campaign’s effectiveness. Findings – Results indicated that the campaign increased positive changes in changing light bulbs and confidence in taking action to turn down thermostats, unplug devices and turn off lights. While follow-up research is needed on the precise mechanism of the psychological process at work, the findings are consistent with the concepts of self and response efficacy as needed components of any behavior change. The authors advocate the adoption of research-informed message design to maximize communication campaign effects. Originality/value – This paper demonstrates how the combination of three prominent persuasion theories can be used to develop behavior change campaigns. Also, it is one of the few studies to evaluate the effectiveness of the Energy Star campaign.Sarah KellerA.J. OtjenMary McNallyTimothy J. WilkinsonBrenda DockeryJennifer LeonardHayley SouthworthEmerald PublishingarticleEnergy conservationEnvironmentMarketingPersuasionService learningEvaluationTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 4-19 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:ea3500f7590a42f6aaa599d5a77c88442024-03-29T11:13:20ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Catalpol protects hepatopulmonary syndrome rats against liver and lung injury10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023121452097-0927https://doaj.org/article/ea3500f7590a42f6aaa599d5a77c88442024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202312145.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To explore the protective effect of catalpol by enhancing TGR5 expression and reducing bile acid (BAs) level against liver and lung injury in rats with common bile duct ligation (CBDL). Methods Fifty male rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group (n=10), CBDL group (n=20) and catalpol group (n=20). The survival rate, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and alveolar and arterial PO2 gradient difference [P(A-a)O2], liver function, and pathological changes in the liver and lungs. The relationship between bile acid level and TGR5 was analyzed. Results Catalpol ameliorated liver function damage, improved survival rate and hypoxemia induced by CBDL. It also reduced angiogenesis in the liver and lung. Meanwhile, catalpol mitigated lung injury caused by excessive BAs levels through enhancing TGR5 expression and reducing FXR expression. Conclusion The protective effects of catalpol on CBDL lung injury caused by excessive BAs levels through enhancing TGR5 expression and reducing FXR expression.
ZENG ZiyangLEI YuhaoWU XianfengEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlehepatopulmonary syndromecatalpoltrgr5bile acidsMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 587-596 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:d0a91926a3544d96a85fef382e6d19422024-03-29T11:13:19ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~TrueFootprint, Ltd.: a case study in the use of SME innovation to combat the COVID-19 pandemic10.1108/JEET-03-2021-00112633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/d0a91926a3544d96a85fef382e6d19422021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-03-2021-0011/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This case study aims to explore the efforts of a small start-up company, whose unique solutions are being deployed in the fight against COVID-19, with encouraging results. Using innovative technology and local volunteer networks, they have set out to identify the medical needs of local care providers, while reducing the effects of fraud, corruption and mis-management. Design/methodology/approach – This case study involved the interrogation of data made available by the company and an interview with the chief executive officer. Findings – The research suggests that small enterprises can have a positive impact, far beyond what either the state or the market might assume. By properly equipping and empowering people at the grassroots level, they can identify and solve local resourcing issues and root-out fraud, corruption and mismanagement before they happen. Originality/value – This is a unique approach to the problem of resource management in the non-profit sector, with implications for grant projects beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.Kenneth J. BarnesJohn HoffmireEmerald PublishingarticleSMEWHOCOVID-19PandemicInnovationMajority worldTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 20-29 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:a49a1a4dd8e24f86900ba3f4dd1a4f8e2024-03-29T11:13:19ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~The relationship between academic integrity of online university students and its effects on academic performance and learning quality10.1108/JEET-02-2021-00092633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/a49a1a4dd8e24f86900ba3f4dd1a4f8e2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-02-2021-0009/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the relationship between academic integrity of online university students and its effects on academic performance and learning quality. The first hypothesis aimed to see if there is statistically significant relationship between academic honesty of students taking online classes and their apparent academic performance. The second hypothesis aimed to see if there is a statistically significant difference in academic integrity among male and female students. The third hypothesis aimed to see if there was a statistically significant relationship between academic honesty of students and their quality of learning. Design/methodology/approach – This is a quantitative study; data was collected via student emails from 155 active online university students. Findings – There was a positive linear relationship for the first hypothesis, the relationship is relatively weak as the value of Pearson correlation was (0.172). For the second hypothesis, the results showed that there was no significant difference between males and females. The results for the third hypothesis showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between academic integrity of students taking online classes and academic learning quality. This relationship is relatively strong. Research limitations/implications – The sample size may have been a limitation for generalizing the results. Practical implications – As a practical implication, authors recommend that education administrators focus on training their faculty members to stress and instill strong ethical values, such as academic integrity and honesty, in their students all throughout their academic journey. Social implications – As for social implication, the embracing of ethical values in students, graduates may continue to embrace such values in the workplace which may lead to more reputable and profitable work environment where the society at large benefits. Originality/value – This research is among the pioneers that attempted to study the connection of academic integrity and learning quality from the students’ perspective.Majda I. Ayoub/Al-SalimKhaled AladwanEmerald PublishingarticleAcademic performanceOnline learningUniversity studentsAcademic honestyAcademic integrityAcademic learning qualityTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 43-60 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:84c96b138160464f88ba4fc6ec6c67172024-03-29T11:13:19ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~The ethical implications of 4IR10.1108/JEET-04-2021-00162633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/84c96b138160464f88ba4fc6ec6c67172021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-04-2021-0016/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This paper aims to highlight the ethical implications of the adoption of Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), for humanity. It proposes a virtues approach to resolving ethical dilemmas. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a review of the relevant literature and empirical evidence for how AI is impacting individuals and society. It uses a taxonomy of human attributes against which potential harms are evaluated. Findings – The technologies of the 4IR are being adopted at a fast pace, posing numerous ethical dilemmas. This study finds that the adoption of these technologies, driven by an Enlightenment view of progress, is diminishing key aspects of humanity – moral agency, human relationships, cognitive acuity, freedom and privacy and the dignity of work. The impact of AI algorithms is also shown, in particular, is shown to be distorting the view of reality and threatening democracy, in part due to the asymmetry of power between Big Tech and users. To enable humanity to be masters of technology, rather than controlled by it, a virtues-based approach should be used to resolve ethical dilemmas, rather than utilitarian ethics. Research limitations/implications – Further investigation is required to provide more empirical evidence of the harms to humanity of some 4IR technologies cited, such as virtual and augmented reality, manipulative algorithms and toy robots on children and adults and the reality of re-skilling where jobs are lost through automation. Practical implications – This paper provides a framework for evaluating the impact of some 4IR technologies of humanity and an approach to resolving ethical dilemmas. Social implications – Most of the concerns surrounding 4IR technologies, and in particular AI, tend to focus on human rights issues. This paper shows that there are other significant harms to what it means to be a human being from 4IR technologies that will have a profound impact on society if not adequately addressed. Originality/value – The author is not aware of any other work that uses taxonomy of AI applications and their different impacts on humanity. The proposal to use virtues as a means to resolve ethical dilemmas is also novel in regard to AI.Jeremy Burford PeckhamEmerald Publishingarticle4IRCognitive acuityDemocracyDignityEthicsFreedomTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 30-42 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:0c26e3933e2d4354a82cb09889bad4f22024-03-29T11:13:19ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Editorial10.1108/JEET-07-2021-00222633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/0c26e3933e2d4354a82cb09889bad4f22021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-07-2021-0022/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Sebastian VaduvaEmanuel TundreaEmerald PublishingarticleTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 2-3 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:0098d3166d154ef39d3a8d1f53e165e52024-03-29T11:13:19ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Antecedent of lack of proficiency and the need for an automated financial plan for the course entrepreneurship creativity and innovation10.1108/JEET-04-2021-00152633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/0098d3166d154ef39d3a8d1f53e165e52021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-04-2021-0015/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This study aims to analyze antecedents of students’ lack of proficiency (in preparing financial statements, cash flow statements, cost volume profit analysis and budgeting) and the need for an automated financial plan (AFP) for the course entrepreneurship creativity and innovation within Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Oman. Design/methodology/approach – The study used a set of four instrument items containing questionnaires to measure the variables in this study. A cross-sectional study was carried out at various universities and colleges in Oman during the year 2020, comprising 174 students from different majors. The results were analyzed using structural equation modelling-partial least squares. Findings – The findings of the study suggest that the students in the universities and colleges should be educated and facilitated to enable them to gain more knowledge in finance/accounting through an AFP and, thus, warrants preparation of fair financial estimation for their innovative business project. A majority of students strongly support the need for implementing an AFP for their compulsory course, entrepreneurship creativity and innovation in HEIs in Oman. Research limitations/implications – This research is restricted to AFPs for the students in Oman who study the course entrepreneurship creativity and innovation. It is recommended that future study may extend to automated business plans for the students to improve their practical knowledge pertinent to the readiness of Omani students, as well as to give material transformation of internal environments in HEIs. Practical implications – Unique AFP for university and college students for their compulsory course, entrepreneurship creativity and innovation provide important resources for policymakers responsible for HEIs, allowing them to improve the quality of preparing a financial plan for their innovative business ideas and new business start-ups. Originality/value – There has been little discussion about the need for an AFP for the students who study the course entrepreneurship creativity and innovation. This study analyzes accounting standards as antecedents about students’ lack of proficiency towards an AFP for the course entrepreneurship creativity and innovation of universities and colleges in Oman which tries to fill this gap in the existing research. Hence, this study is considered as a novel approach that has not been broadly discussed in the earlier research.Mohammed Muneerali ThottoliEmerald PublishingarticleOmanAutomated financial planEntrepreneurship creativity and innovationUniversityCollegeCurriculaTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 61-76 (2021)oai:doaj.org/article:ccbfeb5ab10447f981004284acb278c32024-03-29T11:11:19ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Experimental Research on β-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus promotes breaking the blood-brain barrier in mice10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023080442097-0927https://doaj.org/article/ccbfeb5ab10447f981004284acb278c32024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202308044.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To investigate the role of β-toxin (Hlb) in the penetration of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) through blood-brain barrier (BBB). Methods The high Hlb-producing strain of S. aureus MW2 was screened by streaking on blood agar plate, and its effect on the permeability of hCMEC/D3 simulated BBB cell model was verified. Bioinformatics analysis was used to screen the strains with complete hlb gene, and then the hlb knockout strain was constructed with homologous recombination. The hemolytic activities of strains of interest were verified by streaking on blood agar plate. The permeability of different strains of S. aureus was compared in BBB cell model. A hematogenous meningitis/brain microabscess model was generated by injection of the wild-type or the hlb-deletion strain individually into CD1 mice through tail vain, and the bacterial load in the brain tissue was determined in 72 h after infection. Results The Hlb high-producing strain of MW2 (Hyper-β) led to increased permeability of the BBB model cells than the wild-type strain. The NCTC8325-4, COL, and RN4220 strains had intact hlb gene without phage insertion. The NCTC8325-4Δhlb strain was successfully constructed, and the lack of β-hemolysis of the mutant was verified by blood agar plate. A reduced permeability of NCTC8325-4Δhlb on the BBB cell model was observed in comparison to that of the wild-type strain. The bacterial load of NCTC8325-4Δhlb strain in the brain tissue of the mouse hematogenous meningitis/brain microabscess model was obviously lower than that of the wild-type strain. Conclusion β-toxin from S. aureus promotes the bacteria destroying BBB.
WANG ZhefenWANG ZhefenYIN JingYIN JingEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlestaphylococcus aureusβ-toxinblood-brain barrierhematogenous meningitis/brain microabscess modelblood-brain barrier cell modelMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 578-586 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:fec9decdfb1745ea92bbd46cbcca2b662024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Effect-enhancing and toxicity-reducing effects of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli decoction in the treatment of multimorbidity with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis10.1080/13880209.2023.22283561744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/fec9decdfb1745ea92bbd46cbcca2b662023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2228356https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction (CLMD) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating depression.Objective This study investigated the effect of CLMD combined with antidepressants on multimorbidity with depression (MMD).Method Published randomized controlled trials were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal, Wanfang and China Biomedical Literature Service System Databases. Participants were divided into study groups (CLMD combined with antidepressants) and control groups (antidepressants). RevMan5.4 software was used for data analysis.Results Hamilton’s Depression Scale score was significantly lower (MD = −5.62, 95%CI [−5.86, −5.37], p < 0.00001), and the effective rate was significantly higher (RR = 1.23, 95%CI [1.17, 1.29], p < 0.00001) in study groups. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of study groups were significantly lower (MD = −2.82, 95%CI [−3.84, −1.81], p < 0.00001; MD = −2.26, 95%CI [−3.19, −1.34], p < 0.00001). 5-HT, DA, NE and IL-1β level were significantly lower (SMD = 1.99, p = 0.003; SMD = 1.99, p < 0.00001; SMD = 0.86, p < 0.00001; MD = −14.64, p = 0.003) in study groups. Adverse reaction rate in study groups was significantly lower (RR = 0.47, 95%CI [0.24, 0.91], p = 0.03). The gastrointestinal tract and autonomic nervous system disorders were reduced in study groups.Discussion and conclusions CLMD combined with antidepressants enhances the effect of antidepressants and reduces their adverse reactions, performing a synergistic effect; it may be considered as an effective option in the treatment of MMD.Xurui JiaJie ChenRuiou HuangDawei WangXing WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineantidepressantcombination therapyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1094-1106 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:f40a132b84804c1197a73df8c4ea20372024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong Decoction regulates bone–fat balance in osteoporosis by adipocyte-derived exosomes10.1080/13880209.2023.21907731744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/f40a132b84804c1197a73df8c4ea20372023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2190773https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Wen-Shen-Tong-Luo-Zhi-Tong (WSTLZT) Decoction is a Chinese prescription with antiosteoporosis effects, especially in patients with abnormal lipid metabolism.Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of WSTLZT on osteoporosis (OP) through adipocyte-derived exosomes.Materials and methods Adipocyte-derived exosomes with or without WSTLZT treated were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blotting (WB). Co-culture experiments for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and exosomes were performed to examine the uptake and effect of exosome in osteogenesis and adipogenic differentiation of BMSC. MicroRNA profiles, luciferase and IP were used for exploring specific mechanisms of exosome on BMSC. In vivo, 80 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, Ovx, Exo (30 μg exosomes), Exo-WSTLZT (30 μg WSTLZT-exosomes), tail vein injection every week. After 12 weeks, the bone microstructure and marrow fat distribution were analysed by micro-CT.Results ALP, Alizarin red and Oil red staining showed that WSTLZT-induced exosomes from adipocyte can regulate osteoblastic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSC. MicroRNA profiles observed that WSTLZT treatment resulted in 87 differentially expressed miRNAs (p < 0.05). MiR-122-5p with the greatest difference was screened by q-PCR (p < 0.01). The target relationship between miR-122-5p and SPRY2 was tested by luciferase and IP. MiR-122-5p negatively regulated SPRY2 and elevated the activity of MAPK signalling pathway, thereby regulating the osteoblastic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSC. In vivo, exosomes can not only improve bone microarchitecture but also significantly reduce accumulation of bone marrow adipose.Conclusions WSTLZT can exert anti-OP effect through SPRY2 via the MAKP signalling by miR-122-5p carried by adipocyte-derived exosomes.Lining WangYalan PanMengmig LiuJie SunLi YunPengcheng TuChengjie WuZiceng YuZhitao HanMuzhe LiYang GuoYong MaTaylor & Francis GrouparticleBone marrow mesenchymal stem cellmiR122-5pSPRY2osteoblastic and adipogenic differentiationMAKP signallingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 568-580 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:f3ded84d4304407d935d07ae2b1973aa2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) attenuate Th17 cell differentiation in CIA mice via inhibition of nuclear PKM2-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation10.1080/13880209.2023.21732481744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/f3ded84d4304407d935d07ae2b1973aa2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173248https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with aberrant Th17 cell differentiation. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (Araliaceae) saponins (PNS) have an anti-inflammatory effect and can suppress Th17 cell differentiation.Objective To investigate mechanisms of PNS on Th17 cell differentiation in RA, and the role of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2).Materials and methods Naive CD4+T cells were treated with IL-6, IL-23 and TGF-β to induce Th17 cell differentiation. Apart from the Control group, other cells were treated with PNS (5, 10, 20 μg/mL). After the treatment, Th17 cell differentiation, PKM2 expression, and STAT3 phosphorylation were measured via flow cytometry, western blots, or immunofluorescence. PKM2-specific allosteric activator (Tepp-46, 50, 100, 150 μM) and inhibitor (SAICAR, 2, 4, 8 μM) were used to verify the mechanisms. A CIA mouse model was established and divided into control, model, and PNS (100 mg/kg) groups to assess an anti-arthritis effect, Th17 cell differentiation, and PKM2/STAT3 expression.Results PKM2 expression, dimerization, and nuclear accumulation were upregulated upon Th17 cell differentiation. PNS inhibited the Th17 cells, RORγt expression, IL-17A levels, PKM2 dimerization, and nuclear accumulation and Y705-STAT3 phosphorylation in Th17 cells. Using Tepp-46 (100 μM) and SAICAR (4 μM), we demonstrated that PNS (10 μg/mL) inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and Th17 cell differentiation by suppressing nuclear PKM2 accumulation. In CIA mice, PNS attenuated CIA symptoms, reduced the number of splenic Th17 cells and nuclear PKM2/STAT3 signaling.Discussion and conclusions PNS inhibited Th17 cell differentiation through the inhibition of nuclear PKM2-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation. PNS may be useful for treating RA.Mei-Yu ShenYu-Xi DiXiang WangFeng-Xiang TianMing-Fei ZhangFei-Ya QianBao-Ping JiangXue-Ping ZhouLing-Ling ZhouTaylor & Francis GrouparticleImmunometabolismCD4+T cellsglycolysisautoimmune diseasePanax notoginseng saponinsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 459-472 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:f3a7403c8b3a400db013d1d708ef90412024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between derazantinib and naringin in rats10.1080/13880209.2023.21856411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/f3a7403c8b3a400db013d1d708ef90412023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2185641https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Derazantinib—an orally bioavailable, ATP competitive, multikinase inhibitor—has strong activity against fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR)2, FGFR1, and FGFR3 kinases. It has preliminary antitumor activity in patients with unresectable or metastatic FGFR2 fusion-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA).Objective This experiment validates a novel sensitive and rapid method for the determination of derazantinib concentration in rat plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and applies it to the study of drug-drug interaction between derazantinib and naringin in vivo.Materials and methods A Xevo TQ-S triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer was used for mass spectrometry monitoring in selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with transitions of m/z 468 96 → 382.00 for derazantinib and m/z 488.01 → 400.98 for pemigatinib, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of derazantinib (30 mg/kg) was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats divided into two groups (with the oral pretreatment of 50 mg/kg naringin or not).Results The newly optimized UPLC-MS/MS method was suitable for the determination of derazantinib in rat plasma. It was also successfully employed to evaluate the effect of naringin on derazantinib metabolism in rats. After pretreatment with naringin, there was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0→t, AUC0→∞, t1/2, CLz/F, and Cmax) of derazantinib when compared with derazantinib alone.Conclusion Co-administration of naringin with derazantinib was not associated with significant changes in pharmacokinetic parameters. Thus, this study suggests that the combination of derazantinib with naringin can safely be administered concomitantly without dose adjustment.Ya-nan LiuJie ChenXinhao XuYingying HuJin-yu HuRen-ai XuGuanyang LinTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinomadose adjustmentpharmacokineticsUPLC-MS/MSTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 514-519 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:f09a52452cd34c5eb219c94bc29561cd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Network pharmacology identification and in vivo validation of key pharmacological pathways of Qin Jiao for gout and arthritis10.1080/13880209.2023.22882891744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/f09a52452cd34c5eb219c94bc29561cd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2288289https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext: Gout is a chronic disease that imposes a huge financial and health burden on patients, which might diminish quality of life. Qin Jiao, a perennial herb found in northwestern China and Japan, is commonly used for treating various ailments.Objective: This study investigates the effects of Qin Jiao on gout and joint inflammation and elucidates its potential mechanism for gouty arthritis.Materials and methods: Study 1, a literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI to assess the applications of Qin Jiao in arthritis treatment. Study 2 was performed to discover the component targets and gouty disease targets via TCMSP, OMIM, GeneCards and DRUGBANK, and network pharmacology analysis. Study 3, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into normal, model, colchicine, Qin Jiao low-dose (QJL), and Qin Jiao high-dose group (QJH), oral gavage for 40 d. Serum, synovial fluid, and synovial membrane tissue were collected to measure the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and STAT3.Results: The research also identified potential targets and pharmacological pathways of Qin Jiao for gout treatment. In vivo study demonstrated Qin Jiao can reduce IL-1β levels in serum and ankle flushing fluid. ELISA analysis confirmed that Qin Jiao significantly reduces the protein expression of IL-6 and STAT3.Discussion and conclusion: Qin Jiao exerts anti-inflammatory effects on gouty arthritis by modulating the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. This study provides a biological basis for the use of Qin Jiao in treating arthritis-related diseases and offers experimental evidence for potential future drug development.Xiaoxiong YangYu WangXueli DingShanshan JuXiaoye AnBing ZhangZhijian LinTaylor & Francis GrouparticleJoint inflammationChinese herbsKampo medicineIL-6/STAT3 pathwayjoint arthritisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1525-1535 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ef028622609f4e97bb7d252b23b306f12024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Angelica sinensis polysaccharides alleviate the oxidative burden on hematopoietic cells by restoring 5-fluorouracil-induced oxidative damage in perivascular mesenchymal progenitor cells10.1080/13880209.2023.22075921744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/ef028622609f4e97bb7d252b23b306f12023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2207592https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-injured stromal cells may cause chronic bone marrow suppression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP), the main biologically active ingredient of the Chinese herb, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiaceae), may enrich the blood and promote antioxidation.Objective This study investigated the protective antioxidative effects of ASP on perivascular mesenchymal progenitors (PMPs) and their interactions with hematopoietic cells.Materials and methods PMPs were dissociated from C57BL/6 mouse femur and tibia and were subsequently divided into the control, ASP (0.1 g/L), 5-FU (0.025 g/L), and 5-FU + ASP (pre-treatment with 0.1 g/L ASP for 6 h, together with 0.025 g/L 5-FU) then cultured for 48 h. Hematopoietic cells were co-cultured on these feeder layers for 24 h. Cell proliferation, senescence, apoptosis, and oxidative indices were detected, along with stromal osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials. Intercellular and intracellular signaling was analyzed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.Results ASP ameliorated the reactive oxygen species production/scavenge balance in PMPs; improved osteogenic differentiation; increased SCF, CXCL12, VLA-4/VCAM-1, ICAM-1/LFA1, and TPO/MPL, Ang-1/Tie-2 gene expression. Further, the ASP-treated feeder layer alleviated hematopoietic cells senescence (from 21.9 ± 1.47 to 12.1 ± 1.13); decreased P53, P21, p-GSK-3β, β-catenin and cyclin-D1 protein expression, and increased glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β protein expression in co-cultured hematopoietic cells.Discussion and conclusions ASP delayed oxidative stress-induced premature senescence of 5-FU-treated feeder co-cultured hematopoietic cells via down-regulation of overactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These findings provide a new strategy for alleviating myelosuppressive stress.Yilin NiuHanxianzhi XiaoBiyao WangZiling WangKunhang DuYaping WangLu WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHematopoietic nicheoxidative stresspremature senescence of hematopoietic cellsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 768-778 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ec3c498292df4540972b1620d93683112024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Recent advances towards natural plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-Cov-2 targets10.1080/13880209.2023.22415181744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/ec3c498292df4540972b1620d93683112023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2241518https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still ongoing and currently the most striking epidemic disease. With the rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, new antivirals are urgently needed to avert a more serious crisis. Inhibitors from traditional medicines or natural plants have shown promising results to fight COVID-19 with different mechanisms of action.Objectives To provide comprehensive and promising approaches to the medical community in the fight against this epidemic by reviewing potential plant-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.Methods Structural databases such as TCMSP (http://lsp.nwu.edu.cn/tcmsp.php), TCM Database @ Taiwan (http://tcm.cmu.edu.tw/), BATMAN-TCM (http://bionet.ncpsb.org/batman-tcm/) and TCMID (http://www.megabionet.org/tcmid/), as well as PubMed, Sci Finder, Research Gate, Science Direct, CNKI, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles on TCMs and natural products against SARS-CoV-2.Results Seven traditional Chinese medicines formulas have unique advantages in regulating the immune system for treating COVID-19. The plant-derived natural compounds as anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors were identified based on 5 SARS-CoV-2 key proteins, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), 3 C-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), spike (S) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein.Conclusions A variety of natural products, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and alkaloids, were identified, which could be used as potential SASR-Cov-2 inhibitors. These shed new light on the efficient discovery of SASR-Cov-2 inhibitors from natural products.Zhouman HeJia YuanYuanwen ZhangRunfeng LiMeilan MoYutao WangHuihui TiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2natural productstraditional chinese medicinesanti-SARS-CoV-2 strategiesphytochemicalsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1186-1210 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ebfa0c6626794873aff0ac227aec7a472024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Effects of Tiaopi Xiezhuo decoction on constipation and gut dysbiosis in patients with peritoneal dialysis10.1080/13880209.2023.21935951744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/ebfa0c6626794873aff0ac227aec7a472023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2193595https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext A Chinese herbal formula, Tiaopi Xiezhuo decoction (TXD), is developed from a classical Chinese prescription Sanhuang Xiexin decoction.Objective To investigate the regulatory effect of TXD on gut dysbiosis, as a treatment of constipation in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD).Materials and methods The chemical content of TXD was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. A total of 29 PD patients were enrolled and treated with TXD orally (3 g crude drug/each/twice/day) for 3 months. Blood and faecal samples were collected at the beginning and end, to determine the changes in biochemical characteristics and gut microbial composition. The stool conditions were asked to be scored. Additional 30 healthy individuals were recruited as a control for the analysis of gut microbiota.Results Although having no significant effects on serum biochemical characteristics, 3-month TXD intervention improved constipation in PD patients: decreased 80% abdominal distention (p < 0.01), increased 2.6-fold sloppy stools (p < 0.05) and eliminated hard stool completely (p < 0.01). The analysis of gut microbiota showed that, compared to the healthy group, the microbial richness was reduced in PD patients. After a 3-month TXD treatment, this reduced richness was raised, and Paraprevotella clara, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 2-146FA, Phascolarctobaterium succinatutens, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 2-1-58FAA, Fusobacterium mortiferum, and Prevotella copri were accumulated in the intestinal flora. Furthermore, the bacterial species enriched by TXD correlated with the improvement of constipation.Discussion and conclusions TXD treatment may improve constipation by modulating gut dysbiosis in PD patients. These findings provide data to support the further application of TXD in the adjuvant treatment of PD.Yu PengYuting ZengTingting ZhengXiaoning XieJianfeng WuLizhe FuFuhua LuLa ZhangYang ChenXusheng LiuLei WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleClinical studyend-stage kidney diseaseperitonitisgut microbiotaprobiotic bacteriaTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 531-540 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e93597a9f5624867a18dc2c153c88dc32024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Protective effect of Qingluotongbi formula against Tripterygium wilfordii induced liver injury in mice by improving fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial biosynthesis10.1080/13880209.2022.21578421744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e93597a9f5624867a18dc2c153c88dc32023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157842https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Qingluotongbi formula (QLT) is a Chinese medicine compound consisting of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (Celastraceae, TW), Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen (Araliaceae, PN), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (Orobanchaceae, RG), Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder & E.H. Wilson (Menispermaceae, SA), and Bombyx mori L. (Bombycidae, BM).Objective This study investigated the protective effect and possible mechanism of QLT against TW-induced liver injury in mice.Materials and methods To establish the model of TW-induced liver injury in mice, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, low-dose TW group, middle-dose TW group, and high-dose TW group. To observe the effects of QLT and its individual ingredients against TW-induced liver injury, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, TW group, QLT group, PN group, RG group, SA group, BM group.After administration for 7 days, C57BL/6J mice were tested for biochemical indicators and liver pathological changes. Then, we evaluated the mitochondrial function and analysed the gene and protein expression related to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) pathway by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group (0.30 ± 0.35), TW significantly increased mice liver histological score (L, 0.95 ± 1.14; M, 1.25 ± 1.16; H, 4.00 ± 1.13). QLT and its ingredients significantly improved the pathology scores (CON, 0.63 ± 0.74; TW, 4.19 ± 1.53; QLT, 1.56 ± 0.62; PN, 1.94 ± 0.68; RG, 2.75 ± 1.39; SA, 4.13 ± 0.99; BM, 4.13 ± 0.99). Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that QLT and its ingredients reversed TW-induced suppression of PPARα/PGC1-α pathway.Discussion and conclusions: These findings provide valuable information for compound compatibility studies and TW clinical applications.Jie ZhouMing LiZhichao YuChangqing LiLingling ZhouXueping ZhouTaylor & Francis Grouparticletraditional Chinese medicinehepatotoxicitycompound compatibilityTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 80-88 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e83916e9da1842e1ad4b91eef07216632024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Da-Yuan-Yin decoction polyphenol fraction attenuates acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide10.1080/13880209.2023.21660851744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e83916e9da1842e1ad4b91eef07216632023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2166085https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Da-Yuan-Yin is a Chinese traditional prescription.Objective This study explores the therapeutic effects of the Da-Yuan-Yin decoction polyphenol fraction (DYY-4) on acute lung injury (ALI) in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Materials and methods The mice (n = 10) were orally administrated with DYY-4 (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) or DXM (5 mg/kg), half an hour after LPS (2 mg/kg) instilled intratracheally. The protein content and the levels of inflammatory factors, the levels of complements, the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the expression of the IkB kinase (IKK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), the lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio and lung tissue were evaluated, 24 h after LPS challenge. Network pharmacology predicted potential targets.Results DYY-4 (30, 60 mg/kg, p < 0.01, p < 0.01) decreased the lung W/D ratio, total protein concentration, the levels of C3, C3c and C5a, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, while increased the levels of IL-4 and IL-10. DYY-4 (60 mg/kg) decreased the levels of C5aR1, C5b-9 and COX-2 mRNA (p < 0.05), the levels of MPO and iNOS mRNA, the activation of the IKK/NF-κB pathway (p < 0.01), and increased the levels of IL-13 and SOD (p < 0.01). DYY-4 (60 mg/kg) relieved the lung tissue pathological changes and reduced the C3c deposition.Discussion and conclusions Network pharmacology combined with animal experiments revealed the targets of DYY-4 alleviating ALI.Lengqiu GuoYun YangJie YuanHuiling RenXiaolei HuangMeng LiLong XiaXiaogang JiangDaofeng ChenJian ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleComplementoxidaseinflammatory factorsNF-κBIKKnetwork pharmacologyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 228-240 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e597b216cef643f59ab700182debc90b2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Prevention of seminal vesicle damage by Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens seed extract in chronic unpredictable mild stress mice10.1080/13880209.2022.21570181744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e597b216cef643f59ab700182debc90b2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157018https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Thai Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. pruriens (Fabaceae) or T-MP seed extract has been shown to improve sexual performance and sperm quality.Objective This study investigates the preventive effects of T-MP against seminal vesicle damage, apoptotic and Nrf2 protein expression in mice under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).Materials and methods Forty-eight male ICR mice were divided into four groups: control, CUMS, T-MP300 + CUMS and T-MP600 + CUMS. Mice in control and CUMS groups received distilled water, while those in treated groups were pretreated with T-MP extract (300 or 600 mg/kg BW) for 14 consecutive days. The CMUS and co-treated groups were exposed to one random stressor (of 12 total) each day for 43 days. Components and histopathology of the seminal vesicle were examined, along with localization of androgen receptor (AR) and caspase 3. Expression of seminal AR, tyrosine phosphorylated (TyrPho), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), caspases (3 and 9) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) proteins was investigated.Results T-MP extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW improved seminal epithelial damage and secretion of fluid containing essential substances and proteins in CUMS mice. It also increased the expression of AR and TyrPho proteins. Additionally, T-MP increased expression of Nrf2 and inhibited seminal vesicular apoptosis through the suppression of Hsp70 and caspase expression.Conclusion T-MP seeds have an antiapoptotic property in chronic stress seminal vesicle. It is possible to apply this extract for the enhancement of seminal plasma quality.Sitthichai IamsaardSomboon KietinunJintana SattayasaiKingkan BunluepuechAlexander Tsang-Hsien WuPannawat Choowong-InTaylor & Francis GrouparticleSeminal plasmaCUMSapoptosisNrf2TyrPhoTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 89-99 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e1e35ae8e6a447a4a92e0e9629c9363c2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Paeoniflorin suppresses the apoptosis and inflammation of human coronary artery endothelial cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22203601744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e1e35ae8e6a447a4a92e0e9629c9363c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2220360https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Paeoniflorin (PF) contributes to improving coronary artery disease (CAD).Objective This study clarified the efficiency of PF in CAD and the molecular mechanism.Materials and methods Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL; 20, 40, 80 and 160 μg/mL) and PF (0.05, 0.1 0.2 and 0.4 mM). To study cell phenotypes, HCAECs were treated with 80 μg/mL ox-LDL with or without 0.1 mM PF for 24 h, and cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, inflammatory cytokines levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot evaluated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related factors.Results ox-LDL and PF (0.2 and 0.4 mM) suppressed cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value of PF was 722.9 nM. PF facilitated cell viability (115.76%), inhibited apoptosis (46.28%), reduced IL-6 (63.43%) and IL-8 (66.70%) levels and increased IL-10 levels (181.15%) of ox-LDL-treated HCAECs. Additionally, PF inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and XAV939 treatment further promoted cell viability (120.54%), suppressed apoptosis (56.92%), reduced the levels of IL-6 (76.16%) and IL-8 (86.82%) and increased the IL-10 levels (120.22%) of ox-LDL-induced HCAECs after PF treatment. Moreover, PF alleviated plaque lesions of the aorta and aorta root and serum lipid of ApoE−/− mice with a high-fat diet.Discussion and conclusions This study first revealed that PF inhibited ox-LDL-induced HCAECs apoptosis and inflammation via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and alleviated CAD, suggesting the potential of PF as a drug for CAD treatment.Shasha LiuYing LiCaojie WuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCoronary artery diseaseproliferationplaque lesionblood lipidinterleukinTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1454-1461 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e13a6336902245cab4364781854c99812024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Mechanisms of action of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in protecting against vitiligo mice through modulation of the STAT3-Hsp70-CXCL9/CXCL10 pathway10.1080/13880209.2022.21634061744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e13a6336902245cab4364781854c99812023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2163406https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Vitiligo is a common skin disease with a complex pathogenesis, and so far, no effective treatment is available. Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae) polysaccharide (LBP), the main active ingredient of goji berries, has been demonstrated to protect keratinocytes and fibroblasts against oxidative stress.Objective This study explored the effects and mechanism of LBP on monobenzone-induced vitiligo in mice.Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): negative control that received vaseline, vitiligo model group induced by monobenzone that treated with vaseline, positive control that received tacrolimus (TAC), LBP groups that received 0.3 and 0.6 g/kg LBP, respectively. We quantified the depigmentation by visual examination and scores, detected the expression of CD8+ T cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines and analysed the STAT3-Hsp70-CXCL9/CXCL10 pathway.Results LBP 0.3 and 0.6 g/kg groups can significantly reduce depigmentation scores and the infiltration of local inflammatory cells in the skin lesions. Moreover, the expression of CXCL9, CXCL3, CXCL10 and HSP70 decreased by 54.3, 20.3, 48.5 and 27.2% in 0.3 g/kg LBP group, which decreased by 62.1, 26.6, 58.2 and 34.5% in 0.6 g/kg LBP group. In addition, 0.3 and 0.6 g/kg LBP decreased the release of IL-8 (9.7%, 22.8%), IL-6 (40.8%, 42.5%), TNF-α (25.7%, 35%), IFN-γ (25.1%, 27.6%) and IL-1β (23.7%, 33.7%) and inhibited the phosphorylation expression of STAT3 by 63.2 and 67.9%, respectively.Conclusion These findings indicated LBP might be recommended as a new approach for vitiligo which provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of LBP in treating vitiligo patients.Liqian PengYue LuYingming GuBihua LiangYanhong LiHuaping LiYanan KeHuilan ZhuZhenjie LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleDepigmentationCD8+ T cellimmunoregulationinflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 281-287 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:deac9bee9f994e7da0f3a65254801d2f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Screening of rosmarinic acid from Salvia miltiorrhizae acting on the novel target TRPC1 based on the ‘homology modelling–virtual screening–molecular docking–affinity assay–activity evaluation’ method10.1080/13880209.2022.21607691744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/deac9bee9f994e7da0f3a65254801d2f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2160769https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge (Lamiaceae) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of ‘thoracic obstruction’. Transient receptor potential canonical channel 1 (TRPC1) is a important target for myocardial injury treatment.Objective This work screens the active component acting on TRPC1 from Salvia miltiorrhizae.Materials and methods TCM Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was used to retrieve Salvia miltiorrhiza compounds for preliminary screening by referring to Lipinski’s rule of five. Then, the compound group was comprehensively scored by AutoDock Vina based on TRPC1 protein. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to determine the affinity of the optimal compound to TRPC1 protein. Western blot assay was carried out to observe the effect of the optimal compound on TRPC1 protein expression in HL-1 cells, and Fura-2/AM detection was carried out to observe the effect of the optimal compound on calcium influx in HEK293 cells.Results Twenty compounds with relatively good characteristic parameters were determined from 202 compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Rosmarinic acid (RosA) was obtained based on the molecular docking scoring function. RosA had a high binding affinity to TRPC1 protein (KD value = 1.27 µM). RosA (50 μM) could reduce the protein levels (417.1%) of TRPC1 after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in HL-1 cells and it could inhibit TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ influx injury (0.07 ΔRatio340/380) in HEK293 cells.Discussion and conclusions We obtained the potential active component RosA acting on TRPC1 from Salvia miltiorrhizae, and we speculate that RosA may be a promising clinical candidate for myocardial injury therapy.Wei QuanYuan WangYu-han ChenQing ShaoYang-ze GongJie-wen HuWei-hai LiuZi-jun WuJie WangShan-bo MaXiao-qiang LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTransient receptor potential canonical channel 1drug screeningmyocardial injuryTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 155-164 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:db47fda45cc2457395e990e8c4c936bd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Extracts of Thesium chinense inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation in vitro10.1080/13880209.2023.22538411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/db47fda45cc2457395e990e8c4c936bd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of Thesium chinense Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.Objective To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of T. chinense.Materials and methods To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of T. chinense (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The ethanol extract of T. chinense significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC50: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC50: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC50: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC50: 22.92 μg/mL) and n-butanol (EC50: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.Conclusion T. chinense can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.Juncheng MaJuanru WeiGang ChenXiaowei YanHechun SunNing LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleThesium chinense TurczSARS-CoV-2COVID-19anti-inflammatoryTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1446-1453 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:dadea27cc5844f979b2260be86b323d22024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Sanguinarine inhibits melanoma invasion and migration by targeting the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22007871744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/dadea27cc5844f979b2260be86b323d22023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2200787https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sanguinarine (SAG) is the most abundant constituent of Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. (Popaceae). SAG has shown antimammary and colorectal metastatic effects in mice in vivo, suggesting its potential for cancer chemotherapy.Objective To determine the antimetastatic effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of SAG on melanoma.Materials and methods CCK8 assay was used to determine the inhibition of SAG on the proliferation of A375 and A2058 cells. Network pharmacology analysis was applied to construct a compound-target network and select potential therapeutic targets of SAG against melanoma. Molecular docking simulation was conducted for further analysis of the selected targets. In vitro migration/invasion/western blot assay with 1, 1.5, 2 μM SAG and in vivo effect of 2, 4, 8 mg/kg SAG in xenotransplantation model in nude mice.Results The key targets of SAG treatment for melanoma were mainly enriched in PI3K-AKT pathway, and the binding energy of SAG to PI3K, AKT, and mTOR were −6.33, −6.31, and −6.07 kcal/mol, respectively. SAG treatment inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of A375 and A2058 cells (p < 0.05) with IC50 values of 2.378 μM and 2.719 μM, respectively. It also decreased the phosphorylation levels of FAK, PI3K, AKT, mTOR and protein expression levels of MMP2 and ICAM-2. In the nude mouse xenograft model, 2, 4, 8 mg/kg SAG was shown to be effective in inhibiting tumour growth.Conclusions Our research offered a theoretical foundation for the clinical antitumor properties of SAG, further suggesting its potential application in the clinic.Xiaoyi QiYonglan ChenSha LiuLi LiuZehui YuLing YinLu FuMingming DengSicheng LiangMuhan LüTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNetwork pharmacologymolecular dockingmetastasisadhesionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 696-709 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d6327deaf22e4766a183c1565531cda92024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Antihyperglycemic effects of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium leaf extract in vitro and in vivo10.1080/13880209.2022.21607711744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d6327deaf22e4766a183c1565531cda92023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2160771https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz (LS) (Fabaceae) has traditionally been used to treat diabetes mellitus.Objective This study demonstrates the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of LS leaves in vivo and in vitro.Materials and methods The effects of aqueous LS leaf extract on glucose uptake, sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) mRNA expression in Caco-2 cells, α-glucosidase, and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in vitro. The antidiabetic effects were evaluated using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a 28-day consecutive administration to streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic mice.Results The extract significantly inhibited glucose uptake (IC50: 236.2 ± 36.05 µg/mL) and downregulated SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA expression by approximately 90% in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, it non-competitively inhibited α-glucosidase in a concentration-dependent manner with the IC50 and Ki of 6.52 ± 0.42 and 1.32 µg/mL, respectively. The extract at 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels in both the OGTT and 28-day consecutive administration models as compared with untreated STZ-NA-induced diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Significant improvements of serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and GLUT4 levels were observed. Furthermore, the extract markedly decreased oxidative stress markers by 37–53% reduction of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in muscle and malondialdehyde (MDA) in muscle and pancreas, which correlated with the reduction of MDA production in vitro (IC50: 24.80 ± 7.24 µg/mL).Conclusion The LS extract has potent antihyperglycemic activity to be used as alternative medicine to treat diabetes mellitus.Arman Syah GoliVilasinee Hirunpanich SatoHitoshi SatoSavita ChewchindaJiraporn LeanpolchareanchaiJannarin NontakhamJantana YahuafaiThavaree ThilavechPongsatorn MeesawatsomMetawee MaitreeTaylor & Francis Grouparticleα-glucosidaseglucose uptakeGLUT4oral glucose tolerance testTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 189-200 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d5a925cc61b94ad98b53255b5eee6c7f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Prokinetic effects of Citrus reticulata and Citrus aurantium extract with/without Bupleurum chinense using multistress-induced delayed gastric emptying models10.1080/13880209.2023.21732491744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d5a925cc61b94ad98b53255b5eee6c7f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173249https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Citrus aurantium L (Rutaceae) (Au) and Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) (Ci) are commonly used as couplet prokinetics and Bupleurum chinense DC. (Umbelliferae) (Bup) is an herbal antidepressant in traditional Chinese medicine.Objective This study evaluates the synergistic prokinetic effects of Bup with Au and Ci in mice suffering from multistress-induced delayed gastric emptying (DGE).Materials and methods Kunming mice were divided into four groups: control, DGE, AuCi and AuCiBup. Mice were gavaged with AuCi (14.25 g/kg) or AuCiBup (22.13 g/kg) extract for 12 days. Gastric reminder rate, intestinal driving ratio, sucrose preference and open field test were examined, and serotonin (5-HT), motilin (MTL), substance P (SP), 5-HT4R and c-kit were assayed. Intracellular Ca2+ levels in primary cultured gastric smooth muscle cells (GSMCs) were determined.Results Both AuCi and AuCiBup treatment significantly reduced gastric residual rate (39.5% and 67.7%, p < 0.01). Higher serum levels of 5-HT, MTL and SP were observed in treatment groups (AuCi: 0.060 mg/L, AuCiBup: 0.089 mg/L, DGE: 0.025 mg/L, p < 0.01). The expression of 5-HT4R and c-kit in the antrum and duodenum was upregulated after treatment (AuCi and AuCiBup, 4.3-times, 2.8-times to DGE, p < 0.01). Medicated serums of AuCi and AuCiBup effectively increased the influx of Ca2+ into GSMCs in vitro (1.8-times, p < 0.01). In terms of 5-HT4R expression, circulatory contents of 5-HT and SP and Ca2+ influx, AuCiBup demonstrated better prokinetic effects than AuCi.Conclusions These findings indicate the potential for developing combination therapy with antidepressants and prokinetics in gastrointestinal dysmotility management.Yanrong GongXiaoxia LiangYanting DaiXiang HuangQiaozhen SuYan MaFenglian ChenShuling WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGastrointestinal disorderpsychotherapytraditional Chinese medicineTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 345-355 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d574f45f28714a4e967c1b8e5562260d2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Icariin restrains NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated Th2 immune responses and ameliorates atopic dermatitis through modulating a novel lncRNA MALAT1/miR-124-3p axis10.1080/13880209.2023.22440041744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d574f45f28714a4e967c1b8e5562260d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244004https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized with hyperactivation of type 2 T helper (Th2) immune responses. Icariin is a flavonoid glucoside with anti-inflammatory activities, which has been used to treat multiple diseases.Objective The present study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which icariin regulates Th2 responses and AD development.Materials and methods BALB/c mice were induced by DNFB to establish AD models, and injected with or without 10 mg/kg icariin for 2 weeks (i.p., daily). CD4+T cells were induced by Th2 condition to simulate AD in vitro, and also treated with or without 100 µM icariin.Results Icariin ameliorated AD-like skin lesion, manifested as a significant decrease in dermatitis scores (from 8.00 ± 1.00 to 3.67 ± 0.58), serum IgE levels (from 3119.15 ± 241.81 to 948.55 ± 182.51 ng/mL), epidermal thickness (from 93.86 ± 4.61 to 42.67 ± 2.48 µm) and infiltration of mast cells (from 60.67 ± 3.21 cells to 36.00 ± 2.65 cells). Also, icariin inactivated NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibited Th2 skewing, reduced lncRNA MALAT1 expression, but elevated miR-124-3p expression in vivo and in vitro. MALAT1 increased NLRP3 expression through targeting miR-124-3p. Knockdown of MALAT1 repressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitigated Th1/Th2 imbalance in Th2-conditioned CD4+T cells, whereas both MALAT1 overexpression and miR-124-3p inhibition ablated the inhibitory effects of icariin on Th2 immune responses.Discussion and conclusions The findings further improve our understanding of the mechanism by which icariin affects AD progression, and highlights the potential of icariin in the treatment of AD.Wei ZhaoHuan-Huan YuWei-Wei MengAi-Min LiuBu-Xin ZhangYing WangJie LiLi WangYu-Fu FangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTh2 responsesMALAT1NLRP3miR-124-3pCD4+T cellsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1249-1259 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d33e65af3ef24e8086afe7902ce6922c2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Hepatoprotective effect of protocatechuic acid against type 2 diabetes-induced liver injury10.1080/13880209.2023.21813591744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d33e65af3ef24e8086afe7902ce6922c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2181359https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Protocatechuic acid (PCA) has a protective effect on alcoholic liver injury, but the role of PCA in type 2 diabetes-induced liver injury is not well known.Objectives This study explores the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of PCA on type 2 diabetes-induced liver injury.Materials and methods An insulin resistance/type 2 diabetic (IR/D) model was established by high-fat diet for 4 weeks + streptozotocin (35 mg/kg; i.p) in male Wistar rats pretreated with or without PCA (15 or 30 mg/kg for 6 d).Results PCA at 15 and 30 mg/kg significantly upregulated the levels of body weight (BW; 230.2, 257.8 g), high density lipids (22.68, 34.78 mg/dL), glutathione (10.24, 16.21 nmol/mg), superoxide dismutase (21.62, 29.34 U/mg), glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose transporter-4, Wnt1, and β-catenin, while downregulating those of liver weight (LW; 9.4, 6.7 g), BW/LW (4.1, 2.6%), serum glucose (165, 120 mg/dL), serum insulin (13.46, 8.67 μIU/mL), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (5.48, 2.57), total cholesterol (68.52, 54.31 mg/dL), triglycerides (72.15, 59.64 mg/dL), low density lipids (42.18, 30.71), aspartate aminotransferase (54.34 and 38.68 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (42.87, 29.98 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (210.16, 126.47 U/L), malondialdehyde (16.52, 10.35), pro-inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α (149.67, 120.33 pg/mg)) , IL-6 (89.79, 73.69 pg/mg) and IL-1β (49.67, 38.73 pg/mg)), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and interleukin-1β, and ameliorated the abnormal pathological changes in IR/D rats.Discussion and conclusion PCA mitigates the IR, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in liver tissues of IR/D rats by modulating the NF-κB and Wnt1/β-catenin pathways.Kaixia XuGuang LuQianjin FengShuangchao ChenYonghui WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNF-κB pathwayWnt1/ β-catenin pathwayoxidative stressinflammationlipid accumulationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 737-745 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d26018c791234ec3a0e4e6d0022ef6982024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Antinociceptive activity of doliroside B10.1080/13880209.2022.21634071744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d26018c791234ec3a0e4e6d0022ef6982023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2163407https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Dolichos trilobus Linn (Leguminosae) is often used in Yi ethnic medicine to treat pain, fracture, and rheumatism.Objective To explore the therapeutic potential of doliroside B (DB) from D. trilobus and its disodium salt (DBDS) and the underlying mechanism in pain.Materials and methods In the writhing test, Kunming mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 0.31, 0.62, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg. Vehicle, morphine, indomethacin, and acetylsalicylic acid were used as negative and positive control on the nociception-induced models, respectively. In the hot plate test, mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. In the formalin test, mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. In the meanwhile, lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory model in RAW264.7 macrophages was adopted to study the mechanism of pain alleviation for DBDS.Results DBDS (5 mg/kg) inhibited the writhing number by 80.2%, which exhibited the highest antinociceptive activity in pain models. DBDS could selectively inhibite the activity of COX-1. Meanwhile, it also reduced the production of NO, iNOS, and IL-6 by 55.8%, 69.0%, and 49.9% inhibition, respectively. It was found that DBDS also positively modulated the function of GABAA1 receptor.Discussion and conclusions DBDS displayed antinociceptive activity by acting on both the peripheral and central nervous systems, which may act on multitargets. Further work is warranted for developing DBDS into a potential drug for the treatment of pain.Xishan BaiYanhong LiYuxiao LiMin LiMing LuoKai TianMengyuan JiangYong XiongYa LuYukui LiHaibo YuXiangzhong HuangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAnalgesic mechanismCOX-1GABAA1 receptorTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 201-212 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:cfa2ef445a3347e98f1c12b2c4f23afb2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Alpha-Mangosteen lessens high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose streptozotocin induced-hepatic manifestations in the insulin resistance rat model10.1080/13880209.2023.21660861744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/cfa2ef445a3347e98f1c12b2c4f23afb2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2166086https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext α-Mangosteen (α-MG) attenuates insulin resistance (IR). However, it is still unknown whether α-MG could alleviate hepatic manifestations in IR rats.Objective To investigate the effect of α-MG on alleviating hepatic manifestations in IR rats through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) pathway.Materials and methods IR was induced by exposing male Sprague-Dawley rats (180–200 g) to high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose injection of streptozotocin (HF/HG/STZ), then treated with α-MG at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. At the end of the study (11 weeks), serum and liver were harvested for biochemical analysis, and the activity of AMPK, SREBP-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, Bax and liver histopathology were analyzed.Results α-MG at both doses significantly lowered ALT, AST, triglyceride, and cholesterol total by 16.5, 15.7, 38, and 36%, respectively. These beneficial effects of α-MG are associated with the downregulation of the IR-induced inflammation in the liver. Furthermore, α-MG, at both doses, activated AMPK by 24–29 times and reduced SREBP-1c by 44–50% as well as ACC expression by 19–31% similar to metformin. All treatment groups showed liver histopathology improvement regarding fat deposition in the liver.Conclusions Based on the findings demonstrated, α-MG protected against HF/HG/STZ-induced hepatic manifestations of the IR rats, at least in part via the modulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c/ACC pathway and it could be a potential drug candidate to prevent IR-induced hepatic manifestations.Vivian SoetiknoPrisma AndiniMiskiyah IskandarClark Christensen MatheosJoshua Alward HerdimanIqbal Kevin KyleMuhammad Nur Imaduddin SumaMelva LouisaAri EstuningtyasTaylor & Francis GrouparticleFatty liverhyperglycemiadietary fatsinflammationmetabolic syndromediabetesTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 241-248 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:cf770c88fb2e42919241d7ad2297009e2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Lucialdehyde B suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells10.1080/13880209.2023.22207541744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/cf770c88fb2e42919241d7ad2297009e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2220754https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Lucialdehyde B (LB), an effective triterpenoid isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. (Polyproraceae), exerts cytotoxic activity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells.Objective To investigate the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of LB on CNE2 cells and explore its underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods LB concentrations of 5–40 μg/mL were used. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT, CFSE, and colony formation assays. LB-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were measured by flow cytometry after 48-h LB treatments. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were performed to measure the alteration of MMP, mPTP opening, ROS level, and Ca2+ content in CNE2 cells. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related and Ras/ERK signaling proteins.Results IC50 values of LB against CNE2 cells for 24, 48, and 72 h were 25.42 ± 0.87, 14.83 ± 0.93, and 11.60 ± 0.77 μg/mL, respectively. The CFSE assay showed that the cell proliferation index was 12.70 in the LB treatment group and 31.44 in the control group. LB significantly reduced clonogenic capacity, promoted cell apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Our observations also revealed that LB induced ROS and calcium aggregation, opening of mPTP, MMP reduction, upregulation of mitochondrial apoptosis-related protein expression and inhibition of Ras/ERK signaling cascades.Discussion LB suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells.Conclusions LB may have a potential use as a clinical drug candidate for nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment.Lingxue LiuZhangning YuJing ChenBenchen LiuChanghui WuYe LiJianhua XuPeng LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGanoderma lucidumtriterpenoidapoptosiscell proliferationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 918-926 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:cf6ed7132aea481b87c3051baf95e93b2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Modified Zhibai Dihuang pill alleviated urinary tract infection induced by extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli in rats by regulating biofilm formation10.1080/13880209.2023.21997861744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/cf6ed7132aea481b87c3051baf95e93b2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2199786https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Zhibai Dihuang pill (ZD), a traditional Chinese medicine nourishes Yin and reduces internal heat, is believed to have therapeutic effects on urinary tract infections (UTIs).Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of modified ZD (MZD) on UTI induced by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) Escherichia coli.Materials and methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model (0.5 mL 1.5 × 108 CFU/mL ESBLs E. coli), MZD (20 g/kg MZD), LVFX (0.025 g/kg LVFX), and MZD + LVFX groups (20 g/kg MZD + 0.025 g/kg LVFX), n = 6. After 14 days of treatment, serum biochemical indicators, renal function indicators, bladder and renal histopathology, and urine bacterial counts in rats were determined. Additionally, the effects of MZD on ESBLs E. coli biofilm formation and related gene expression were analyzed.Results MZD significantly decreased the count of white blood cells (from 13.12 to 9.13), the proportion of neutrophils (from 43.53 to 23.18), C-reactive protein (from 13.21 to 9.71), serum creatinine (from 35.78 to 30.15), and urea nitrogen (from 12.56 to 10.15), relieved the inflammation and fibrosis of bladder and kidney tissues, and reduced the number of bacteria in urine (from 2174 to 559). In addition, MZD inhibited the formation of ESBLs E. coli biofilms (2.04-fold) and decreased the gene expressions of luxS, pfS and ompA (1.41–1.62-fold).Discussion and conclusion MZD treated ESBLs E. coli-induced UTI inhibited biofilm formation, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of MZD. Further study on the clinical effect of MZD may provide a novel therapy option for UTI.Kaifa ChenYongsheng ZhuHongwei SuHao JiangXin LiuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineantibacterialbacteria biofilmquorum sensingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 674-682 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ca8581294703406a9d35f2d0174cae1f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Baicalin suppress the development of polycystic ovary syndrome via regulating the miR-874-3p/FOXO3 and miR-144/FOXO1 axis10.1080/13880209.2023.22086361744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/ca8581294703406a9d35f2d0174cae1f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2208636https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex disease caused by endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in women of reproductive age. Baicalin is reported to ameliorate PCOS.Objective This study determines whether baicalin could affect the progression of PCOS.Materials and methods To establish an animal model of PCOS, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subcutaneously injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 60 mg/kg) for 20 days. Next, normal and PCOS mice were divided into 3 groups: control, PCOS, PCOS + Baicalin (20 mg/kg) groups. In addition, the levels of microRNA-874-3p (miR-874-3p) and microRNA-144 (miR-144) in ovarian tissues were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results Compared to the PCOS group, baicalin treatment significantly declined free testosterone (33.71 pg/mL vs. 56.05 pg/mL) and luteinizing hormone (LH; 3971.73 pg/mL vs. 5201.50 pg/mL) levels in rats with PCOS. Additionally, compared to the control group, 100 μM baicalin lessened miR-874-3p and miR-144 levels in human ovarian granulosa cells (KGN cells) by 36.87% and 32.57%, respectively. Furthermore, forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins FOXO1 and FOXO3 are the direct targets of miR-144 and miR-874-3p, respectively. Meanwhile, baicalin induced G0-G1 phase arrest (69.56 ± 3.7% at baicalin with 100 μM vs. 51.24 ± 3.2%, control) in KGN cells correlating with decreased p27 Kip1 (FOXO proteins downstream effector gene) expression by 55.5%; however, miR-874-3p or miR-144 overexpression could abolish this effect.Conclusions Baicalin could alleviate the symptoms of PCOS via regulating miR-874-3p/FOXO3 and miR-144/FOXO1 axis, demonstrating its potential utility in PCOS treatment.Xiaoyuan XuXiaohua XuXiaoshuang WangLing ShenTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEndocrine and metabolic dysfunctionmiRNAScutellaria baicalensisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 878-885 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ca040061204645029d38ab183c102ece2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Qingyi granules ameliorate severe acute pancreatitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota and serum metabolic aberrations10.1080/13880209.2023.22227551744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/ca040061204645029d38ab183c102ece2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2222755https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Qingyi granules can be used to effectively treat patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Objective To elucidate the role of gut microbiota-mediated metabolism in the therapeutic effects of Qingyi granules.Materials and methods Sprague–Dawley rats were grouped into the sham operation, SAP model, Qingyi granule intervention (Q, 1.8 g/kg) and emodin intervention (E, 50 mg/kg) groups and observed for 24 h. H&E staining and ELISA were used for histopathological analysis and serum enzyme and cytokine assays. 16S rDNA sequencing and UHPLC-HRMS were used for gut microbiota analysis and untargeted metabolomics.Results In SAP rats, Qingyi granules decreased the pancreatic pathological score (Q, 7.4 ± 1.14; SAP, 11.6 ± 1.14, p < 0.01); serum amylase (Q, 121.2 ± 6.7; SAP, 144.3 ± 8.86, p < 0.05), lipase (Q, 566 ± 20.34; SAP, 656.7 ± 29.32, p < 0.01), and diamineoxidase (Q, 492.8 ± 26.08; SAP, 566.1 ± 26.83, p < 0.05) activities; and IL-1β (Q, 29.48 ± 0.88; SAP, 36.17 ± 1.88, p < 0.01), IL-6 (Q, 112.2 ± 3.57; SAP, 128.9 ± 9.09, p < 0.05) and TNF-α (Q, 215.3 ± 8.67; SAP, 266.4 ± 28.03, p < 0.05) levels. SAP induced Helicobacter and Lactobacillus overgrowth and suppressed Romboutsia and Allobaculum growth and caused aberrations in bacterial metabolites, which were partly reversed by Qingyi granules.Discussion and Conclusions Qingyi granules can modulate the gut microbiota and metabolic abnormalities to ameliorate SAP. Multi-omics approaches allow systematic study of the pharmacological mechanisms of compound prescriptions for critical illnesses.Juying JiaoJianjun LiuFei LuoMengxue ShangChen PanBing QiLiang ZhaoPeiyuan YinDong ShangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineemodininflammatory responsemicrobiomemetabolomeTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 927-937 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c9cbfebb18fb4f95a8640b74f9afa3ab2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Morroniside ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and promotes osteoblastogenesis by interacting with sodium-glucose cotransporter 210.1080/13880209.2023.21737871744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c9cbfebb18fb4f95a8640b74f9afa3ab2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173787https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Morroniside (MOR) possesses antiosteoporosis (OP) effects, but its molecular target and relevant mechanisms remain unknown.Objective We investigated the effects of MOR on glucocorticoid-induced OP and osteoblastogenesis and its underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods The effects of MOR (10–100 μM) on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells were studied in vitro. The glucocorticoid-induced zebrafish OP model was treated with 10, 20 and 40 μM MOR for five days to evaluate its effects on vertebral bone density and related osteogenic markers. In addition, molecular targets prediction and molecular docking analysis were carried out to explore the binding interactions of MOR with the target proteins.Results In cultured MC3T3-E1 cells, 20 μM MOR significantly increased cell viability (1.64 ± 0.12 vs. 0.95 ± 0.16; p < 0.01) and cell differentiation (1.57 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.04; p < 0.01) compared to the control group. MOR treatment significantly ameliorated vertebral bone loss in the glucocorticoid-induced OP zebrafish model (0.86 ± 0.02 vs. 0.40 ± 0.03; p < 0.01) and restored the expression of osteoblast-specific markers, including ALP, Runx2 and Col-І. Ligand-based target prediction and molecular docking revealed the binding interaction between MOR and the glucose pockets in sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2).Discussion and conclusions These findings demonstrated that MOR treatment promoted osteoblastogenesis and ameliorated glucocorticoid-induced OP by targeting SGLT2, which may provide therapeutic potential in managing glucocorticoid-induced OP.Hou-Zhi YangRunbei DongYutao JiaYuqiao LiGan LuoTianhao LiYao LongShuang LiangShanshan LiXin JinTianwei SunTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMC3T3-E1 cellszebrafishmolecular dockingglucose pocketsSGLT2Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 416-426 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c8d35baa195f42b693ce99c3241e0b5e2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Panax ginseng improves physical recovery and energy utilization on chronic fatigue in rats through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21697191744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c8d35baa195f42b693ce99c3241e0b5e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2169719https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is a tonic herb used in ancient Asia.Objective This study investigated the antifatigue effect of P. ginseng on chronic fatigue rats.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, model and EEP (ethanol extraction of P. ginseng roots) (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) groups (n = 8). The rats were subcutaneously handled with loaded swimming once daily for 26 days, except for the control group. The animals were intragastrically treated with EEP from the 15th day. On day 30, serum, liver and muscles were collected, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway was evaluated.Results The swimming times to exhaust of the rats with EEP were significantly longer than that without it. EEP spared the amount of muscle glycogen, hepatic glycogen and blood sugar under the chronic state. In addition, EEP significantly (p < 0.05) decreased serum triglycerides (1.24 ± 0.17, 1.29 ± 0.04 and 1.20 ± 0.21 vs. 1.58 ± 0.13 mmol/L) and total cholesterol (1.64 ± 0.36, 1.70 ± 0.15 and 1.41 ± 0.19 vs. 2.22 ± 0.19 mmol/L) compared to the model group. Regarding the regulation of energy, EEP had a positive impact on promoting ATPase activities and relative protein expression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.Conclusions Our results suggested that EEP effectively relieved chronic fatigue, providing evidence that P. ginseng could be a potential dietary supplement to accelerate recovery from fatigue.Guolei ZhangBoFan LuEnhui WangWei WangZheng LiLili JiaoHui LiWei WuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHerbantifatigueUPLC–MSsaponinTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 316-323 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c856655342b54ad9a40f0c95067dcde42024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of alkaloid-enriched extract from Huperzia serrata on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells10.1080/13880209.2022.21594501744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c856655342b54ad9a40f0c95067dcde42023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2159450https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Alkaloid-enriched extract of Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis (Lycopodiaceae) (HsAE) can potentially be used to manage neuronal disorders.Objective This study determines the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of HsAE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells and the underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods BV-2 cells were pre- or post-treated with different concentrations of HsAE (25-150 µg/mL) for 30 min before or after LPS induction. Cell viability was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and no cytotoxicity was found. Nitric oxide (NO) concentration was determined using Griess reagent. The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were analyzed using western blotting.Results HsAE reduced LPS-induced NO production with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 99.79 and 92.40 µg/mL at pre- and post-treatment, respectively. Pre-treatment with HsAE at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL completely inhibited the secretion of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β compared to post-treatment with HsAE. This suggests that prophylactic treatment is better than post-inflammation treatment. HsAE decreased the expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 and attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors by downregulating the phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in the MAPK signaling pathway.Discussion and Conclusions HsAE exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells, suggesting that it may be a potential candidate for the treatment of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.Thu Kim DangSeong-Min HongVui Thi DaoPhuong Thi Thu TranHiep Tuan TranGiang Hoang DoThanh Nguyen HaiHang Thi Nguyet PhamSun Yeou KimTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHuperzine Aneurodegenerative diseasesTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 135-143 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c6ef58039dac432ab3e40452d3c234832024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Protective effect and mechanism of styrax on ischemic stroke rats: metabonomic insights by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS analysis10.1080/13880209.2023.22465011744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c6ef58039dac432ab3e40452d3c234832023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2246501https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Styrax is used for prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Objective To elucidate styrax’s anti-ischemic stroke protective effects and underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods An ischemic-stroke rat model was established based on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 10) and administered intragastrically once a day for 7 consecutive days: sham, model, nimodipine (24 mg/kg), styrax-L (0.1 g/kg), styrax-M (0.2 g/kg) and styrax-H (0.4 g/kg). Neurological function, biochemical assessment, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS)-based serum metabonomics were used to elucidate styrax’s cerebral protective effects and mechanisms. Pearson correlation and western blot analyses were performed to verify.Results The addition of 0.4 g/kg styrax significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume and neurobehavioral abnormality score. Different doses of styrax also decrease MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and increase SOD and GSH-Px in ischemic-stroke rats (p < 0.05; MDA, p < 0.05 only at 0.4 g/kg dose). Biochemical indicators and metabolic-profile analyses (PCA, PLS-DA, and OPLS-DA) also supported styrax’s protective effects. Endogenous metabolites (22) were identified in ischemic-stroke rats, and these perturbations were reversible via styrax intervention, which is predominantly involved in energy metabolism, glutathione and glutamine metabolism, and other metabolic processes. Additionally, styrax significantly upregulated phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase and glutaminase brain-tissue expression.Conclusion Styrax treatment could ameliorate ischemic-stroke rats by intervening with energy metabolism and glutamine metabolism. This can help us understand the mechanism of styrax, inspiring more clinical application and promotion.Fei MuRui LinXueyan LuMeina ZhaoJiaxin ZhaoShaojie HuangChao GuoYue GuanHaiyue ZhangMiaomiao XiJingwen WangHaifeng TangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMetabonomics strategiesenergy metabolismmiddle cerebral artery occlusionneuroprotectionLiquidambar orientalis Mill.Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1318-1331 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c64d657ceb4b471aa31f2cda8e0e18d12024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Antioxidative effect of Periplaneta americana extract on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis through activation of the Nrf2 signal10.1080/13880209.2023.22203511744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c64d657ceb4b471aa31f2cda8e0e18d12023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2220351https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Periplaneta americana L. (Blattariae) is used as a treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC) in Chinese traditional medicine.Objective To evaluate the antioxidative activity of P. americana whole body ethanol extract (PAE) on UC mice and whether glycine and proline could be used for quality control and identification of active PAE components.Materials and methods NCM460 cells were pre-incubated in PAE, AA-L, AA-M, and AA-H (low, high and medium doses of proline and glycine), then treated with recombinant human TNF-α. The glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen (ROS) levels were determined. UC mice were fed with water containing 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (w/v) after pre-treatment with different doses of PAE once a day for 7 days. ELISA was used to detect the concentrations of inflammation-related factors. Colon tissues of mice were used to detect the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), GSH, MDA, and SOD. Histological changes were observed using H&E staining. The expression of target proteins was determined by western blotting.Results In vivo, PAE treatment reduced the DAI score more than in the model group, restoring the weight and colonic length. It also reduced the severity of colitis, and inflammatory and oxidative stress intensity. Additionally, western blotting showed that the Nrf2 pathway was activated by PAE. In vitro PAE significantly alleviated TNF-α-induced cell damage and oxidative stress, which is relevant to the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.Conclusions PAE may relieve oxidative stress through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and proline and glycine may be used as active components of its antioxidative stress activity.Jianzhong WuZhen ZhangQimei WuLinli ZhangZhipeng ChenHairong ZhaoXiumei WuYu ZhaoChenggui ZhangJian GeHeng LiuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAmino acidsanti-inflammatorynatural animal extractsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 949-962 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c6301d8be005467488feebf9c584c2492024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Plantamajoside alleviates acute sepsis-induced organ dysfunction through inhibiting the TRAF6/NF-κB axis10.1080/13880209.2023.22158491744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c6301d8be005467488feebf9c584c2492023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2215849https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Plantamajoside (PMS) possesses rich pharmacological characteristics that have been applied to remedy dozens of diseases. However, the understanding of PMS in sepsis remains insufficient.Objective Role of PMS in sepsis-regulated organ dysfunction and potential mechanisms were investigated.Materials and methods Thirty C57BL/6 male mice were adaptive fed for three days and used to establish acute sepsis model by caecal ligation and perforation (CLP). These experimental mice were divided into Sham, CLP, CLP + 25 mg PMS/kg body weight (PMS/kg), CLP + 50 mg PMS/kg and CLP + 100 mg PMS/kg (n = 6). The pathological and apoptotic changes of lung, liver and heart tissues were observed via HE and TUNEL staining. The injury-related factors of lung, liver and heart were detected by corresponding kits. ELISA and qRT-PCR were applied to assess IL-6/TNF-α/IL-1β levels. Apoptosis-related and TRAF6/NF-κB-related proteins were determined using Western blotting.Results All doses of PMS enhanced the survival rates in the sepsis-induced mouse model. PMS remitted sepsis-mediated lung, liver and heart injury through prohibiting MPO/BALF (70.4%/85.6%), AST/ALT (74.7%/62.7%) and CK-MB/CK (62.3%/68.9%) levels. Moreover, the apoptosis index (lung 61.9%, liver 50.2%, heart 55.7% reduction) and IL-6/TNF-α/IL-1β levels were suppressed by PMS. Furthermore, PMS lowered TRAF6 and p-NF-κB p65 levels, whereas TRAF6 overexpression reversed the protective influences of PMS in organ injury, apoptosis and inflammation triggered by sepsis.Discussion and conclusions PMS suppressed sepsis-induced organ dysfunction by regulating the TRAF6/NF-κB axis, and PMS treatment may be considered as a novel strategy for sepsis-caused damage in future.Daili FengRuying GuoWei LiaoJiancheng LiSong CaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineorgan damageapoptosissystemic inflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 897-906 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c483e5c1a12f4f0baa3b8d9ee3c6b5722024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5A standardized extract of Echinacea purpurea containing higher chicoric acid content enhances immune function in murine macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice10.1080/13880209.2023.22440001744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c483e5c1a12f4f0baa3b8d9ee3c6b5722023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244000https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Preparations of Echinacea have been used by herbalists to boost the immune system.Objective In this study, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (Asteraceae) extract with enriched chicoric acid content was investigated for immunomodulation.Materials and methods The standardized hydroalcoholic extract (4% chicoric acid) was prepared from the aerial parts of E. purpurea (SEP). The extract was screened for in vitro antioxidant activities, and immunomodulation in RAW 264.7 cells, at 200 and 400 µg/mL. Further, the male BALB/c mice (20-25 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 6 per group). All the groups except control, were intraperitoneally injected with 70 mg/kg/day of cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 4 consecutive days. The treatment groups received SEP extract (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) p.o. from day 5 to 14.Results The SEP extract inhibited DPPH (IC50 = 106.7 µg/mL), ABTS+ (IC50 = 19.88 µg/mL) and nitric oxide (IC50 = 120.1 µg/mL). The SEP extract’s ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) value was 1931.63 µM TE/g. In RAW 264.7 cells, SEP extract increased the nitric oxide production by 30.76- and 39.07-fold at 200 and 400 µg/mL, respectively, compared to the untreated cells. SEP extract significantly increased phagocytosis and cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in the cells. Further, the extract improved immune organ indices, lymphocyte proliferation and serum cytokine levels in CTX-induced mice. The extract at 200 mg/kg significantly increased the natural killer cell activity (24.6%) and phagocytic index (28.03%) of CTX mice.Conclusion Our results strongly support SEP extract with 4% chicoric acid as a functional ingredient for immunomodulation.Heggar Venkataramana SudeepKuluvar GouthamchandraIlluri RamanaiahAmritha RajPuttaswamy NaveenKodimule ShyamprasadTaylor & Francis GrouparticlePurple cone flowerimmunityherbal supplementcytokinesTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1211-1221 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c1225af3593e471699117e9d402d61612024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5JianPi-QingHua formula attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6 mice10.1080/13880209.2023.21885491744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c1225af3593e471699117e9d402d61612023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2188549https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease, accompanied by liver lipid accumulation and inflammation. JianPi-QingHua formula (JPQH), a Chinese herbal formula, exhibits effects on obesity and T2DM. However, the hepatoprotective effect of JPQH has not been elucidated.Objective To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of JPQH in NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice.Materials and methods C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups and fed a normal-fat diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + JPQH (2.5 g/kg), or HFD + metformin (300 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, respectively. Furthermore, the body weight, epididymal fat mass, blood glucose, and liver weight were measured. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were performed. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Oil Red O staining were observed in hepatic histopathological changes. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were utilized to assess the key protein expression of hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation.Results Compared with the HFD group, JPQH could reduce body weight, epididymal fat mass, blood glucose and liver weight (p < 0.05), and markedly decreased the levels of serum TC, TG, ALT, AST (p < 0.05). Additionally, JPQH improved liver pathological changes. Consistent with the hepatic histological analysis, JPQH intervention suppressed lipid accumulation and inflammatory responses. Mechanistically, JPQH boosted SIRT1/AMPK signalling, and attenuated NF-κB pathway, which suppressed inflammatory responses.Discussion and conclusions These findings indicate that JPQH supplementation protected against HFD-induced NAFLD by regulating SIRT1/AMPK/NF-κB pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of patients with NAFLD.Jing TianMengjie CaiShenyi JinQingguang ChenJiahui XuQiuyue GuoZihui YanXu HanHao LuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNAFLD induced by HFDhepatic lipid accumulationhepatic inflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 647-656 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c0ae0a7127044d89834f2f89ea261bf32024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Correction10.1080/13880209.2023.22359251744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c0ae0a7127044d89834f2f89ea261bf32023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2235925https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116Taylor & Francis GrouparticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1107-1107 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bf3882ab6c464e61b5692f07e62de9a52024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Tormentic acid, a triterpenoid isolated from the fruits of Chaenomeles speciose, protected indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesion via modulating miR-139 and the CXCR4/CXCL12/PLC/PKC/Rho a/MLC pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22495261744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bf3882ab6c464e61b5692f07e62de9a52023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2249526https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Tormentic acid (TA), an effective triterpenoid isolated from Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (Rosaceae) fruits, exerts an effective treatment for gastric damage.Objective To investigate the gastroprotective effect of TA on indomethacin (IND) damaged GES-1 cells and rats, and explore potential mechanisms.Materials and methods TA concentrations of 1.563–25 µM were used. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were performed using MTT, colony formation, wound healing, migration, Hoechst staining assays. SD rats were divided into control, IND, TA (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg) + IND groups, once a day for 21 continuous days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, all groups except the control group were given IND (100 mg/kg) by gavage. Gastric juice parameters, gastric ulcer, gastric blood flow (GBF), blood biochemical parameters and cytokine analysis and gastric mucosal histopathology were detected for 2 h and 6 h after IND oral administration. The mRNA and protein expression of miR-139 and the CXCR4/CXCL12/PLC/PKC/Rho A/MLC pathway were analyzed in the IND-damaged GES-1 cells and gastric tissue of rats.Results TA might ameliorate the gastric mucosal injury by accelerating the IND-damaged GES-1 cell proliferation and migration, ameliorating GBF, ulcer area and pathologic changes, the redox system and cytokine levels, the gastric juice parameters, elevating the gastric pH in IND damaged rats; suppressed miR-139 mRNA expression, elevated CXCR4 and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expression, p-PLC, p-PKC, Rho A, MLCK and p-MLC protein expression.Discussion and conclusions TA may have potential use as a clinical drug candidate for gastric mucosal lesion treatment.Jun-Yu HeJie LiYuan-Yuan ZhangHai-Bo HeYu-Min HeDao-Xiang XuXiao WangHao-Yang WuJi-Hong ZhangHasan JahidAkter SadiaHui-Fan YuJun-Zhi WangKun ZouTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGastric mucosal epithelial cellscell proliferation and migrationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1343-1363 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bd2ae388a05a4f8996623fcdd2ec51022024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Prevalence, motivation, and associated factors of medicinal herbs consumption in pregnant women from Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: a systematic review10.1080/13880209.2023.22293881744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bd2ae388a05a4f8996623fcdd2ec51022023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2229388https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Worldwide access to medication remains a major public health problem that forces pregnant women to self-medicate with several sources, such as medicinal plants. This alternative medicine is increasing in many low- and high-income countries for several reasons.Objective This a systematic literature review on the prevalence of herbal use during pregnancy from the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office.Methods Cross-sectional studies were searched from January 2011 to June 2021 on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We used the Rayyan website to identify the relevant studies by screening the abstracts and titles. These were followed by reading the full texts to identify the final studies to be included. The data were extracted, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the quality appraisal tool.Results Of the 33 studies included in this review, 19 were conducted in Iran, 5 in Saudi Arabia, 4 in Palestine, 2 in Egypt, and 1 each in Oman, Iraq, and Jordan; the prevalence of herbal medicine use among pregnant women varied from 19.2% to 90.2%. Several plants were mentioned for pain management during the pregnancy period. The findings suggest family and friends are major motivating sources for the use of herbal medicine.Conclusions The wide variety of herbal products used in this study reflects the traditions and geographic diversity of the region. Despite the importance of literature-based data about the use of herbal medicine, it is necessary to obtain knowledge, attitude, and motivation for herbal consumption among pregnant women.Afaf BouqoufiLaila LahlouFatima Ait El HadjMohammed AbdessadekMajdouline ObtelYoussef KhabbalTaylor & Francis GrouparticleFrequencyherbal medicinephytotherapyplants consumptionpregnancyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1065-1081 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bc40131453e34cbe8f46a68fd2f98fbc2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Optimization of the proportions of advantageous components in the hypolipidemic “bioequivalent substance system” of Jiang-Zhi-Ning and its mechanism of action10.1080/13880209.2023.22439991744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bc40131453e34cbe8f46a68fd2f98fbc2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2243999https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Jiang-Zhi-Ning (JZN), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, is used to treat hyperlipidemia in clinics.Objective To screen the hypolipidemic “bioequivalent substance system (BSS)” of JZN and elucidate the potential hypolipidemic mechanism.Materials and methods In vitro, the TG content in HepG2 cells was determined after the intervention of the combination of advantageous components (CAC) by uniform design. In vivo, hyperlipidemia models were established by Triton WR-1339 (400 mg/kg; i.p.) in male ICR mice, and corresponding treatments were administered via oral administration once. The mice were divided into 12 groups (n = 5): control, hyperlipidemic model, simvastatin (positive control, 20 mg/kg), gradient doses of JZN granules (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) and the hypolipidemic effective extraction (HEE) of JZN (120, 240 and 480 mg/kg) and CAC groups (20, 40 and 160 mg/kg). Serum TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were performed after 24 h. Transcriptomics and qRT–PCR technology were used to explore the mechanism of the “BSS” of JZN.Results In vitro, the ratio of CAC was determined. CAC could reduce the TG content in HepG2 cells (77.21%). Compared with the model group, the high dose of CAC could markedly decrease the levels of TC (61.86%), TG (105.54%) and LDL-C (39.38%) and increase the level of HDL-C (232.67%). CAC was proved to be the “BSS”. Transcriptomics and qRT–PCR analysis revealed CAC regulated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, bile secretion, PPAR and adipocytokine signalling pathway.Discussion and conclusions These findings provided new feasible ideas and methods for the elucidation of the pharmacodynamic material basis.Yumiao LiYan ZhangYu ZhangTianfeng LinYanyan GaoYuan CaiChang ZhouLeyi YangBin LiuShifen DongYanyan JiangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHyperlipidemiauniform designtranscriptome sequencingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1374-1386 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bb9f6b170eb64363aef7ccb527d825982024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Amelioration effects of the soybean lecithin–gallic acid complex on iron-overload-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in C57BL/6J mice10.1080/13880209.2022.21516321744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bb9f6b170eb64363aef7ccb527d825982023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2151632https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gallic acid (GA) and lecithin showed important roles in antioxidant and drug delivery, respectively. A complex synthesized from GA and soybean lecithin (SL-GAC), significantly improved bioavailability of GA and pharmacological activities. However, the antioxidant activity of SL-GAC and its effect on iron-overload-induced liver injury remains unexplored.Objective This study investigates the antioxidant properties of SL-GAC in vitro and in mice, and its remediating effects against liver injury by iron-overloaded.Materials and methods In vitro, free radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and ferric reducing power of SL-GAC were measured by absorbance photometry. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were randomized into 4 groups: control, iron-overloaded, iron-overloaded + deferoxamine, and iron-overloaded + SL-GAC. Treatments with deferoxamine (150 mg/kg/intraperitioneally) and SL-GAC (200 mg/kg/orally) were given to the desired groups for 12 weeks, daily. Iron levels, oxidative stress, and biochemical parameters were determined by histopathological examination and molecular biological techniques.Results In vitro, SL-GAC showed DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging activity with IC50 values equal to 24.92 and 128.36 μg/mL, respectively. In C57BL/6J mice, SL-GAC significantly reduced the levels of serum iron (22.82%), liver iron (50.29%), aspartate transaminase (25.97%), alanine transaminase (38.07%), gamma glutamyl transferase (42.11%), malondialdehyde (19.82%), total cholesterol (45.96%), triglyceride (34.90%), ferritin light chain (18.51%) and transferrin receptor (27.39%), while up-regulated the levels of superoxide dismutase (24.69%), and glutathione (11.91%).Conclusions These findings encourage the use of SL-GAC to treat liver injury induced by iron-overloaded. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to validate its potential in clinical medicine.Caihong WuWenxin ZhangFeifei YanWenwen DaiFang FangYanli GaoWeiwei CuiTaylor & Francis GrouparticlePhenolic acidexcessive ironantioxidant activityhepatic damageTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 37-49 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bb94fa0a64104edd8ac7717aaea20d3f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Chinese medicinal herbs for reducing endocrine therapy-induced side effects in patients with hormone receptor‐positive breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis10.1080/13880209.2023.22031931744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bb94fa0a64104edd8ac7717aaea20d3f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2203193https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Chinese medicinal herbs (CMH) have been considered a potentially efficacious approach for patients with breast cancer that experience adverse effects from endocrine treatment.Objective To investigate the impact of CMH on endocrine therapy-induced side effects in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer.Methods Ten databases (e.g., PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Information Database and other databases) were searched up to 20 May 2022. The search terms included Chinese herb, breast cancer, endocrine therapy, clinical trial and their mesh terms. The study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias method.Results A total of 31 studies with 2288 patients were included. There were significant improvements in bone mineral density (BMD) [lumbar BMD (MD 0.08, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.09, p < 0.00001) and femoral neck BMD (MD 0.08, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.10, p < 0.00001)] and bone gal protein (BGP) (MD 0.24, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.31, p < 0.00001), with a significant reduction in triglycerides (MD −0.53, 95% CI −1.00 to −0.07, p < 0.05) and no effect on estradiol levels (MD 0.90, 95% CI −0.31 to 2.12, p = 0.15).Conclusions CMH combined with complementary therapy can moderately reduce endocrine therapy-induced side effects, including bone loss and dyslipidemia in patients with HR + breast cancer, revealing the potential role of CMH in treating (HR+) breast cancer. More high-quality RCTs are warranted to further validate the effectiveness and safety of CMH.Shaoqing ChenYifang GaoHaichao LiuJin JingZhengyu YangHaoming ZhuBairui ChenYu WangTing ZhangShizhong WangJianping LinTaylor & Francis GrouparticleBreast neoplasmbone lossdyslipidemiaTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 722-736 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:b408513b3f2f46f091fc3e5b3a8b98022024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Salvianolic acid B attenuates tubulointerstitial fibrosis by inhibiting EZH2 to regulate the PTEN/Akt pathway10.1080/13880209.2022.21481691744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/b408513b3f2f46f091fc3e5b3a8b98022023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2148169https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Salvianolic acid B (SAB) can alleviate renal fibrosis and improve the renal function.Objective To investigate the effect of SAB on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and explore its underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods Male C57 mice were subjected to unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) for renal fibrosis indication. Vehicle or SAB (10 mg/kg/d, i.p.) were given consecutively for 2 weeks in UUO mice while 4 weeks in AAN mice. The serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urine nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Masson’s trichrome staining and the fibrotic markers (FN and α-SMA) were used to evaluate renal fibrosis. NRK-49F cells exposed to 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β were treated with SAB in the presence or absence of 20 μM 3-DZNep, an inhibitor of EZH2. The protein expression of EZH2, H3k27me3 and PTEN/Akt signaling pathway in renal tissue and NRK-49F cells were measured by Western blots.Results SAB significantly improved the levels of Scr by 24.3% and BUN by 35.7% in AAN mice. SAB reduced renal interstitial collagen deposition by 34.7% in UUO mice and 72.8% in AAN mice. Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that SAB suppressed the expression of FN and α-SMA, increased PTEN and decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, which were correlated with the down-regulation of EZH2 and H3k27me3. The inhibition of EZH2 attenuated the anti-fibrotic effects of SAB in NRK-49Fs.Conclusion SAB might have therapeutic potential on renal fibrosis of CKD through inhibiting EZH2, which encourages further clinical trials.Pinglan LinFurong QiuMing WuLin XuDi HuangChen WangXuejun YangChaoyang YeTaylor & Francis GrouparticleRenal fibrosischronic kidney diseasesureteral unilateral obstructionAristolochic acid nephropathytransforming growth factor-βTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 23-29 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:b11451fede5b4e5eb8d82d271345b53a2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibits endothelial cell ferroptosis in diabetic atherosclerosis mice by regulating miR-429/SLC7A1110.1080/13880209.2023.22255431744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/b11451fede5b4e5eb8d82d271345b53a2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2225543https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Ferroptosis may play an essential role in lipid peroxidation and endothelial dysfunction of aortic endothelial cells (ECs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with atherosclerosis (AS). Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has shown substantial antioxidant stress and anti-ferroptosis.Objective This study confirms whether HSYA improves symptoms in a mouse model of T2DM/AS and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods ApoE-/- mice were fed with high fat combined with 30 mg/kg streptozotocin to establish a T2DM/AS model. Then mice were treated with intraperitoneal injections of 2.25 mg/kg HSYA for 12 weeks. Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced by 33.3 mM d-glucose +100 μg/mL ox-LDL were used to construct a high lipid and high glucose cell model treated with 25 μM HSYA. The changes in oxidative stress- and ferroptosis-related markers were detected, and the regulatory effect of HSYA on the miR-429/SLC7A11 was also verified. Normal ApoE-/- mice or HUVEC cells were used as the control group.Results HSYA effectively reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in the T2DM/AS mouse model and inhibited HUVEC ferroptosis, such as upregulating GSH-Px, SLC7A11 and GPX4, but inhibited ACSL4. Furthermore, HSYA also downregulated the expression of miR-429, which further regulated SLC7A11 expression. After miR-429 mimic or SLC7A11 siRNA transfection in the HUVEC, the antioxidative stress and anti-ferroptosis effects of HSYA were significantly abolished.Conclusions HSYA is expected to become an important health drug to prevent the occurrence and development of T2DM/AS.Jianjie RongChuanyong LiQiang ZhangGuangfeng ZhengWeijian FanZhichang PanShuming ShiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleType 2 diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosisOx-LDLApoE-/- miceHUVECTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 404-415 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:a592f472e1c0416a8921aad5dfbcd8602024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Network pharmacology integrated with experimental verification reveals the antipyretic characteristics and mechanism of Zi Xue powder10.1080/13880209.2023.22876581744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/a592f472e1c0416a8921aad5dfbcd8602023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2287658https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Zi Xue Powder (ZXP) is a traditional formula for the treatment of fever. However, the potential mechanism of action of ZXP remains unknown.Objective This study elucidates the antipyretic characteristics of ZXP and the mechanism by which ZXP alleviates fever.Materials and methods The key targets and underlying fever-reducing mechanisms of ZXP were predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The targets of ZXP anti-fever active ingredient were obtained by searching TCMSP, STITCH and HERB. Moreover, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ZXP (0.54, 1.08, 2.16 g/kg), and positive control (acetaminophen, 0.045 g/kg); the fever model was established by intraperitoneal LPS injection. After the fever model was established at 0.5 h, the rats were administered treatment by gavage, and the anal temperature changes of each group were observed over 10 h after treatment. After 10 h, ELISA and Western blot analysis were used to further investigate the mechanism of ZXP.Results Network pharmacology analysis showed that MAPK was a crucial pathway through which ZXP suppresses fever. The results showed that ZXP (2.16 g/kg) decreased PGE2, CRH, TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-1β levels while increasing AVP level compared to the LPS group. Furthermore, the intervention of ZXP inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway in LPS-induced fever rats.Conclusions This study provides new insights into the mechanism by which ZXP reduces fever and provides important information and new research ideas for the discovery of antipyretic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.Hanyu ZhangShining GeFengyin DiaoWen SongYing ZhangPengwei ZhuangYanjun ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleFeverlipopolysaccharideChinese medicinebiological network analysismolecular mechanismTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1512-1524 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:a57f6714d79946f39c0dedefc623e7682024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Network pharmacology approach and experimental verification of Dan-Shen Decoction in the treatment of ischemic heart disease10.1080/13880209.2022.21520591744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/a57f6714d79946f39c0dedefc623e7682023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2152059https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Dan-Shen Decoction, which is composed of Danshen, Tanxiang and Sharen, has a good therapeutic effect on ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, systematic research on the exact mechanism of action of Dan-Shen Decoction is still lacking. The anti-IHD effect of Dan-Shen Decoction was examined in this study using a systematic pharmacological method.Objective This study validates the efficacy and explores the potential mechanisms of Dan-Shen Decoction in treating IHD by integrating network pharmacology analyses and experimental verification.Materials and methods The active components, critical targets and potential mechanisms of Dan-Shen Decoction against IHD were predicted by network pharmacology and molecule docking. H9c2 cells were pretreated with various 1 µg/mL Dan-Shen Decoction for 2 h before induction with 1000 µmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h. The cell viability was detected by CCK8, and protein expression was detected by western blots.Results The network pharmacology approach successfully identified 69 active components in Dan-Shen Decoction, and 122 potential targets involved in the treatment of IHD. The in vitro experiments indicate that the anti-IHD effect of Dan-Shen Decoction may be closely associated with targets such as AKT1 and MAPK1, as well as biological processes such as cell proliferation, inflammatory response, and metabolism.Conclusions This study not only provides new insights into the mechanism of Dan-Shen Decoction against IHD, but also provides important information and new research ideas for the discovery of anti-IHD compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.Difei GongTianyi YuanRanran WangShuchan SunAwaguli DawutiShoubao WangGuanhua DuLianhua FangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMolecular dockingH9c2 cellsmechanismTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 69-79 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:a4c5811c0c3846a2891c6f0a73814dd32024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Novel treatment from a botanical formulation Si-Miao-Yong-an decoction inhibits vasa vasorum angiogenesis and stabilizes atherosclerosis plaques via the Wnt1/β-catenin signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22490611744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/a4c5811c0c3846a2891c6f0a73814dd32023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2249061https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Si-Miao-Yong-An (SMYA) has been widely used for the clinical treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). Yet, its complete mechanism of action is not fully understood.Objective To investigate the mechanism by which SMYA stabilizes AS plaques from the perspective of inhibiting vasa vasorum (VV) angiogenesis.Materials and methods We used male ApoE-/- mice to establish an AS model. The mice were divided into model, SMYA (11.7 mg/kg/d), and simvastatin (SVTT) (2.6 mg/kg/d) groups. Mice were given SMYA or SVTT by daily gavage for 8 weeks. HE staining, immunofluorescence double-labelling staining, and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the pathological changes in the plaques. Finally, the protein and mRNA expression levels of the Wnt1/β-catenin signalling pathway were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively.Results SMYA significantly attenuated cholesterol crystallization, and lipid accumulation in AS plaques, resulting in smaller plaque size (0.25 mm2 vs. 0.46 mm2), and lowering ratio of plaque to lumen area (20.04% vs. 38.33%) and VV density (50.64/mm2 vs. 98.02/mm2). Meanwhile, SMYA suppressed both the positive area percentage of Wnt1 (2.53 vs. 3.56), β-catenin (3.33 vs. 5.65) and Cyclin D1 (2.10 vs. 3.27) proteins in the aortic root plaques, and mRNA expression of Wnt1 (1.38 vs. 2.09), β-catenin (2.05 vs. 3.25) and Cyclin D1 (1.39 vs. 2.57).Discussion and conclusions SMYA has a protective effect against AS, which may be related to its anti-VV angiogenesis in plaques, suggesting that SMYA has the potential as a novel botanical formulation in the treatment of AS.Zhongwen QiZhipeng YanKe ZhuYueyao WangYajie FanTingting LiJunping ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleChinese medicine preparationvulnerable plaqueintraplaque neovascularizationendothelial cell proliferationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1364-1373 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:a40cda96a9e74d58a9aed75136b468472024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Tongguan capsule for treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: integrating network pharmacology and mechanism study10.1080/13880209.2023.21758771744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/a40cda96a9e74d58a9aed75136b468472023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2175877https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Although Tongguan capsule (TGC) is used in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic disease, the exact mechanism remains unclear.Objective Network pharmacology and experimental validation were applied to examine the mechanism of TGC for treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI).Materials and methods The components and candidate targets were searched based on various databases such as TCMSP, TCMID, BATMAN-TCM. The binding ability was determined by molecular docking. The ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model was constructed by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. APOE-/- mice were divided into three groups (n = 6): Sham group, I/R group, and TGC group (1 g/kg/d). To further verification, HCAEC cells were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) to establish in vitro model.Results The compounds, such as quercetin, luteolin, tanshinone IIA, kaempferol and bifendate, were obtained after screening. The affinity values of the components with GSK-3β, mTOR, Beclin-1, and LC3 were all <-5 kcal/mol. In vivo, TGC improved LVEF and FS, reducing infarct size. In vitro, Hoechst 33258 staining result showed TGC inhibited apoptosis. Compare with the H/R model, TGC treatment increased the levels of GSK-3β, LC3, and Beclin1, while decreasing the expression of mTOR and p62 (p < 0.05).Discussion and Conclusion The findings revealed that TGC exerted a cardioprotective effect by up regulating autophagy-related proteins through the mTOR pathway, which may be a therapeutic option for MIRI. However, there are still some limitations in this research. It is necessary to search more databases to obtain information and further demonstrated through randomized controlled trials for generalization.Jiantao LiuChunping LiuHuiqi ChenHuan CenHailong YangPeijian LiuFang LiuLiuling MaQuanfu ChenLei WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHypoxia/reoxygenationapoptosismTOR pathwaysautophagyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 437-448 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:9c1e5dc015b6462380c24e196cb0f8322024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Sanziguben polysaccharides improve diabetic nephropathy in mice by regulating gut microbiota to inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21741451744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/9c1e5dc015b6462380c24e196cb0f8322023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2174145https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sanziguben (SZGB) is an empirical prescription used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN). As an abundant and primarily effective component of SZGB, Sanziguben polysaccharides (SZP) can be digested by flora to generate biological activity.Objective Our study aimed to clarify the potential mechanism of SZP in improving chronic DN.Materials and methods Male db/db mice were randomized into DN, SZP (500 mg/kg) and metformin (MET, 300 mg/kg) groups. Wild-type littermates served as the normal control (NC) group. The drug was orally administered for 8 weeks. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the inflammatory factors. Proteins related to inflammation were evaluated using western blotting and immunohistochemical examination. Gut microbiota was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing.Results SZP significantly reduced 24 h urine albumin (p < 0.05) of DN mice. Compared to DN group, SZP significantly decreased the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels (20.27 ± 3.50 vs. 33.64 ± 4.85, 19.22 ± 3.77 vs. 32.52 ± 3.05 μmol/L, 13.23 ± 1.42 vs. 16.27 ± 0.77 mmol/L, respectively), and mitigated renal damage. SZP also regulated gut microbiota and decreased the abundance of Gram-negative bacteria (Proteobacteria, Klebsiella and Escherichia-Shigella). Subsequently, SZP reduced lipopolysaccharides levels (1.06- to 1.93-fold) of DN mice. Furthermore, SZP inhibited the expression levels of TLR4, phospho-NF-κB p65, NLRP3 proteins and interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β.Conclusions These results demonstrated that SZP improved intestinal flora disorder and inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to alleviate DN.Fan WangChang LiuLingZhi RenYanYang LiHongMei YangYang YuWeiPing XuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIntestinal microbiotachronic kidney diseasesinflammationNLRP3 inflammasomeTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 427-436 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:961bb74c67e74890b6c65c182c687c672024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Luteolin alleviated neutrophilic asthma by inhibiting IL-36γ secretion-mediated MAPK pathways10.1080/13880209.2022.21607701744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/961bb74c67e74890b6c65c182c687c672023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2160770https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Luteolin can affect multiple biological functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune enhancement processes. Luteolin can inhibit inflammation of T2-high asthma, but its role in neutrophilic asthma has been insufficently studied.Objective This study determines the effect of luteolin on IL-36γ secretion-mediated MAPK pathway signalling in neutrophilic asthma.Materials and methods The asthma model was established by using ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS). Female 6–8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into control, asthma, luteolin (20 mg/kg) and asthma + luteolin (20 mg/kg) groups. To explore the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effects of luteolin in neutrophilic asthma, Beas-2B cells were treated with luteolin (20 µmol/L), LPS (100 ng/mL), recombinant human IL-36γ protein (rhIL-36γ; 100 ng/mL) or IL-36γ siRNA.Results IL-36γ secretion and MAPK/IL-1β signalling were significantly increased in the asthma mouse model compared with the control (p < 0.05). However, the levels of IL-36γ secretion and MAPK/IL-1β signalling were reduced by luteolin (p < 0.05). In addition, luteolin inhibited IL-36γ and MAPK/IL-1β levels after LPS (100 ng/mL) stimulation of Beas-2B cells (p < 0.05). We found that in Beas-2B cells, luteolin inhibited activation of the MAPK pathway and IL-1β secretion following stimulation with rhIL-36γ (100 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Finally, IL-1β and phosphorylated MAPK levels were found to be lower in the IL-36γ siRNA + LPS (100 ng/mL) group than in the nonspecific control (NC) siRNA + LPS group (p < 0.05).Discussion and conclusions Luteolin alleviated neutrophilic asthma by inhibiting IL-36γ secretion-mediated MAPK pathways. These findings provided a theoretical basis for the application of luteolin in the treatment of neutrophilic asthma.Xin-rui QiaoTao FengDong ZhangLi-li ZhiJin-tao ZhangXiao-fei LiuYun PanJia-wei XuWen-Jing CuiLiang DongTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAirway inflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 165-176 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:957fc2f11ac14e0fb3f387865b2c27fc2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The traditional herb Polygonum hydropiper from China: a comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and applications10.1080/13880209.2023.22086391744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/957fc2f11ac14e0fb3f387865b2c27fc2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2208639https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae) (PH) is a traditional Chinese traditional medicine with a pungent flavor and mild drug properties. PH is mainly distributed in the channel tropism in the stomach and large intestine. PH has multiple uses and can be used to treat a variety of diseases for a long time.Objective This review summarizes the phytochemical and pharmacological activities, and applications of PH from 1980 to 2022. We also provide suggestions for promoting further research and developing additional applications of PH.Methods The data and information on PH from 1980 to 2022 reviewed in this article were obtained from scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Science Citation Index, SciFinder Scholar (SciFinder), Springer, American Chemical Society (ACS) Publications, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), etc. Some information was obtained from classic literature on traditional Chinese medicines. The search terms were Polygonum hydropiper, phytochemistry compositions of Polygonum hydropiper, pharmacological activities of Polygonum hydropiper, and applications of Polygonum hydropiper.Results The comprehensive analysis of the literature resulted in 324 compounds being isolated, identified, and reported from PH. Regarding traditional uses, the majority of phytochemical and pharmacological studies have indicated the diverse bioactivities of PH extracts, flavonoids, and volatile oil elements, including antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory.Conclusions PH has a long history of diversified medicinal uses, some of which have been verified in modern pharmacological studies. Further detailed studies are required to establish scientific and reasonable quality evaluation standards and action mechanisms of active constituents from PH.Yi-Dan KongYing QiNa CuiZhi-Hong ZhangNa WeiChang-Fu WangYuan-Ning ZengYan-Ping SunHai-Xue KuangQiu-Hong WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleFlavonoidsvolatile oilsantibacterial and antifungal effectsantifeedant and insecticidal effectstraditional and modern clinical applicationsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 799-814 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:92417d74df3c422eaef8baec3658f08d2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Isoalantolactone suppresses gallbladder cancer progression via inhibiting the ERK signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21916451744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/92417d74df3c422eaef8baec3658f08d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2191645https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant tumour of the biliary tract. Isoalantolactone (IAL), an active sesquiterpene lactone compound isolated from the roots of Inula helenium L. (Asteraceae), has antitumour effects.Objective This study investigates the effects of IAL on GBC.Materials and methods In vitro, NOZ and GBC-SD cells were treated with IAL (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM) for 24 h. The DMSO-treated cells were selected as a control. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were measured by the CCK-8 assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry and western blot. In vivo, subcutaneous tumour xenografts were constructed by injecting nude mice (BALB/C) with 5 × 106 NOZ cells. Mice were divided into the control group (equal amount of DMSO), the IAL group (10 mg/kg/day) and the IAL + Ro 67-7476 group (IAL, 10 mg/kg/day; Ro 67-7476, 4 mg/kg/day). The study duration was 30 days.Results Compared with the DMSO group, cell proliferation of NOZ (IC50 15.98 μM) and GBC-SD (IC50 20.22 μM) was inhibited by about 70% in the IAL 40 μM group. Migration and invasion were suppressed by about 80%. Cell apoptosis rate was increased about three-fold. The phosphorylation level of ERK was decreased to 30–35%. Tumour volume and weight (about 80% reduction) were suppressed by IAL in vivo. Moreover, the effects of IAL were abolished by Ro 67-7476 in vitro and in vivo.Discussion and conclusions Our findings indicate that IAL could inhibit GBC progression in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the ERK signalling pathway.Xingyu LvYuqi LinXi ZhuXiujun CaiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIALtraditional Chinese medicineantitumour drugRo 67-7476MAPKTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 556-567 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:8c04353ee5944318bb378d62b05a843d2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Advances for pharmacological activities of Polygonum cuspidatum - A review10.1080/13880209.2022.21583491744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/8c04353ee5944318bb378d62b05a843d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2158349https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc (Polygonaceae), the root of which is included in the Chinese Pharmcopoeia under the name ‘Huzhang', has a long history as a medicinal plant and vegetable. Polygonum cuspidatum has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammation, hyperlipemia, etc.Objective This article reviews the pharmacological action and the clinical applications of Polygonum cuspidatum and its extracts, whether in vivo or in vitro. We also summarized the main phytochemical constituents and pharmacokinetics of Polygonum cuspidatum and its extracts.Methods The data were retrieved from major medical databases, such as CNKI, PubMed, and SinoMed, from 2014 to 2022. Polygonum cuspidatum, pharmacology, toxicity, clinical application, and pharmacokinetics were used as keywords.Results The rhizomes, leaves, and flowers of Polygonum cuspidatum have different phytochemical constituents. The plant contains flavonoids, anthraquinones, and stilbenes. Polygonum cuspidatum and the extracts have anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, anticancer, heart protection, and other pharmacological effects. It is used in the clinics to treat dizziness, headaches, traumatic injuries, and water and fire burns.Conclusions Polygonum cuspidatum has the potential to treat many diseases, such as arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, and cardiac hypertrophy. It has a broad range of medicinal applications, but mainly focused on root medication; its aerial parts should receive more attention. Pharmacokinetics also need to be further investigated.Jia KeMeng-Ting LiShuyang XuJianpeng MaMing-Yuan LiuYan HanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHuzhanganti-inflammatoryanticancerheart protectionpharmacokineticsChinese herbTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 177-188 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:8aff1db7663c4411b48aaa226c7a16072024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Danggui-Buxue decoction alleviated vascular senescence in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22307531744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/8aff1db7663c4411b48aaa226c7a16072023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2230753https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext As a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Recent studies indicated that the increased cardiovascular risk in patients with OSA may be mediated by accelerated vascular senescence. Danggui-Buxue decoction (DBD) has been used for treating cardiovascular diseases, but its mechanism of vascular senescence regulation is still unclear.Objective To investigate the effect of DBD on vascular senescence in mice exposed to CIH and to explore the role of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.Materials and methods C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into Normoxia control group (CON), CIH (21%-5% O2, 20 times/h, 8 h/d) exposed group (CIH), and DBD treatment group (intragastrically treated with 2.34, 4.68, or 9.36 g/kg/day of DBD separately for 12 weeks as DBL, DBM, or DBH). Blood pressure, cardiac and vascular function, vascular senescence, inflammation response, oxidative stress, and Nrf2/HO-1 expression were determined.Results DBD (4.68 and 9.36 g/kg) significantly decreased Tail-cuff blood pressure, increased left ventricular systolic function, and alleviated arterial stiffness and vasorelaxation dysfunction in mice exposed to CIH. DBD treatment reduced SA-β-gal activity, decreased p16 (0.68-fold, 0.62-fold), P21 (0.58-fold, 0.52-fold), and p53 expressions (0.67-fold, 0.65-fold), and increased SIRT1 expression (2.22-fold, 2.98-fold) in the aortic. DBD treatment decreased IL-6, NF-κB, and TNF-α expressions, decreased MDA but increased SOD levels, and increased Nrf2 (1.8-fold, 1.89-fold) and HO-1 (2.25-fold, 2.43-fold) expression.Discussion and conclusions DBD could attenuate vascular senescence accelerated by CIH exposure through inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.Dongli LiJianchao SiYajing GuoBingbing LiuXue ChenKerong QiShengchang YangEnsheng JiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleObstructive sleep apneaagingoxidative stressinflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1041-1053 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:893c4383c89440b59acbe70cea5e01b42024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Liver protective effect of chloroform extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaves is attributed partly to its antioxidant action and the presence of flavonoids10.1080/13880209.2023.22415101744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/893c4383c89440b59acbe70cea5e01b42023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2241510https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Bauhinia purpurea L. (Fabaceae) is used in the Ayurvedic system to treat various oxidative-related ailments (e.g., wounds, ulcers etc.). Therefore, it is believed that the plant also has the potential to alleviate oxidative-related liver damage.Objective This study elucidates the hepatoprotective activity of chloroform extract of B. purpurea leaves (CEBP) in paracetamol (PCM)-induced liver injury (PILI) rats.Materials and methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6) were pre-treated once daily (p.o.) with CEBP (50–500 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days before being administered (p.o.) a hepatotoxic agent, 3 g/kg PCM. Liver enzyme levels were determined from the collected blood, while the collected liver was used to determine the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and for histopathological examination. CEBP was also subjected to radical scavenging assays and phytochemical analysis.Results CEBP significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the toxic effect of PCM by increasing the serum levels of AST and ALT, and the activity of endogenous catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) while reducing the liver weight/body weight (LW/BW) ratio. Other than low TPC value and radical scavenging activity, CEBP had a high antioxidant capacity when evaluated using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. UHPLC-ESI-MS analysis of CEBP showed the presence of flavonoids.Discussion and conclusions CEBP exerts its hepatoprotective activity through a non-free radical scavenging pathway that involves activation of the endogenous enzymatic antioxidant defense system. Further study is needed to identify the responsible bioactive compounds before the plant can be developed as a future alternative hepatoprotective medicament for clinical use.Zainul Amiruddin ZakariaAdibah SahmatAzfar Hizami AzmiAmal Syahirah Nur ZainolMaizatul Hasyima OmarTavamani BalanArifah Abdul KadirSyahriel AbdullahRoro AzizahLilis SulistyoriniTaylor & Francis GrouparticleLiver injuryparacetamol intoxicationhepatoprotectionnon-free radical scavengingendogenous antioxidant enzymes systemTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1152-1161 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:88de399ed6ff4207b634a5c9a3d8481c2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Protective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on sepsis via the AMPK/mTOR pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21680181744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/88de399ed6ff4207b634a5c9a3d8481c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168018https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection, with high morbidity and mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) have reported biological activities.Objective This study explored the signaling pathways through which ω-3 PUFAs protect against sepsis-induced multiorgan failure.Materials and methods Septic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model was established by the cecum ligation perforation (CLP) method. Rats were divided into control, sham, model, parenteral ω-3 PUFAs (0.5 g/kg) treatment, ω-3 PUFAs (0.5 g/kg) + AMPK inhibitor Compound C (30 mg/kg) treatment, and ω-3 PUFAs (0.5 g/kg) + mTOR activator MHY1485 (10 mg/kg) treatment groups. The serum inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA. Organ damage-related markers cTnI, CK, CK-MB, Cr, BUN, ALT, and AST were measured using an automated chemical analyzer. The AMPK/mTOR pathway in liver, kidney, and myocardial tissues was detected using western blot and qRT-PCR methods.Results CLP treatment enhanced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and multi-organ related markers, along with increased p-AMPK/AMPK ratio (from 0.47 to 0.87) and decreased p-mTOR/mTOR ratio (from 0.33 to 0.12) in rats. The inflammation response and multi-organ injury induced by CLP treatment could be partially counteracted by 0.5 g/kg parenteral ω-3 PUFA treatment. The activated AMPK/mTOR pathway in CLP-induced rats was further promoted. Finally, Compound C and MHY1485 could reverse the effects of parenteral ω-3 PUFA treatment on sepsis rats.Discussion and conclusion ω-3 PUFAs ameliorated sepsis development by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway, serving as a potent therapeutic agent for sepsis. Further in vivo studies may validate potential clinical use.Peng LiuMing LiWei WuAnjie LiuHonglin HuQin LiuChengzhi YiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCecum ligation perforationorgan injuryinflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 306-315 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:808e0b55c20b496c83c9378670ccd3f82024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Chaihu Shugan San promotes gastric motility in rats with functional dyspepsia by regulating Drp-1-mediated ICC mitophagy10.1080/13880209.2023.21669661744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/808e0b55c20b496c83c9378670ccd3f82023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2166966https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Chaihu Shugan San (CHSGS) was effective in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD).Objective To investigate the mechanism of CHSGS in FD through dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp-1)-mediated interstitial cells of cajal (ICC) mitophagy.Materials and methods Forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control, model, mdivi-1, mdivi-1 + CHSGS and CHSGS groups. Tail-clamping stimulation was used to establish the FD model. Mdivi-1 + CHSGS and CHSGS groups were given CHSGS aqueous solution (4.8 g/kg) by gavage twice a day. Mdivi-1 (25 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally once every other week for 4 w. Mitochondrial damage was observed by corresponding kits and related protein expressions were assessed by Immunofluorescence and (or) Western Blot.Results Compared with the mean value of the control group, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and citrate synthase (CS) in the model group were decreased by 11% and 35%; malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased by 1.2- and 2.8-times; ckit fluorescence and protein expressions were decreased by 85% and 51%, co-localization expression of LC3 and voltage dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), Drp-1 and translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (Tom20) were increased by 10.1- and 5.4-times; protein expressions of Drp-1, Beclin-1, and LC3 were increased by 0.5-, 1.4-, and 2.5-times whereas p62 was decreased by 43%. After mdivi-1 and (or) CHSGS intervention, the above situation has been improved.Discussion and conclusion CHSGS could improve mitochondrial damage and promote gastric motility in FD rats by regulating Drp-1-mediated ICC mitophagy.Li LiQingling JiaXiangxiang WangYujiao WangChenheng WuJun CongJianghong LingTaylor & Francis GrouparticleChinese medicine formulafunctional gastrointestinal diseases (FGIDs)mdivi-1Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 249-258 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7f9192d88b534648a56da2c5f5eecd892024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Gualou Guizhi decoction promotes therapeutic angiogenesis via the miR210/HIF/VEGF pathway in vivo and in vitro10.1080/13880209.2023.22041421744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7f9192d88b534648a56da2c5f5eecd892023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2204142https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gualou Guizhi decoction (GLGZD) is an ancient Chinese classical prescription widely used to treat ischemic stroke. However, the molecular mechanisms of GLGZD promoting angiogenesis are unavailable.Objective This study investigates the angiogenesis effect of GLGZD as well as its mechanism.Materials and methods Ischemic stroke was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The GLGZD groups received GLGZD (3.6, 7.2 and 14.4 g/kg) orally. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was constructed in HUVECs receiving GLGZD medicated serum (MS). MRI, H&E staining, qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence methods were employed. miRNA210 inhibitor was employed to confirm the effects of GLGZD on promoting angiogenesis. Dual luciferase assay was used to verify the binding of miRNA210 with HIF mRNA.Results GLGZD treatment improved neurological function (by 27%), alleviated neuronal injury (by 76%), reduced infarct volume (by 74%) and increased microvessel density (by fourfold) in vivo. In vitro data had also shown that GLGZD caused proliferation of the cells (by 58%), their migration, and eventual formation of tubes (by threefold). Simultaneously, GLGZD enhanced the levels of angiogenesis-related molecules and activated the HIF/VEGF signalling pathway. Surprisingly, the beneficial effects of GLGZD on post-stroke angiogenesis and neurological recovery were weakened by miRNA210 inhibitor, and also abolished the mediation of proangiogenic factors. miRNA210 directly targeted HIF mRNA.Discussion and conclusions GLGZD enhances angiogenesis via activation of the miRNA210/HIF/VEGF signalling pathway, suggesting it can be a novel application as an effective angiogenic formula for stroke recovery.Yuqin ZhangYajun CaoYan LiLijuan XiaoWei XuWen XuMei HuangXiaoqin ZhangYaping ChenLihong NanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIschemic strokeneuroprotectionneurological recoveryPKCeNOSTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 779-789 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7e1116a90e36479491c0c0e65223556d2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Nardostachys jatamansi and levodopa combination alleviates Parkinson’s disease symptoms in rats through activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NLRP3 signaling pathways10.1080/13880209.2023.22441761744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7e1116a90e36479491c0c0e65223556d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244176https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Levodopa combined with traditional Chinese medicine has a synergistic effect on Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, we demonstrated that Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC. [syn. Patrinia jatamansi D.Don, N. grandiflora DC.] (Valerianaceae) (NJ) can alleviate PD.Objective To explore the synergistic effect of NJ combined with levodopa against PD.Materials and methods The PD model was established by injecting rotenone. Eighty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups: sham, model, different doses of NJ (0.31, 0.62, or 1.24 g/kg) combined with levodopa (25 mg/kg), and levodopa alone (25 and 50 mg/kg) groups. The synergistic effect of the combination was investigated by pharmacodynamic investigation and detection of expression of nuclear factor erythro2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NLR family proteins containing Pyrin-related domain 3 (NLRP3) pathways.Results Compared with the model group, NJ + levodopa (1.24 g/kg + 25 mg/kg) increased the moving distance of PD rats in the open field (2395.34 ± 668.73 vs. 1501.41 ± 870.23, p < 0.01), enhanced the stay time on the rotating rod (84.86 ± 18.15 vs. 71.36 ± 17.53, p < 0.01) and the combination was superior to other treatments. The synergistic effects were related to NJ + levodopa (1.24 g/kg + 25 mg/kg) increasing the neurotransmitter levels by 38.80%-88.67% in PD rats, and inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 pathway by activating Nrf2 pathway.Discussion and conclusions NJ combined with levodopa is a promising therapeutic candidate for PD, which provides a scientific basis for the subsequent clinical combination therapy of levodopa to enhance the anti-PD effect.Jiayuan LiJiahe YuJianyou GuoJinfeng LiuGuohui WanXiaojia WeiXue YangJinli ShiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleDyskinesianeurotransmittersdopaminergic neuronsnardosinonemolecular dockingoxidative stressTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1175-1185 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7e0c8bf76ef14598a9b815ea468e63652024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Investigating material basis and molecular mechanism of Qing Cuo formula in the treatment of acne based on animal experiments, UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and network pharmacology10.1080/13880209.2023.22255461744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7e0c8bf76ef14598a9b815ea468e63652023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2225546https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Qing Cuo Formula (QCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acne, but its active compounds and molecular mechanisms are unclear.Objective To investigate the material basis and molecular mechanism of QCF.Materials and methods In vivo experiments were conducted on 60 male golden hamsters with damp-heat acne, with a blank group, a spironolactone group and 3 QCF administration groups (given high, medium and low doses) over a 30-day period. Serum androgen and inflammatory cytokine levels were tested by ELISA. In vitro, chemical compositions of QCF were investigated by UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS. Network pharmacology approaches were used to analyse the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and QCF active compounds-intersection targets-acne network. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis was conducted subsequently.Results Low-dose QCF group (11.4 g/kg/day) showed significantly reduced levels of serum T (4.94 ± 0.36; 5.51 ± 0.36 ng/mL), DHT (6.67 ± 0.61; 8.09 ± 0.59 nmol/L), E2 (209.01 ± 20.92; 237.08 ± 13.94 pg/mL), IL-1α (36.84 ± 3.23; 44.07 ± 4.00 pg/mL) and FFA (128.32 ± 10.94; 148.00 ± 12.12 µmol/L) compared to the blank group (p < 0.05). In vitro experiments identified 75 compounds in QCF decoction, with 27 active compounds absorbed in serum. Network pharmacology identified 6 active components connecting 17 targets. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that QCF’s anti-acne targets mainly regulate extracellular matrix function, inflammatory processes, immune response and endocrine function.Conclusions This study provides evidence of the molecular mechanism and material basis of QCF in treating androgen-related damp-heat acne, paving the way for further research on its potential in treating other conditions related to damp-heat constitution.Yanqi CaoJinfeng LiangChunguo WangXuejie BaoSiqi LiQi LiuBin ZengDavid Humberto LopezRuoxi YuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTCM formulapharmacological effectserum medicinal chemistryandrogensinflammatory cytokinesTCM constitutionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 973-985 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7b8d8e4869a74f008a2958e8c5937e572024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Therapeutic effects of Bombax ceiba flower aqueous extracts against loperamide-induced constipation in mice10.1080/13880209.2022.21578411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7b8d8e4869a74f008a2958e8c5937e572023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157841https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Bombax ceiba Linnaeus (Bombacaceae) is known as silk cotton tree, the flowers of which are used in many medicinal applications.Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of B. ceiba flower aqueous extracts (BCE) against loperamide-induced constipation and characterize the chemical composition of BCE.Materials and methods Sixty male Kunming mice were divided into control (saline), model (10 mg/kg loperamide + saline), phenolphthalein (10 mg/kg loperamide + 10 mg/kg phenolphthalein) and different dosage of BCE (10 mg/kg loperamide + 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg BCE, respectively) groups, and received intragastric administrations for eight days. Faecal water content, number of faeces, first black-stool defecation time and gastrointestinal transit rates were evaluated. Various biochemical and molecular biomarkers were assessed in blood and colon. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was used to tentatively identify the composition of the BCE.Results BCE treatment (160 mg/kg) could increase faecal water (15.75%), faeces number (11.65%), gastrointestinal transit rate (25.37%) and decrease first black-stool defecation time (24.04%). The BCE (80 mg/kg) increased the serum level of motilin (30.62%), gastrin (54.46%) and substance P (18.99%), and decreased somatostatin (19.47%). Additionally, the BCE (160 mg/kg) reduced the mucosal damage, restored colonic goblet cell function, down-regulated the protein expression of AQP3 (33.60%) and increased c-kit protein expression (11.63%). Twelve known compounds, including protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin, previously reported in B. ceiba, were identified in the BCE.Discussion and conclusions This study suggested that BCE is a promising agent for the treatment of constipation.Liuping WangShiyuan XieXuan JiangCaini XuYouqiong WangJianfang FengBin YangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMotilingastrinsubstance PsomatostatinAQP3c-kitTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 125-134 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7abcced97f494fffb9cbffc18dc616dd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Schisandrin B promotes senescence of activated hepatic stellate cell via NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy10.1080/13880209.2023.21899081744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7abcced97f494fffb9cbffc18dc616dd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2189908https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Schisandrin B (Sch B), an active ingredient from Schisandrae chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Schisandraceae) Fructus, possesses diverse pharmacological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotection.Objective To explore the effect of Sch B on activated HSCs senescence in hepatic fibrosis and the mechanisms implicated.Materials and methods ICR mice with CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis were supplemented with Sch B (40 mg/kg) for 30 d and LX2 cells were treated with Sch B (5, 10 and 20 μM) for 24 h. Cellular senescence was assessed by senescence-related indicators senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and the expression of p16, p21, p53, γ-H2AX, H3K9me3, TERT, TRF1, and TRF2. Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and NCOA4 siRNA were used to evaluate the mechanisms underlying Sch B’s regulation of cellular senescence.Results Sch B (40 mg/kg) reduced serum levels of AST and ALT (53.2% and 63.6%), alleviated hepatic collagen deposition, and promoted activated HSCs senescence in mice. Treatment with Sch B (20 μM) decreased cell viability to 80.38 ± 4.87% and elevated SA-β-gal activity, with the levels of p16, p21 and p53 increased by 4.5-, 2.9-, and 3.5-fold and the levels of TERT, TRF1 and TRF2 decreased by 2.4-, 2.7-, and 2.6-fold in LX2 cells. FAC (400 μM) enhanced Sch B’s effect mentioned above. NCOA4 siRNA weakened the effects of Sch B on iron deposition and HSCs senescence.Conclusions Sch B could ameliorate hepatic fibrosis through the promotion of activated HSCs senescence, which might be attributed to its induction of NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and subsequent iron overload.Mingyue MaNa WeiJieren YangTingting DingAnping SongLerong ChenShuguo ZhengHuanhuan JinTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCellular senescencenuclear receptor coactivator 4hepatic fibrosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 621-629 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7a59c6827e6f4724ba34e1c579368bc12024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5PI3K/AKT/SERBP-1 pathway regulates Alisma orientalis beverage treatment of atherosclerosis in APOE−/− high-fat diet mice10.1080/13880209.2023.21680201744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7a59c6827e6f4724ba34e1c579368bc12023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168020https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Previously, we found Alisma orientalis beverage (AOB), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, had the potential effect of treating atherosclerosis (AS). The underlying mechanism was still unclear.Objective As an extention of our previous work, to investigate the underlying mechanism of action of AOB in the treatment for AS.Materials and methods Network pharmacology was conducted using SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, DrugBank, Metascape, etc., to construct component-target-pathway networks. In vivo, AS models were induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 consecutive weeks in APOE−/− mice. After the administration of AOB (3.8 g/kg, i.g.) for 8 weeks, we assessed the aortic plaque, four indicators of blood lipids, and expression of the PI3K/AKT/SREBP-1 pathway in liver.Results Network pharmacology showed that PI3K/AKT/SREBP-1 played a role in AOB’s treatment for AS (PI3K: degree = 18; AKT: degree = 17). Moreover, we found that the arterial plaque area and four indicators of blood lipids were all significantly reversed by AOB treatment in APOE−/− mice fed with HFD (plaque area reduced by about 37.75%). In addition, phosphorylated expression of PI3K/AKT and expression of SREBP-1 were obviously increased in APOE−/− mice fed with HFD, which were all improved by AOB (PI3K: 51.6%; AKT: 23.6%; SREBP-1: 40.0%).Conclusions AOB had therapeutic effects for AS by improving blood lipids and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/SERBP-1 pathway in the liver. This study provides new ideas for the treatment of AS, as well as new evidence for the clinical application of AOB.Ruiyi LiuYan SunDong DiXiyuan ZhangBoran ZhuHaoxin WuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicinehigh-fat dietaortic plaquelipid metabolismnetwork pharmacologyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 473-487 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7959cf9810e34004b272385162b47c292024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Transcriptomic analysis reveals the regulatory mechanism underlying the indirubin-mediated amelioration of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice10.1080/13880209.2023.22335651744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7959cf9810e34004b272385162b47c292023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2233565https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists are potential therapeutic agents for ulcerative colitis (UC). Indirubin (IDR), which is a natural AhR ligand approved for leukemia treatment, ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of IDR are unknown, limiting its application.Objective This study explores the therapeutic mechanisms of IDR in DSS-induced colitis using transcriptomic analysis.Materials and methods Male BALB/c mice were categorized to six groups: normal, DSS model (2% DSS), IDR treatment (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg), and sulfasalazine (520 mg/kg) groups. The drugs were intragastrically administered for 7 consecutive days. The disease activity index (DAI) was recorded. After euthanasia, the colon length was measured, and histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry staining using F4/80, and colonic transcriptomic analysis were conducted. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) were conducted to verify our findings.Results Compared with DSS, IDR treatment decreased the DAI score by 64.9% and increased colon length by 26.2%. Moreover, it alleviated mucosal injury and reduced macrophage infiltration. Transcriptomic analysis identified several downregulated genes (Igkvs and Nlrp3), as well as Nlrp3/Il1β and hemoglobin gene networks, after IDR treatment. The abundances of NF-κB p65, NLRP3, IL-1β, and HBA decreased by 69.1, 59.4, 81.1, and 83.0% respectively, after IDR treatment.Discussion and conclusion Apart from the well-documented NF-κB signalling pathway, IL-17A, and NLRP3-IL-1β, the suppression of haemoglobin-induced lipid peroxidation could be a previously unknown mechanism of IDR. Our study can help improve its application for UC treatment.Zhe LiuJin-ru ZhangYong-xiang HuangXue-ying LiHai-peng ZhuRui-yi YangSong ChenTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)hemoglobin (Hb)interleukin-17A (IL-17A)NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1082-1093 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:72752249f6cb4ef1af4b347761a038ac2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Danggui Buxue decoction alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression by regulating β-hydroxybutyric acid metabolism and suppressing oxidative stress10.1080/13880209.2023.22016061744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/72752249f6cb4ef1af4b347761a038ac2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2201606https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) is an effective complementary medicine in alleviating myelosuppression after chemotherapy (MAC). However, its mechanism of action is elusive.Objective To illustrate that regulating β-hydroxybutyric acid (β-OHB) metabolism and suppressing oxidative stress could be a potential mechanism of action for DBD in alleviating MAC.Materials and methods After HPLC quantification and dose testing (3, 6 and 10 g/kg, gavage) of DBD, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, cyclophosphamide (CTX) (30 mg/kg CTX for 5 days, intraperitoneal administration) and CTX + DBD groups (6 g/kg DBD for 14 days, gavage). Blood cell counts, thigh bone histological examination, β-OHB levels, oxidative stress indices and HDAC1 activity were tested. The biological function of β-OHB was verified in vitro (hBMSC cells were incubated in culture mediums that contained 40 μM CTX and β-OHB in 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 mM) and in vivo (MAC rat model, 3 g/kg β-OHB for 14 days, gavage).Results Rats in the CTX + DBD group showed upregulated blood cell counts (118–243%), β-OHB levels (495 nmol/mL in blood, 122 nmol/mg in marrow supernatant) and downregulated HDAC1 activity (59%), and oxidative stress indices (60–85%). In vitro, 5 mM β-OHB improved hBMSC cell migration (123%) and proliferation (131%). In vivo, rats treated with 3 g/kg β-OHB showed upregulated blood cell counts (121–182%) and downregulated HDAC1 activity (64%) and oxidative stress indices (65–83%).Discussion and conclusions DBD, a traditional Chinese medicine, alleviates MAC by intervening in β-OHB metabolism and oxidative stress.Yiqiao GaoYixin ZhangWei LiuNan ZhangQinghe GaoJingfang ShangguanNa LiYing ZhaoYanlong JiaTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicinemyelosuppression after chemotherapyendogenous metaboliteshistone 1 deacetylasehematopoietic microenvironmentTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 710-721 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:71498912e0ea43d2966d9123ed19aef22024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The effective constituent puerarin, from Pueraria lobata, inhibits the proliferation and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle in atherosclerosis through the miR-29b-3p/IGF1 pathway10.1080/13880209.2022.20994301744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/71498912e0ea43d2966d9123ed19aef22023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2099430https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Fabaceae) has a positive effect on improving these diseases.Objective The P. lobata effect on the proliferation and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle in AS and the potential mechanism were investigated.Materials and methods By feeding a high-fat diet to 8-week-old apolipoprotein E knockout mice, an atherosclerosis model was created. H&E and IHC staining were used to analyse the histopathology of mice. CCK-8, TUNEL, and scratch tests were used to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration after 24 h treatment, respectively. ELISA was performed to evaluate the level of IL-6 and IL-8. The target miRNA and its downstream target gene were screened by the bioinformatics method; RT-qPCR has conducted to analyse the expression of these genes.Results In the aortic tissue and serum of AS mice, puerarin can lower the expression of α-SMA and the inflammatory proteins IL-6 and IL-8. Puerarin (200 M) decreased hVSMC proliferation, migration, and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by more than half. The inhibitory impact of puerarin on hVSMC was decreased by overexpression of miR-29b-3p. IGF1 was miR-29b-3p's downstream target gene. IGF1 expression increased almost 3-fold in AS mice and hVSMC, but miR-29b-3p mimic inhibited it. The effect of miR-29b-3p on hVSMC was reversed when IGF1 was overexpressed.Discussion and conclusions Puerarin inhibits the proliferation and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle in AS through the miR-29b-3p/IGF1 pathway. Puerarin may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of atherosclerosis and offer a novel therapy option.Jianpeng LiYanan LiXiangke YuanDengfeng YaoZongyue GaoZhaoyang NiuZheng WangYue ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInflammatory factorshVSMCTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:713592cfab8d46a6988f11ba58f52c5f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Biological effects of bergamot and its potential therapeutic use as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer agent10.1080/13880209.2023.21970101744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/713592cfab8d46a6988f11ba58f52c5f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2197010https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext: Bergamot, mainly produced in the Ionian coastal areas of Southern Italy (Calabria), has been used since 1700 for its balsamic and medicinal properties. Phytochemical profiling has confirmed that bergamot juices are rich in flavonoids, including flavone and flavanone glycosides which are responsible for its beneficial effects.Objective: Recently, it was shown that the combination of natural compounds with conventional treatments improves the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Natural compounds with anticancer properties attack cancerous cells without being toxic to healthy cells. Bergamot can induce cytotoxic and apoptotic effects and prevent cell proliferation in various cancer cells.Methods: In this review, the antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of bergamot are described. Information was compiled from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the key words ‘bergamot’ accompanied by ‘inflammation’ and, ‘cancer’ for data published from 2015–2021.Results: In vitro and in vivo studies provided evidence that different forms of bergamot (extract, juice, essential oil, and polyphenolic fraction) can affect several mechanisms that lead to anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects that decrease cell growth, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.Conclusions: Considering the effects of bergamot and its new formulations, we affirm the importance of its rational use in humans and illustrate how bergamot can be utilized in clinical applications. Numerous studies evaluated the effect of new bergamot formulations that can affect the absorption and, therefore, the final effects by altering the therapeutic profile of bergamot and enhancing the scientific knowledge of bergamot.Sabrina AdorisioIsabella MuscariAlessandra FierabracciTrinh Thi ThuyMaria Cristina MarchettiEmira AyroldiDomenico Vittorio DelfinoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCitrus bergamiaethnomedicineflavonoidpolyphenolic fraction of bergamotantiproliferativepro-apoptoticTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 639-646 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:6fb2b2cd94d84dd8bc5744fe99e2a7272024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Ligustrazine inhibits inflammatory response of human endometrial stromal cells through the STAT3/IGF2BP1/RELA axis10.1080/13880209.2023.21958831744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/6fb2b2cd94d84dd8bc5744fe99e2a7272023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2195883https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Endometriosis (EMs) is a gynecological disorder. Ligustrazine has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on EMs. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood.Objective To investigate the effects of ligustrazine on the progression of EMs and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.Materials and methods Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were isolated from patients with EMs or control subjects. HESCs were treated with 25, 50, 100, or 200 μM ligustrazine for 1, 3, 6, or 12 h. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine the levels of proteins and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. The binding between STAT3 and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The relationship between IGF2BP1 and RELA was assessed by RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assay.Results Phosphorylated STAT3, IGF2BP1, RELA, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were upregulated in EMs tissues compared with control tissues (by 1.79-, 2.55-, 1.58-, 3.01-, 2.55-, and 3.34-fold, respectively). Ligustrazine inhibited the expression of p-STAT3, IGF2BP1, RELA, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Overexpression of STAT3 promoted RELA-mediated inflammatory responses, while ligustrazine (100 µM) notably reversed this phenomenon. Ligustrazine also alleviated RELA-induced inflammation via downregulating IGF2BP1. STAT3 bound to the promoter of IGF2BP1, and IGF2BP1 bound to the RELA mRNA.Discussion and conclusion Ligustrazine inhibited inflammation in EMs via regulating the STAT3/IGF2BP1/RELA axis. These findings propose a new agent against EMs and support the development of ligustrazine-based treatment strategies for EMs.Ying FengHan DongLiyan ZhengTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEndometriosisinflammationtumor necrosis factor-αinterleukin-1βinterleukin-6Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 666-673 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:6b947839c7f84b48b589d0f2ea5e04982024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Qiqilian ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting NLRP3-ASC inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro10.1080/13880209.2023.22086171744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/6b947839c7f84b48b589d0f2ea5e04982023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2208617https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Previous studies have highlighted significant therapeutic effects of Qiqilian (QQL) capsule on hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs); however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.Obejective We investigated the potential mechanism by which QQL improves hypertension-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED).Materials and methods In vivo, SHRs were divided into four groups (20 per group) and were administered gradient doses of QQL (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 g/kg) for 8 weeks, while Wistar Kyoto rats were used as normal control. The vascular injury extent, IL-1β and IL-18 levels, NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 contents were examined. In vitro, the effects of QQL-medicated serum on angiotensin II (AngII)-induced inflammatory and autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were assessed.Result Compared with the SHR group, QQL significantly decreased thickness (125.50 to 105.45 μm) and collagen density (8.61 to 3.20%) of arterial vessels, and reduced serum IL-1β (96.25 to 46.13 pg/mL) and IL-18 (345.01 to 162.63 pg/mL) levels. The NLRP3 and ACS expression in arterial vessels were downregulated (0.21- and 0.16-fold, respectively) in the QQL-HD group compared with the SHR group. In vitro, QQL treatment restored NLRP3 and ASC expression, which was downregulated approximately 2-fold compared with that of AngII-induced HUVECs. Furthermore, QQL decreased LC3II and increased p62 contents (p < 0.05), indicating a reduction in autophagosome accumulation. These effects were inhibited by the autophagy agonist rapamycin and enhanced by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine.Conclusion QQL effectively attenuated endothelial injury and inflammation by inhibiting AngII-induced excessive autophagy, which serves as a potential therapeutic strategy for hypertension.Yuan LuoZhenyuan TanYun YeXiaocong MaGuihua YueTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHypertensionangiotensin IIautophagyspontaneously hypertensive ratshuman umbilical vein endothelial cellsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 815-824 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:66ed927667e846779e99acf558ec84cd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Metabolomics reveals the effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on neurogenesis and axon regeneration after experimental traumatic brain injury10.1080/13880209.2023.22293791744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/66ed927667e846779e99acf558ec84cd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2229379https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main bioactive ingredient of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L., [Asteraceae]) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment.Objective To explore the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of HSYA on post-TBI neurogenesis and axon regeneration.Materials and methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into Sham, controlled cortex impact (CCI), and HSYA groups. Firstly, the modified Neurologic Severity Score (mNSS), foot fault test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl’s staining, and immunofluorescence of Tau1 and doublecortin (DCX) were used to evaluate the effects of HSYA on TBI at the 14th day. Next, the effectors of HSYA on post-TBI neurogenesis and axon regeneration were screened out by pathology-specialized network pharmacology and untargeted metabolomics. Then, the core effectors were validated by immunofluorescence.Results HSYA alleviated mNSS, foot fault rate, inflammatory cell infiltration, and Nissl’s body loss. Moreover, HSYA increased not only hippocampal DCX but also cortical Tau1 and DCX following TBI. Metabolomics demonstrated that HSYA significantly regulated hippocampal and cortical metabolites enriched in ‘arginine metabolism’ and ‘phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism’ including l-phenylalanine, ornithine, l-(+)-citrulline and argininosuccinic acid. Network pharmacology suggested that neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were the core nodes in the HSYA-TBI-neurogenesis and axon regeneration network. In addition, BDNF and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) were significantly elevated following HSYA treatment in the cortex and hippocampus.Discussion and conclusions HSYA may promote TBI recovery by facilitating neurogenesis and axon regeneration through regulating cortical and hippocampal metabolism, BDNF and STAT3/GAP43 axis.En HuTeng LiZhilin LiHong SuQiuju YanLei WangHaigang LiWei ZhangTao TangYang WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNetwork pharmacologybrain-derived neurotrophic factorsignal transducer and activator of transcription 3growth-associated protein 43cortexhippocampusTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1054-1064 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:636a45e15dfc44a5a189fdb0066094242024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Gastric protective effect of Alpinia officinarum flavonoids: mediating TLR4/NF-κB and TRPV1 signalling pathways and gastric mucosal healing10.1080/13880209.2022.21520581744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/636a45e15dfc44a5a189fdb0066094242023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2152058https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Our previous studies have found that total flavonoid of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae) (F.AOH) had protective effects on gastric ulcer (GU).Objective To investigate the protective mechanism of F.AOH on acetic acid-induced chronic GUs in rats and ethanol-induced GES-1 cells damage.Materials and methods In vivo: Gastric damage was induced in SD rats by administering acetic acid after oral treatment with F-AOH at 54, 27 and 13.5 mg/kg (2 weeks of continuous gavage). After a comprehensive evaluation of rats’ serum and gastric tissue-related indicators, gene transcriptome sequencing, qPCR and Western blotting were used to investigate the mechanism further. In vivo: GES-1 cells were incubated with F-AOH (8, 4 and 2 μg/mL) for 16 h and treated with 7% ethanol for 4 h. Transwell and flow cytometry were employed to detect migration and apoptosis of cells.Results F.AOH effectively reduced the area of GUs in rats (from 11.2 ± 1.89 to 2.19 ± 0.95), reversing ethanol-induced cells apoptosis (from 23 ± 1.3 to 8.11 ± 0.93%). It also inhibited the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and iNOS proteins, decreasing the levels of TNF-α IL-6 in serum, improving oxidative stress levels and increasing the expression of Bcl-2/Bax dimer genes. In addition, 4005 differentially expressed genes between the acetic acid model and the drug groups. Through experimental verification, F.AOH can inhibit the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway and TRPV1 receptor.Conclusions F.AOH, as an effective gastric protective plant component, had potential therapeutic value in anti-inflammatory pain and antioxidative stress gastrointestinal diseases.Kaiwen LinTang DengHuijuan QuHongya OuQifeng HuangBingmiao GaoXiaoliang LiNa WeiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGastric ulcergastric healinganti-inflammatorygastric epithelial cellRNA-sequencingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 50-60 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:61667fd55df94b22a1011cf8f02e00892024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Biological activities of Viscum tuberculatum aqueous leaf extract10.1080/13880209.2022.21510211744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/61667fd55df94b22a1011cf8f02e00892023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2151021https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContent Plant-based natural products have served as sources of remedies against pathogenic microorganisms. Although the biological activities of Viscum (Santalaceae) species are widely recognized, there is no scientific evidence for Viscum tuberculatum A. Rich. in Ethiopia.Objective To investigate the antimicrobial, acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory properties and phytochemical constituents of an aqueous extract of V. tuberculatum from Ethiopia.Materials and methods The antibacterial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of V. tuberculatum was tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of this extract were determined using the broth macrodilution method. The acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract were investigated using standard procedures on female and male white albino mice, aged 8 and 10 weeks, respectively. The phytochemical constituents of V. tuberculatum were determined using LC–MS QTOF.Results The MIC and MBC values against S. aureus were found to be 6.25 and 100 mg/mL. The LD50 value was more than 2000 mg/kg body weight of the mouse. The 400 mg/kg dose exerts 87% inhibition after 5 h of carrageenan injection. Twenty-five different metabolites, mainly flavonoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids, were identified.Conclusions These findings demonstrate the potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract of V. tuberculatum.Abraham YirguYalemtsehay MekonnenAmelework EyadoAlessia StaropoliFrancesco VinaleTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAntibacterial activityanti-inflammatory activityacute toxicitymetaboliteStaphylococcus aureusEscherichia coliTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 30-36 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:6040840fdc5e4ba9bbf53f8f534e36672024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Chinese herbal compound Huangqin Qingrechubi capsule reduces lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response in gouty arthritis via the LncRNA H19/APN/PI3K/AKT cascade10.1080/13880209.2023.21916411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/6040840fdc5e4ba9bbf53f8f534e36672023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2191641https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gouty arthritis (GA) is a characteristically inflammatory disease often associated with lipid metabolism disorder. Huangqin Qingrechubi capsule (HQC) has been used for the treatment of GA.Objective To explore the mechanism of HQC in the treatment of GA.Materials and methods A total of 30 GA patients (GA group) and 30 healthy subjects [normal control (NC) group] were recruited. The GA group was treated with HQC (3.6 g/d) for 10 days. Lipid metabolism and inflammation indexes were detected. Five herbal names of HQC, or ‘gouty arthritis’, ‘hyperlipidemia’ and ‘inflammation’ were used as key words to search related databases for network pharmacological analysis. Subsequently, GA-fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were stimulated with GA-peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (3:1) and treated with HQC drug-containing serum (20%). RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA were conducted to further explore the mechanism of HQC in improving GA.Results In clinical observation, HQC decreased the expression of lncRNA H19 and IL-1β, and increased the expression of adiponectin (APN) and IL-4 in the GA group (about half). Through network pharmacology, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was identified. Cell experiments showed that HQC treatment reduced the viability of GA-FLSs (49.61%), up-regulated the expression of IL-4 (155.18%), IL-10 (165.13%), and APN (31.24%), and down-regulated the expression of lncRNA H19 (33.70%), IL-1β (64.70%), TNF-α (78.32%), p-PI3K (48.80%), and p-AKT (53.48%).Discussion and conclusions HQC improved lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response of GA by regulating the lncRNA H19/APN/PI3K/AKT. Maintaining the stability of lipid metabolism may be an effective way to alleviate GA.Xianheng ZhangJian LiuYanqiu SunQin ZhouXiang DingXiaolu ChenTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInflammationadiponectinfibroblast-like synoviocytesmechanism of actionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 541-555 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5fbd29c133dd4946b0e427bb327d99372024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Baicalein attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibroblast senescence and lung fibrosis through restoration of Sirt3 expression10.1080/13880209.2022.21607671744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/5fbd29c133dd4946b0e427bb327d99372023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2160767https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Fibroblast senescence was reported to contribute to the pathological development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and baicalein is reported to attenuate IPF.Objective This study explores whether baicalein attenuates lung fibrosis by regulating lung fibroblast senescence.Materials and methods Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly assigned to control, bleomycin (BLM), baicalein and BLM + baicalein groups. Lung fibrosis was established by a single intratracheal dose of BLM (3 mg/kg). The baicalein group received baicalein orally (100 mg/kg/day). Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) siRNA (50 μg) was injected through the tail vein once a week for 2 weeks to explore its effect on the anti-pulmonary fibrosis of baicalein.Results BLM-treated mice exhibited obvious lung fibrosis and fibroblast senescence by showing increased levels of collagen deposition (27.29% vs. 4.14%), hydroxyproline (208.05 vs. 40.16 ng/mg), collagen I (25.18 vs. 9.15 μg/mg), p53, p21, p16, MCP-1, PAI-1, TNF-α, MMP-10 and MMP-12 in lung tissues, which were attenuated by baicalein. Baicalein also mitigated BLM-mediated activation of TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway. Baicalein restored the BLM-induced downregulation of Sirt3 expression in lung tissues and silencing of Sirt3 abolished the inhibitory role of baicalein against BLM-induced lung fibrosis, fibroblast senescence and activation of TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway.Conclusions Baicalein preserved the BLM-induced downregulation of lung Sirt3 expression, and thus the suppression of TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway and lung fibrosis, which might provide an experimental basis for treatment of IPF.Yuan Ji-hongMa YuYuan Ling-hongGong Jing-jingXu Ling-liWang LvJin Yong-meiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTGF-β1idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisSmadTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 288-297 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5ef28a5733704862baed12b61be800a82024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Vitexin suppresses the proliferation, angiogenesis and stemness of endometrial cancer through the PI3K/AKT pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21907741744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/5ef28a5733704862baed12b61be800a82023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2190774https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Endometrial cancer is a common gynecologic malignancy. Vitexin is an active flavonoid compound with an antitumor function.Objective This study elucidated the role of vitexin in endometrial cancer development and clarified the potential mechanism.Materials and methods The toxicity of vitexin (0–80 μM) treatment for 24 h on HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells was tested utilizing the CCK-8 assay. Endometrial cancer cells were divided into vitexin 0, 5, 10, and 20 μM groups. Cell proliferation, angiogenesis and stemness in vitro after treatment with vitexin (0, 5, 10, 20 μM) for 24 h were evaluated using the EdU staining assay, tube formation assay and sphere formation assay, respectively. Twelve BALB/c mice were grouped into control and vitexin (80 mg/kg) groups to monitor tumour growth for 30 days.Results Vitexin suppressed cell viability of HEC-1B (IC50 = 9.89 μM) and Ishikawa (IC50 = 12.35 μM) cells. The proliferation (55.3% and 80% for HEC-1B; 44.7% and 75% for Ishikawa), angiogenesis (54.3% and 78.4% for HEC-1B; 47.1% and 68.2% for Ishikawa) and stemness capacity (57.2% and 87.3% for HEC-1B; 53.4% and 78.4% for Ishikawa) of endometrial cancer cells were inhibited by 10 and 20 μM vitexin. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of vitexin on endometrial cancer were reversed by PI3K/AKT agonist 740Y-P (20 μM). Moreover, the xenograft tumour experiment lasting for 30 days proved that vitexin (80 mg/kg) blocked tumour growth of endometrial cancer in vivo.Discussion and conclusions Vitexin has therapeutic potential on endometrial cancer, which supports further clinical trials.Cuixia LiangYongjie JiangLizhu SunTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHEC-1BIshikawa740Y-PKi-67PCNAVEGFATherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 581-589 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5c1eee4c975840c69935af8276adb4122024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Correction10.1080/13880209.2023.22338151744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/5c1eee4c975840c69935af8276adb4122023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2233815https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116Taylor & Francis GrouparticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1013-1013 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:57a4dd8278494d5898f7f88dc7d37c842024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Tongmai Yangxin pill alleviates myocardial no-reflow by activating GPER to regulate HIF-1α signaling and downstream potassium channels10.1080/13880209.2023.21844811744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/57a4dd8278494d5898f7f88dc7d37c842023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2184481https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYX) has potential clinical effects on no-reflow (NR); however, the effective substances and mechanisms remain unclear.Objective This study evaluates the cardioprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of TMYX against NR.Materials and methods We used a myocardial NR rat model to confirm the effect and mechanism of action of TMYX in alleviating NR. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into Control (Con), sham, NR, TMYX (4.0 g/kg), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 5.0 mg/kg), and received their treatments once a day for one week. In vitro studies in isolated coronary microvasculature of NR rats and in silico network pharmacology analyses were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of TMYX and determine the main components, targets, and pathways of TMYX, respectively.Results TMYX (4.0 g/kg) showed therapeutic effects on NR by improving the cardiac structure and function, reducing NR, ischemic areas, and cardiomyocyte injury, and decreasing the expression of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Moreover, the mechanism of TMYX predicted by network pharmacology is related to the HIF-1, NF-κB, and TNF signaling pathways. In vivo, TMYX decreased the expression of MPO, NF-κB, and TNF-α and increased the expression of GPER, p-ERK, and HIF-1α. In vitro, TMYX enhanced the diastolic function of coronary microvascular cells; however, this effect was inhibited by G-15, H-89, L-NAME, ODQ and four K+ channel inhibitors.Conclusions TMYX exerts its pharmacological effects in the treatment of NR via multiple targets. However, the contribution of each pathway was not detected, and the mechanisms should be further investigated.Ting ChenYulong ZhangManyun ChenPu YangYi WangWei ZhangWeihua HuangWei ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCardioprotective effectsmolecular mechanismsnetwork pharmacologycoronary microvasculatureTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 499-513 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5132317f74ac4c898548fc89462c9dac2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Characterization of potentially health-promoting constituents in sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) cultivated in the Conero Natural Park (Marche region, Central Italy)10.1080/13880209.2023.22248201744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/5132317f74ac4c898548fc89462c9dac2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2224820https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L. [Apiaceae]) is an aromatic herb rich in bioactive molecules, such as polyphenols, with potential positive effects on human health.Objective This study aimed at the characterization of sea fennel secondary metabolites, focusing on the phenolic fraction.Materials and methods Samples of whole sprouts, sole leaves and sole stems were subjected to accelerated solvent extraction with methanol, and the resulting extracts were analyzed by high‑performance thin‑layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-HRMS).Results HPTLC and HPLC analyses of sea fennel extracts showed similar chromatographic profiles among the tested samples, and the prevalence of chlorogenic acid within the phenolic fraction was verified. Ten hydroxycinnamic acids, including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C, 11 flavonoid glycosides, e.g., rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, two triterpene saponins and two hydroxylated fatty acids, were detected and annotated via liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry.Discussion and conclusions The use of accelerated solvent extraction and LC-DAD-HRMS for the characterization of sea fennel secondary metabolites allowed the annotation of seven compounds newly detected in sea fennel, including triterpene saponins and hydroxylated fatty acids.Antonietta MaoloniTeresa PirkerEva-Maria Pferschy-WenzigLucia AquilantiRudolf BauerTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAccelerated solvent extractionchlorogenic acidtriterpene saponinshydroxylated fatty acidsLC/MSTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1030-1040 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:501757b2c4aa4628973d18d0c09b04682024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Investigation of the mechanism of tanshinone IIA to improve cognitive function via synaptic plasticity in epileptic rats10.1080/13880209.2022.21578431744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/501757b2c4aa4628973d18d0c09b04682023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157843https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Tanshinone IIA is an extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae) used to treat cardiovascular disorders. It shows potential anticonvulsant and cognition-protective properties.Objective We investigated the mechanism of tanshinone IIA on antiepileptic and cognition-protective effects in the model of epileptic rats.Materials and methods Lithium chloride (LiCl)-pilocarpine-induced epileptic Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 12): control (blank), model, sodium valproate (VPA, 189 mg/kg/d, positive control), tanshinone IIA low dose (TS IIA-L, 10 mg/kg/d), medium dose (TS IIA-M, 20 mg/kg/d) and high dose (TS IIA-H, 30 mg/kg/d). Then, epileptic behavioural observations, Morris water maze test, Timm staining, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and RT-qPCR were measured.Results Compared with the model group, tanshinone IIA reduced the frequency and severity of seizures, improved cognitive impairment, and inhibited hippocampal mossy fibre sprouting score (TS IIA-M 1.50 ± 0.22, TS IIA-H 1.17 ± 0.31 vs. model 2.83 ± 0.31), as well as improved the ultrastructural disorder. Tanshinone IIA increased levels of synapse-associated proteins synaptophysin (SYN) and postsynaptic dense substance 95 (PSD-95) (SYN: TS IIA 28.82 ± 2.51, 33.18 ± 2.89, 37.29 ± 1.69 vs. model 20.23 ± 3.96; PSD-95: TS IIA 23.10 ± 0.91, 26.82 ± 1.41, 27.00 ± 0.80 vs. model 18.28 ± 1.01).Discussion and conclusions Tanshinone IIA shows antiepileptic and cognitive function-improving effects, primarily via regulating synaptic plasticity. This research generates a theoretical foundation for future research on potential clinical applications for tanshinone IIA.Chen JiaRui ZhangLiming WeiJiao XieSuqin ZhouWen YinXi HuaNan XiaoMeile MaHaisheng JiaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCognitive impairmentepilepsySYNPSD-95mossy fibre sproutingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 100-110 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4f7d641fe9714ff69aa269ad53b0cd6c2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Regulation of bone and fat balance by Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in ovariectomized mice10.1080/13880209.2023.21680191744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/4f7d641fe9714ff69aa269ad53b0cd6c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168019https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), a commonly used herb of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (Oleaceae). The ethanol extract of FLL is a potential candidate for preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by nourishing the liver and kidneys.Objective This study determines whether an ethanol extract of FLL has anti-osteoporotic effects in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and explores the underlying mechanism.Materials and methods The OVX model of eight-week-old C57BL/6J female mice was taken, and ovariectomy was used as PMOP. Mice were divided into five groups: sham-operated group (n = 10), OVX group (n = 10), OVX + E2 group (n = 10; 0.039 mg/kg), OVX + FLL group (n = 10; 2 g/kg) and OVX + FLL group (n = 10; 4 g/kg). Mice were treated by gavage with FLL or CMCNa once daily for 8 weeks. We harvested uteri, femur, and tibias from mice; bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microstructure were obtained by X-ray absorptiometry and micro-CT. Furthermore, the effect of FLL on the balance of osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation was investigated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs).Results The results indicated that FLL did not affect OVX-induced estradiol reduction. Compared with OVX mice, FLL significantly increased BMD (63.54 vs. 61.96), Conn. D (86.46 vs. 57.00), and left tibial strength (13.91 vs. 11.27), decreased Tb. Sp (0.38 vs. 0.44) and body fat content (4.19% vs. 11.24%). FLL decreased osteoclast activity and enhanced RUNX2 expression; inhibited perilipin peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and adipocyte differentiation from BMMSCs.Conclusions FLL prevented additional bone loss and improved bone microstructure in OVX mice by modulating bone and fat balance, suggesting that FLL might be a therapeutic agent for PMOP.Xiaoyan QinQiu WeiRan AnYun YangMingqi CaiXiaoling HanHaoping MaoXiumei GaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleOvariectomyosteoblastogenesisadipogenesispostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP)bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs)Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 391-403 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4f03f8ff20134b2bae504acf4b4b134e2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Repair mechanism of Yishen Tongluo formula on mouse sperm DNA fragmentation caused by polystyrene microplastics10.1080/13880209.2023.21687051744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/4f03f8ff20134b2bae504acf4b4b134e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168705https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Plastics can break down into millions of microplastic (MPs, < 5 mm) particles in the soil and ocean. These MPs can then affect the function of the reproductive system. There is currently no effective solution to this problem aside from traditional Chinese medicine. We have previously used Yishen Tongluo formula (YSTL) to treat sperm DNA damage caused by some toxic substances.Objective To investigate the mechanism underlying the repair of mouse sperm DNA fragmentation caused by polystyrene microplastics by YSTL.Materials and methods An animal model of polystyrene microplastic (PS-MP)-induced sperm DNA damage was replicated by gavage of SPF ICR (CD1) mice PS-MPs at 1 mg/d and treated with YSTL at 11.89, 23.78 and 47.56 g/kg, respectively, for 60 days. The Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of each group was detected and compared. The target genes of YSTL identified by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting.Results The DFI of the PS group (20.66%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (4.23%). The medium and high doses of the YSTL group (12.8% and 11.31%) exhibited a significant repairing effect. The most enriched pathway was PI3K/Akt. TBL1X, SPARC, hnRNP0, Map7D1, Eps8 and Mrpl27 were screened and SPARC was validated.Discussion and conclusions The precise mechanism by which YSTL inhibits PD-MPs DNA damage may be associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway and SPARC. It provides a new direction for using traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and repair reproductive system injury caused by MPs.Chenming ZhangZulong WangSicheng MaRubing ChenShiqi WangHao ZhangZhong HuaZixue SunTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEndocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC)traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA)RNA-seqdata-independent acquisition (DIA)PI3K/Akt pathwayTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 488-498 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4c48b80e4382448c8ce37e5c6624438a2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Chemical profile of the Anatolian Sideritis species with bioactivity studies10.1080/13880209.2023.22802531744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/4c48b80e4382448c8ce37e5c6624438a2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2280253https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae) is represented by 46 species in Turkey with an 79% endemism ratio, 42 of 46 belonging to the section Empodoclia.Objective In this review article, Sideritis species growing in Turkey have been evaluated for phytochemical constituents and biological activities.Methods The data for the isolates, components and extracts of the Anatolian Sideritis species and their bioactivity studies were retrieved from the main databases WoS, Scopus and PubMed from 1975 until 31 December 2022.Results In this review article, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics and other secondary metabolites isolated from Turkish Sideritis species were reported. Anatolian Sideritis species, which primarily consist of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, were studied in detail. Sideritis plants are represented by 46 species in Turkey, and 25 of them were investigated for their diterpenoids through isolation or LC–MS studies. Most of the diterpenoids of Turkish Sideritis species have ent-kaurene skeleton, among them linearol, siderol, 7-epicandicandiol and sideridiol were found to be the main compounds. Exceptionally, labdane, pimarane and beyerene diterpenoids were only found in a few species. For phenolics and flavonoids, only 12 species were investigated until now, and they were found to be rich in phenylethanoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides. In terms of activity, most of the species were tested for antioxidant activity, followed by antimicrobial and anti-ulcer/anti-inflammatory activities. Their cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antinociceptive and antistress activities were less frequently studied.Conclusions Sideritis species should be considered promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of upper respiratory tract and ulcer/inflammatory diseases.Sema ÇarıkçıTurgut KılıçAhmet C. GörenTuncay DirmenciGülbahar Özge Alim ToramanGülaçtı TopçuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleSecondary metabolitesessential oilsiridoidsditerpenoidsphenolicsflavonoidsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1484-1511 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4c347b23bc5449f68c31ca3e52a1de9d2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Effects of puerarin on the intervertebral disc degeneration and biological characteristics of nucleus pulposus cells10.1080/13880209.2022.21475481744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/4c347b23bc5449f68c31ca3e52a1de9d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2147548https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the pathological basis of spinal degenerative diseases. Puerarin (PU) is an isoflavonoid with functions and medicinal properties.Objective To explore the effect of PU on IDD and its potential mechanism of action.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham, IDD, low PU, and high PU groups. Rat nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were isolated and divided into control, IL-1β, 100 and 200 μmol/mL PU, TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor), or 200 μmol/mL PU + LPS (TLR4 activator) groups. The water content, inflammatory factors, proliferation activity, TLR4/NF-κB pathway activity, apoptosis rate, protein expression of apoptosis, and histology of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were analysed.Results In vivo: Compared with the IDD group, disorganization of intervertebral disc tissue was significantly improved, water content (2.80 ± 0.24 mg, 3.91 ± 0.31 mg vs. 2.02 ± 0.21 mg) and expression levels of collagen II and aggrecan were significantly increased, and the levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, and p-p65 were significantly decreased in IDD rats treated with PU. In vitro: Compared with the IL-1β group, the proliferation activity of IL-1β-treated NPCs and the expression of collagen II and aggrecan were significantly increased, while the apoptosis rate, levels of inflammatory factors, and the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, and p-p65 were significantly decreased in IL-1β-treated NPCs treated with PU. LPS reversed the biological function changes of IL-1β-treated NPCs induced by PU.Conclusions PU can delay the progression of IDD by inhibiting activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Hengtao TangSong ZhangXinchang LuTongyu GengTaylor & Francis GrouparticleApoptosisinflammationextracellular matrixtoll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κBTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 12-22 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:47394c72e9bf4250a4d092c0c7ad0a1c2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Kazinol B protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiac injury by modulating the AKT/AMPK/Nrf2 signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21732471744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/47394c72e9bf4250a4d092c0c7ad0a1c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173247https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Kazinol B (KB), an isoprenylated flavan derived from Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb. (Moraceae) root, has long been used in folk medicine.Objective This study examines the protective effects of KB and its underlying mechanisms in hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiac injury in H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts.Materials and methods H9c2 cells were incubated with various concentrations of KB (0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 30 μM) for 2 h and then subjected to H/R insults. The protective effects of KB and its underlying mechanisms were explored.Results KB significantly elevated cell viability (1 μM, 1.21-fold; 3 μM, 1.36-fold, and 10 μM, 1.47-fold) and suppressed LDH release (1 μM, 0.77-fold; 3 μM, 0.68-fold, and 10 μM, 0.59-fold) in H/R-induced H9c2 cells. Further, 10 μM KB blocked apoptotic cascades, as shown by the Annexin-V/PI (0.41-fold), DNA fragmentation (0.51-fold), caspase-3 (0.52-fold), PARP activation (0.27-fold) and Bax/Bcl-2 expression (0.28-fold) assays. KB (10 μM) downregulated reactive oxygen species production (0.51-fold) and lipid peroxidation (0.48-fold); it upregulated the activities of GSH-Px (2.08-fold) and SOD (1.72-fold). KB (10 μM) induced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation (1.94-fold) and increased ARE promoter activity (2.15-fold), HO-1 expression (3.07-fold), AKT (3.07-fold) and AMPK (3.07-fold) phosphorylation. Nrf2 knockdown via using Nrf2 siRNA abrogated KB-mediated protective effects against H/R insults. Moreover, pharmacological inhibitors of AKT and AMPK also abrogated KB-induced Nrf2 activation and its protective function.Discussion and conclusions KB prevented H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury via modulating the AKT and AMPK-mediated Nrf2 induction. KB might be a promising drug candidate for managing ischemic cardiac disorders.Qian ZhangYuan-Ye DangXiu LuoJi-Jun FuZhi-Cong ZouXue-Jing JiaGuo-Dong ZhengChu-Wen LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleBroussonetia kazinokimyocardial ischemiaapoptosismitochondrial dysfunctionoxidative stressTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 362-371 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:42aa7bf93dd746d5854a061e5affd7b52024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Da-Cheng-Qi decoction improves severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury by interfering with intestinal lymphatic pathway and reducing HMGB1-induced inflammatory response in rats10.1080/13880209.2022.21607681744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/42aa7bf93dd746d5854a061e5affd7b52023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2160768https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction (DCQD) has a significant effect on Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury (SAP-ALI).Objective To explore the mechanism of DCQD in the treatment of SAP-ALI based on intestinal barrier function and intestinal lymphatic pathway.Materials and methods Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham operation, model, and DCQD. The SAP model was induced by a retrograde infusion of 5.0% sodium taurocholate solution (1 mg/kg) at a constant rate of 12 mL/h using an infusion pump into the bile-pancreatic duct. Sham operation and model group were given 0.9% normal saline, while DCQD group was given DCQD (5.99 g/kg/d) by gavage 1 h before operation and 1, 11 and 23 h after operation. The levels of HMGB1, RAGE, TNF-α, IL-6, ICAM-1, d-LA, DAO in blood and MPO in lung were detected using ELISA. The expression of HMGB1, RAGE, NF-κB p65 in mesenteric lymph nodes and lung were determined.Results Compared with SAP group, DCQD significantly reduced the histopathological scoring of pancreatic tissue (SAP, 2.80 ± 0.42; DCQD, 2.58 ± 0.52), intestine (SAP, 3.30 ± 0.68; DCQD, 2.50 ± 0.80) and lung (SAP, 3.30 ± 0.68; DCQD, 2.42 ± 0.52). DCQD reduced serum HMGB1 level (SAP, 134.09 ± 19.79; DCQD, 88.05 ± 9.19), RAGE level (SAP, 5.05 ± 1.44; DCQD, 2.13 ± 0.54). WB and RT-PCR showed HMGB1-RAGE pathway was inhibited by DCQD (p < 0.01).Discussion and conclusions DCQD improves SAP-ALI in rats by interfering with intestinal lymphatic pathway and reducing HMGB1-induced inflammatory response.Xiaowen LiuLin YuanYishuang TangYue WuJing KongBingduo ZhouXiaosu WangMin LinYading LiGaofan XuYi WangTingting XuCong HeShengquan FangShengliang ZhuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIntestinal barrier functiontraditional Chinese medicineNF-κB p65Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 144-154 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3ff2f60162474be2bb372919da507baa2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Nanocurcumin preserves kidney function and haematology parameters in DMBA-induced ovarian cancer treated with cisplatin via its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect in rats10.1080/13880209.2023.21669651744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/3ff2f60162474be2bb372919da507baa2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2166965https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Cisplatin, as a first-line treatment for ovarian cancer, is associated with debilitating adverse effects, including nephrotoxic and haematotoxic effects.Objective This study determines whether nanocurcumin, combined with cisplatin, would give additional benefit to kidney function and haematological parameters in rats with ovarian cancer.Materials and methods Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into five untreated rats and 20-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced ovarian cancer rats. The 20 ovarian cancer rats were divided into four treatment groups: vehicle, cisplatin, cisplatin-curcumin, and cisplatin-nanocurcumin. Cisplatin was given at the dose of 4 mg/kg BW once weekly, while curcumin or nanocurcumin was administered at 100 mg/kg BW daily for four weeks. At the end of treatment, we analysed kidney function, haematological parameters, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers from plasma.Results Nanocurcumin alleviates the increase in kidney function markers and abnormalities in haematological indices in rats treated with cisplatin. Compared to cisplatin-treated rats, plasma urea levels decreased from 66.4 to 47.7 mg/dL, creatinine levels lowered from 0.87 to 0.82 mg/dL, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels declined from 8.51 to 3.59 mIU/mg protein. Furthermore, the therapy increased glutathione activities (from 2.02 to 3.23 U/µL), reduced lipid peroxidation (from 0.54 to 0.45 nmol/mL), and decreased plasma TNF-α (from 270.6 to 217.8 pg/mL).Conclusions Cisplatin with nanocurcumin in an ovarian cancer rat model may provide additional benefits as a preventive agent against renal impairment and cisplatin-induced haematological toxicity. However, further research is required to prove that using nanocurcumin for a more extended time would not affect its anticancer properties.Melva LouisaErico WanafriWawaimuli ArozalNi Made Dwi SandhiutamiAhmad Muhammad BasalamahTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHaematotoxicityinflammationnephrotoxicityoxidative stressturmericplatinumTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 298-305 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3ede10ebbce046da833002fe13cfe3782024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Bu-Shen-Tian-Jing formulas alleviate the mitochondrial damage induced by oxidative stress in ovarian granulosa cells exposed to DEHP through the HDAC3-HSP90AA pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22491931744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/3ede10ebbce046da833002fe13cfe3782023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2249193https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has potential reproductive toxicity. Bu-Shen-Tian-Jing formulations (BSTJFs) are beneficial for female reproductive capacity. However, BSTJF2 has much lower cytotoxicity than BSTJF1.Objective To investigate the effects of BSTJFs on ovarian granulosa cells exposed to DEHP and determine the potential molecular mechanisms.Methods and materials Human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) cells were divided into control, DEHP, BSTJF1 and BSTJF2 groups. The DEHP group were given 1 μM DEHP for 24 h. They were then given BSTJF1 at 200 μg/mL or BSTJF2 at 100 μg/mL for 24 h. The control group was treated with the same concentration of DMSO (0.1%). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HDAC3 and HSP90AA were determined. Integrative network pharmacology analysis of BSTJF2 was also performed.Results DEHP (1 μM) significantly suppressed the proliferation of KGN cells by 17%, significantly increased ROS levels by 28% and MDA levels by 47%, significantly decreased MMP levels by 22% and mtDNA copy by 30%. DEHP significantly increased protein expression of HDAC3 by 21%and HSP90AA by 64%. All these changes were significantly reversed by BSTJFs. Integrative network pharmacology analysis revealed HSP90AA was a key target (degree = 8). Both RGFP966 and BSTJF2 significantly reversed the increased expression of HDAC3 and HSP90AA, attenuated oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage which were induced by DEHP.Conclusion BSTJFs might have therapeutic potential on oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage through the HDAC3/HSP90AA pathway which encourages further clinical trials.Hui ZhangHuihua WangQing ZhangHui WangYuhang ZhuFangfang WangJun LinJue ZhouFan QuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEndocrine-disrupting chemicalreactive oxygen speciesintegrative network pharmacology analysisChinese herbal medicineTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1387-1400 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3bfad3e47a01423d965d1fc7a643f48f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The mechanisms of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction in treating ischaemic stroke based on network pharmacology and experiment verification10.1080/13880209.2023.22304771744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/3bfad3e47a01423d965d1fc7a643f48f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2230477https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) is effective in treating ischaemic stroke (IS). However, its mechanism of action is still unclear.Objective Network pharmacology integrated with in vivo experiments were used to clarify the underlying mechanisms of HGWD for treating IS.Materials and methods TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM and STRING were used to retrieve and construct visual protein interaction networks for the key targets. The AutoDock tool was used for molecular docking between key targets and active compounds. The neuroprotective effect of HGWD were verified in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model rat. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham, model, low-dose (5 g/kg, i.g.), high-dose (20 g/kg, i.g.), and nimodipine (20 mg/kg, i.g.) groups once daily for 7 days. The neurological scores, brain infarct volumes, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokines, Nissl bodies, apoptotic neurons, and signalling pathways were all investigated and evaluated in vivo.Results Network pharmacology identified 117 HGWD targets related to IS and 36 candidate compounds. GO and KEGG analyses showed that HGWD anti-IS effects were mainly associated with PI3K-Akt and HIF-1 signalling pathways. HGWD effectively reduced the cerebral infarct volumes (19.19%), the number of apoptotic neurons (16.78%), and the release of inflammatory cytokines, etc. in MCAO rats. Furthermore, HGWD decreased the levels of HIF-1A, VEGFA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, p-MAPK1, and p-c-Jun while increasing the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT1, and Bcl-2.Discussion and conclusion This study initially elucidated the mechanism of HGWD anti-IS, which contributed to the further promotion and secondary development of HGWD in clinical practice.Weiguo LiaoMinchun WangYing WuJinyan DuYaxin LiAnyu SuLanying ZhongZi XieMingyu GongJunhui LiangPengcheng WangZai LiuLisheng WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleChinese medicine formulamolecular dockingPI3K-Akt pathwayHIF-1 pathwaysinflammationapoptosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1014-1029 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:37882bb1273b4e57b99fc9cf20bbdc5a2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Xiaojianzhong decoction attenuates aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 and AMPK/ULK1 pathways10.1080/13880209.2023.22439981744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/37882bb1273b4e57b99fc9cf20bbdc5a2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2243998https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Xiaojianzhong decoction (XJZD), classically prescribed in Chinese medicine, has protective and healing effects on gastric mucosal injury. However, the exact mechanism behind this effect remains unclear.Objective To investigate the effect of XJZD on gastric mucosal injury and explore its underlying mechanisms.Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice were randomized into six groups (n = 10): the control group receiving sterile water, the model (aspirin 300 mg/kg), the XJZD high-dose (12 g/kg), XJZD medium-dose (6 g/kg), XJZD low-dose (3 g/kg) and omeprazole (20 mg/kg) groups, by gavage daily for 14 days. The area of gastric mucosal injury, mucosal injury index and degree of histopathological damage were analysed. Gastric mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis was detected. Epithelial cell autophagy was observed. The expression levels of tight junction proteins and proteins related to apoptosis, autophagy and the pentose phosphate pathway were analysed.Results The results showed that after treatment with XJZD (12, 6 and 3 g/kg), the mucosal injury area was reduced (83.4%, 22.6% and 11.3%), the expression level of ZO-1 and occludin was up-regulated, the apoptosis rate of epithelial cells was reduced (40.8%, 25.4% and 8.7%), the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin1 was decreased and the expression of p62 was increased, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1(ser757) signalling pathway was activated, and the AMPK/ULK1(ser317) signalling pathway was inhibited. In addition, XJZD can antagonize the imbalance of redox homeostasis caused by aspirin and protect the gastric mucosa.Discussion and conclusions XJZD protects against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury, implying it to be a potential therapeutic agent.Ting ChenShengchuan BaoJuan ChenJiaxiang ZhangHailiang WeiXin HuYan LiangJingtao LiShuguang YanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicinedrug-induced gastric injuryapoptoticautophagyredox homeostasisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1234-1248 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3746789399aa45e89e76f788f0cfa2262024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Sodium tanshinone IIA sulphate inhibits angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma via mediation of miR-874/eEF-2K/TG2 axis10.1080/13880209.2023.22048791744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/3746789399aa45e89e76f788f0cfa2262023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2204879https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sodium tanshinone IIA sulphate (STS) is a product originated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge [Lamiaceae], which exerts an antitumour effect. However, the role of STS on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unexplored.Objective Our study explores the effect and mechanism of STS against LUAD.Materials and methods LUAD cells were treated with 100 μM STS for 24 h and control group cells were cultured under normal medium conditions. Functionally, the viability, migration, invasion and angiogenesis of LUAD cells were examined by MTT, wound healing, transwell and tube formation assay, respectively. Moreover, cells were transvected with different transfection plasmids. Dual luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to verify the relationship between miR-874 and eEF-2K.Results STS significantly decreased the viability (40–50% reduction), migration (migration rate of A549 cells from 0.67 to 0.28, H1299 cells from 0.71 to 0.41), invasion (invasion numbers of A549 cells from 172 to 55, H1299 cells from 188 to 35) and angiogenesis (80-90% reduction) of LUAD cells. Downregulation of miR-874 partially abolished the antitumour effect of STS. EEF-2K was identified to be the target of miR-874, and its downregulation markedly abolished the effects of miR-874 downregulation on tumourigenesis of LUAD. Moreover, silencing of TG2 abrogated eEF-2K-induced progression of LUAD.Discussion and Conclusions STS attenuated the tumourigenesis of LUAD through the mediation of the miR-874/eEF-2K/TG2 axis. STS is a promising drug to fight against lung cancer, which might effectively reverse drug resistance when combined with classical anticancer drugs.Bu WangFang ZouGu XinBao-Li XiangJian-Qing ZhaoSheng-Fang YuanXiu-Long ZhangZhi-Hua ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleSTSmigrationinvasionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 868-877 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:363eed86ce984557a9228f66f543aecf2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Efficacy and safety of berberine for premature ventricular contractions: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials10.1080/13880209.2023.22481671744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/363eed86ce984557a9228f66f543aecf2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2248167https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Berberine is a potential drug that can effectively treat cardiovascular diseases, including premature ventricular contractions (PVCs).Objective This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of berberine for PVCs.Methods The literature was searched using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to October 1, 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was adopted to assess the quality of evidence.Results Ten RCTs with 896 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that compared to antiarrhythmic drugs (AD), berberine (BE) combined with AD had a higher effective rate (RR = 1.26; 95% CI:1.12, 1.42; p = 0.0001) with no significant incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 0.93; 95% CI:0.33, 2.57; p = 0.88), and BE alone had no significant difference in effective rate (RR = 0.91; 95% CI:0.77, 1.07; p = 0.23), and a lower incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 0.38; 95% CI:0.15, 0.97; p = 0.04) and recurrence rate (RR = 0.40; 95% CI:0.18, 0.88; p = 0.02).Conclusions The results suggest that BE is an effective and safe adjunctive method for PVCs. In addition, BE is recommended for patients with PVCs who had severe adverse reactions after administrating AD as an alternative therapy.Meng QiaoChao LeiChaoren TanCuncun LuZijia ChenQiang ZhangZhifei WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCoptis chinensistraditional Chinese medicinecomplementary alternative medicineantiarrhythmic drugsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1474-1483 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3407f4e844cd425abc154a78f57932bd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to decipher the mechanism of the Chinese herbal prescription modified Shen-Yan-Fang-Shuai formula in treating diabetic nephropathy10.1080/13880209.2023.22415211744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/3407f4e844cd425abc154a78f57932bd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2241521https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Modified Shen-Yan-Fang-Shuai formula (M-SYFSF) has excellent clinical efficacy in treating diabetic kidney disease. However, the potential mechanism of M-SYFSF remains unknown.Objective To investigate the mechanism of M-SYFSF against DN by network pharmacological analysis and biological experiments.Materials and methods Utilizing a web-based pharmacology database, the potential mechanisms of M-SYFSF against DN were identified. In vivo experiments, male SD rats were injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and got uninephrectomy to construct a model of DN. M-SYFSF (11.34 g/kg/d) was gavaged once per day for 12 weeks after model establishment. In vitro experiments, human proximal tubular cells (HK-2) were performed with advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) (100 μg/mL), then intervened with M-SYFSF freeze-dried powder. Pathological staining, WB, IHC, ELISA were conducted to explore the mechanism of M-SYFSF against DN.Results Network pharmacological analysis showed that MAPK pathway was the potential pathway. Results showed that compared with the Model group, M-SYFSF significantly reduced 24h urine albumin, UACR, and serum creatinine levels (54.90 ± 26.67 vs. 111.78 ± 4.28, 8.87 ± 1.69 vs. 53.94 ± 16.01, 11.56 ± 1.70 vs. 118.70 ± 49.57, respectively), and improved renal pathological changes. Furthermore, the intervention of M-SYFSF reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway in AGEs-treated HK-2 cells.Discussion and conclusion M-SYFSF is likely to reduce inflammation in DN by inhibiting the MAPK pathway. It provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of M-SYFSF in the treatment of DN.Borui YuMengqi ZhouZhaocheng DongHuijuan ZhengYuxue ZhaoJingwei ZhouChao ZhangFudong WeiGuoyong YuWei Jing LiuHongfang LiuYaoxian WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicine formulaprotein-protein interaction networkMAPK signaling pathwayinflammationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1222-1233 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:30ca9b76544d4634b4e07d56c678e7932024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Qiangjing tablets ameliorate asthenozoospermia via mitochondrial ubiquitination and mitophagy mediated by LKB1/AMPK/ULK1 signaling10.1080/13880209.2023.21680211744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/30ca9b76544d4634b4e07d56c678e7932023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168021https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Therapeutic effects of Qiangjing tablets (QJT) on sperm vitality and asthenozoospermia (AZS) have been confirmed. However, the mechanism of action remains unclear.Objective This study investigates the effects of QJT on AZS and the underlying mechanism of action.Materials and methods Sixty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: Control, ORN (ornidazole; 200 mg/kg), ORN + QJT-low (0.17 g/mL), ORN + QJT-middle (0.33 g/mL), ORN + QJT-high (0.67 g/mL), and ORN + QJT + Radicicol (0.67 g/mL QJT and 20 mg/kg radicicol) groups. Pathological evaluation and analysis of mitophagy were conducted by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Reactive oxygen species were detected by flow cytometry. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting.Results QJT significantly improved ORN-treated sperm motility and kinematic parameters, as well as the pathological symptoms of testicular and epididymal tissues. In particular, QJT mitigated impaired mitochondrial morphology, and increased the PHB, Beclin-1, LC3-II protein, and ROS levels (p < 0.05), and reduced the protein expression levels of LC3-I and p62 (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, QJT antagonized the downregulation of SCF and Parkin protein levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, QJT significantly increased the protein expressions levels of LKB1, AMPKα, p-AMPKα, ULK1 and p-ULK1 (p < 0.05). The ameliorative effect of QJT on pathological manifestations, mitochondrial morphology, and the expressions of mitophagy and mitochondrial ubiquitination-related proteins was counteracted by radicicol.Discussion and conclusions QJT improved AZS via mitochondrial ubiquitination and mitophagy mediated by the LKB1/AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of AZS and male infertility.Guangsen LiYuanjie XuYingxi LiDegui ChangPeihai ZhangZiyang MaDi’ang ChenYaodong YouXiaopeng HuangJian CaiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMitophagyLKB1/AMPK/ULK1sperm motilitymitochondriatraditional Chinese medicineTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 271-280 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2d3b5230d4c349809a1b4aa916c9e1b22024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Clerodendranthus spicatus inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells through the NF-κB/Snail signalling pathway in hyperuricaemia nephropathy10.1080/13880209.2023.22430861744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/2d3b5230d4c349809a1b4aa916c9e1b22023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2243086https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Clerodendranthus spicatus Thunb. (Labiatae) (CS), a perennial traditional Chinese medicinal herb that can reduce serum uric acid (sUA) levels and ameliorate renal function is widely used to treat hyperuricaemic nephropathy (HN).Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of action of CS in HN treatment using in vivo and in vitro experiments.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, HN, CS and positive control allopurinol groups. The HN group was intraperitoneally injected with 750 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium (OA), whereas the CS group was injected with OA along with a gavage of CS (low dose 3.125 g/kg, high dose 6.25 g/kg) for five weeks. For in vitro studies, uric acid-treated HK2 cells were used to verify the therapeutic mechanism of CS in HN.Results HN rats exhibit pathological phenotypes of elevated sUA levels and renal injury. CS significantly improved these symptoms and sUA (p < 0.05) and blood urea nitrogen (p < 0.01) levels, and dramatically improved renal tubular injury in HN rats. The IC50 value of UA (uric acid) in HK2 cells was 826.32 ± 3.55 μg/mL; however, 120 ng/mL CS had no significant cytotoxicity on HK2 cells. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that CS inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation and inhibited α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vimentin expression while increasing E-cadherin expression, suggesting that CS inhibited the fibrotic process in renal cells, thus protecting renal function.Discussion and conclusions These findings provide a fundamental understanding of the application of CS in HN treatment to better guide clinical interventions.Shouhai WuMeixia YanJunyi LiuYizhen LiRuimin TianChuang LiLihuang HuangZhisheng LuPeng XuWei MaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHyperuricaemic HK2traditional Chinese medicinelowering uric acidrenal protectionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1274-1285 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2ce39f1ea25a4d63a981c51891dc4b082024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Integrating serum metabolomics and network analysis to explore the antidepressant activity of crocin in rats with chronic unexpected mild stress-induced depression10.1080/13880209.2023.22465311744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/2ce39f1ea25a4d63a981c51891dc4b082023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2246531https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Crocin exhibits anti-depressant properties. However, its underlying mechanisms and its relationship with metabolomics remain unclear.Objective This study elucidates the mechanism of action and potential targets of crocin in treating chronic unexpected mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in rats.Materials and methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent 4 weeks of CUMS to establish the depression model. The normal control (distilled water), crocin (25 mg/kg), and fluoxetine (5.4 mg/kg) groups were orally administered for 4-weeks. Behavioural tests evaluated the effects of crocin, while liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics identified differential metabolites and their associated metabolic pathways. Subsequently, network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets of crocin.Results Crocin significantly increased body weight (from 319.16 ± 4.84 g to 325.67 ± 2.84 g), sucrose preference (from 0.46 ± 0.09 to 0.70 ± 0.09), vertical activity (from 2.83 ± 1.94 to 8 ± 2.36), horizontal activity (from 1 ± 0.63 to 4.5 ± 3.08) and decreased immobilization time (from 13.16 ± 2.69 to 3.97 ± 3.00). Metabolomics analysis identified 7 metabolites and 5 associated metabolic pathways. From the combined analysis of network pharmacology and metabolomics, three targets (PRMT1, CYP3A4, and GLB1) are the overlapping targets and the two most important metabolic pathways are tryptophan metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism.Discussion and conclusions This study provides insights into the antidepressant therapeutic effect of crocin and its underlying mechanisms. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic mechanism involved in the anti-depressant effect of crocin, establishing a strong foundation for future research in this area.Yan LuoZiyan ZhongHuan LiLe WangDongwei GuoXuanqi DongJian LiuMingxia XieMei WuYun XiangXi ZhangPan MengTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineuntargeted metabolomicsnetwork pharmacologyinteraction networkmetabolismTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1414-1430 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2cbbb5d9cc9b42f59e168b3c549cc7b62024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Identification of natural compound garcinone E as a novel autophagic flux inhibitor with anticancer effect in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells10.1080/13880209.2023.22101871744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/2cbbb5d9cc9b42f59e168b3c549cc7b62023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2210187https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Current chemotherapeutic drugs cannot meet the treatment needs of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), so urgent action is needed to discover novel chemotherapeutic agents. Our previous study revealed that garcinone E (GE) inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of NPC, suggesting that the compound might display promising anticancer activity.Objective To examine the mechanism underlying the anti-NPC activity of GE for the first time.Materials and methods For MTS assay, NPC cells were treated with 2.5-20 μmol/L GE or dimethyl sulfoxide for 24, 48, and 72 h. Colony formation capacity, cell cycle distribution, and in vivo xenograft experiment of GE were assessed. MDC staining, StubRFP-sensGFP-LC3 observation, LysoBrite Blue staining, and immunofluorescence examined the autophagy of NPC cells after GE exposure. Western blotting, RNA-sequencing, and RT-qPCR measured protein and mRNA levels.Results GE suppressed cell viability with an IC50 of 7.64, 8.83 and 4.65 μmol/L for HK1, HONE1 and S18 cells. GE inhibited colony formation and cell cycle, increased autophagosome number, and inhibited the autophagic flux partially by blocking lysosome-autophagosome fusion, and repressed S18 xenograft growth. GE dysregulated the expression of autophagy- and cell cycle-related proteins such as Beclin-1, SQSTM1/p62, LC3, CDKs, and Cyclins. Bioinformatics GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq showed that autophagy was enriched in differentially expressed genes upon GE treatment.Discussion and conclusion GE acts as an autophagic flux inhibitor, which may have potential chemotherapeutic use for NPC treatment and may have an application in basic research to explore the mechanisms of autophagy.Dan WeiLuolin WangShunmei LeiHan ZhangCaihua DongYao KeYuting SuXiaoying ChenLianping XiaXiaoyang KongFuqiang YinXia LiuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAutophagyautophagosomecell cycle arrestRNA-seqKEGG pathway enrichmentTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 839-857 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2987d91c5a814d0c9e88e449046faabc2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium glycosides as an add-on treatment in adults with chronic urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis10.1080/13880209.2023.21694681744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/2987d91c5a814d0c9e88e449046faabc2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2169468https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Tripterygium glycosides (TG), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat chronic urticaria (CU) in China, and the evidence of TG for CU needs to be updated thoroughly.Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of TG combined with H1-antihistamine (H1-AH) in adults with CU.Methods Eligible randomized controlled trials were searched in eight databases until May 31, 2022, including CNKI, WanFang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. The search terms included urticaria, Tripterygium, Lei Gong Teng, and Leigongteng. Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 12.0 were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 27 studies with 2788 patients were included. The pooled results showed that TG plus H1-AH was superior to H1-AH alone in cure rate (RR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.63, p = 0.0003), total efficacy rate (RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.50, p < 0.00001), pruritus (MD = −0.32, 95% CI = −0.54 to −0.11, p = 0.003), wheal number (MD = −0.31, 95% CI = −0.55 to −0.07, p = 0.01), wheal size (MD = −0.32, 95% CI = −0.46 to −0.19, p < 0.00001), and the serum level of immunoglobulin E (SMD = −1.39, 95% CI = −2.42 to −0.36, p = 0.008). Moreover, adverse events between two groups were mild, and their incidences were not significantly different.Conclusions The combination of TG and H1-AH is a promising and safe treatment for adults with refractory CU. Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm the evidence.Ming LiYan LiLujing XiangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleRandomized controlled trialstraditional Chinese medicineeffectivenessadverse eventTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 324-336 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:295ef4e9107a42a782e39ae7a53266602024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Hawthorn leaves flavonoids attenuate cardiac remodeling induced by simulated microgravity10.1080/13880209.2023.22031941744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/295ef4e9107a42a782e39ae7a53266602023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2203194https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Hawthorn leaves are a kind of widely used medicinal plant in China. The major ingredient, hawthorn leaves flavonoids (HLF), have cardiotonic, cardioprotective, and vascular protective effects.Objective The study evaluated the protective role of HLF in cardiac remodelling and the underlying mechanisms under simulated microgravity by hindlimb unloading rats.Materials and methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, HLF, HU (hindlimb unloading) and HU + HLF groups (n = 8). After HU and daily intragastric administration at the dose of 100 mg/kg/d for 8 weeks, cardiac function and structure were evaluated by biochemical indices and histopathology. We identified the main active compounds and mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective effects of HLF via bioinformatics and molecular docking analysis, and relative signalling pathway activity was verified by Western blot.Results HLF treatment could reverse the HU-induced decline in LV-EF (HU, 55.13% ± 0.98% vs. HU + HLF, 71.16% ± 5.08%), LV-FS (HU, 29.44% ± 0.67% vs. HU + HLF, 41.62% ± 4.34%) and LV mass (HU, 667.99 ± 65.69 mg vs. HU + HLF, 840.02 ± 73.00 mg). Furthermore, HLF treatment significantly increased NPRA expression by 135.39%, PKG by 51.27%, decreased PDE5A by 20.03%, NFATc1 by 41.68% and Rcan1.4 by 54.22%.Conclusions HLF plays a protective effect on HU-induced cardiac remodelling by enhancing NPRA-cGMP-PKG pathway and suppressing the calcineurin-NFAT pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for use in clinical therapies.Tian LiuYuqi MaHui ZhaoPengli WangYan NiuYuehuan HuXi ShenMingxia ZhangBing YanJun YuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHindlimb unloadingmolecular dockingNPRA-cGMP-PKG pathwaycalcineurin-NFAT pathwayTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 683-695 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:28def84617414f69960ec18444fcda332024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H+ leak10.1080/13880209.2023.21687041744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/28def84617414f69960ec18444fcda332023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168704https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The toxicity of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside is generally well recognized and commonly ascribed to the inhibition of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers, which are pivotal for oxidative phosphorylation. However, these glycosides may 'paralyze' additional target proteins.Objective This review presents many facts about atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside and their plant producers, such as Xanthium spp. (Asteraceae), named cockleburs.Methods Published studies and other information were obtained from databases, such as 'CABI - Invasive Species Compendium', 'PubMed', and 'The World Checklist of Vascular Plants', from 1957 to December 2022. The following major keywords were used: 'carboxyatractyloside', 'cockleburs', 'hepatotoxicity', 'mitochondria', 'nephrotoxicity', and 'Xanthium'.Results In the third decade of the twenty first century, public awareness of the severe toxicity of cockleburs is still limited. Such toxicity is often only perceived by specialists in Europe and other continents. Interestingly, cocklebur is among the most widely distributed invasive plants worldwide, and the recognition of new European stands of Xanthium spp. is provided here. The findings arising from field and laboratory research conducted by the author revealed that (i) some livestock populations may instinctively avoid eating cocklebur while grazing, (ii) carboxyatractyloside inhibits ADP/GDP metabolism, and (iii) the direct/indirect target proteins of carboxyatractyloside are ambiguous.Conclusions Many aspects of the Xanthium genus still require substantial investigation/revision in the future, such as the unification of the Latin nomenclature of currently distinguished species, bur morphology status, true fruit (achene) description and biogeography of cockleburs, and a detailed description of the physiological roles of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside and the toxicity of these glycosides, mainly toward mammals. Therefore, a more careful interpretation of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside data, including laboratory tests using Xanthium-derived extracts and purified toxins, is needed.Andrzej M. Woyda-PloszczycaTaylor & Francis GrouparticleADP/ATP carrier (AAC)atractylosidecattlecockleburshepatotoxicitymitochondriaTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 372-390 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:27a8c8a8e7c140bbbf0465eb5400a8162024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Lappaol F regulates the cell cycle by activating CDKN1C/p57 in human colorectal cancer cells10.1080/13880209.2023.21720481744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/27a8c8a8e7c140bbbf0465eb5400a8162023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2172048https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Lappaol F (LAF), a natural lignan from Arctium lappa Linné (Asteraceae), inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism involves the suppression of the Yes-associated protein. However, the specific role of LAF in cell cycle regulation remains unknown.Objective This study determined the molecular mechanism by which LAF regulates cell cycle progression.Materials and methods Various colon cancer cell lines (SW480, HCT15, and HCT116) were treated with LAF (25, 50, and 75 μmol/L) for 48 h. The effects of LAF on cell proliferation and cell cycle were determined using sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry assays. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using quantitative proteomics. Bioinformatic analysis of DEPs was conducted via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Expression levels of DEPs in the cell cycle pathway were analyzed using RT-qPCR and western blotting.Results LAF suppressed the proliferation of SW480, HCT15, and HCT116 cells (IC50 47.1, 51.4, and 32.8 μmol/L, respectively) and induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase. A total of 6331 proteins were identified and quantified, of which 127 were differentially expressed between the LAF-treated and untreated groups. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that DEPs mainly participated in the cell cycle. CDKN1C/p57 showed the most significant differential expression, with the highest fold-change (3.155-fold). Knockdown of CDKN1C/p57 attenuated the S phase cell cycle arrest and proliferation inhibition induced by LAF.Conclusion LAF exerts antitumor effects via S phase arrest by activating CDKN1C/p57 in colorectal cancer cells.Rui-Yi YangJia-Yi TanZhe LiuXiao-Ling ShenYing-Jie HuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C/p57cyclin-dependent kinasecyclinTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 337-344 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2605bbc1a91649f28985433a7321bd9e2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Prediction of the mechanisms of action of Qutan Huoxue decoction in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a network pharmacology study and experimental validation10.1080/13880209.2023.21828921744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/2605bbc1a91649f28985433a7321bd9e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2182892https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Qutan Huoxue decoction (QTHX) is used to treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with good efficacy in the clinic. However, the mechanism is not clear yet.Objective This study investigates the mechanism of QTHX in the treatment of NASH.Materials and methods Potential pathways of QTHX were predicted by network pharmacology. Fourty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (half normal diet, half high-fat diet) were fed six to eight weeks, primary hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were extracted and co-cultured by the 0.4-micron trans well culture system. Then, the normal co-cultured cells were treated by normal serum, the NASH co-cultured cells were treated with various concentrations of QTHX-containing serum (0, 5, 7.5 or 10 μg/mL) for 24 h. The expression of targets were measured with Activity Fluorometric Assay, Western blot and PCR assay.Results Network pharmacology indicated that liver-protective effect of QTHX was associated with its anti-inflammation response, oxidative stress, and lipid receptor signalling. 10 μg/mL QTHX significantly reduced the inflammation response and lipid levels in primary hepatocytes (ALT: 46.43 ± 2.76 U/L, AST: 13.96 ± 1.08 U/L, TG: 0.25 ± 0.01 mmol/L, TC: 0.14 ± 0.05 mmol/L), comparing with 0 μg/mL NASH group (ALT: 148 ± 9.22 U/L, AST: 53.02 ± 2.30 U/L, TG: 0.74 ± 0.07 mmol/L, TC: 0.91 ± 0.07 mmol/L) (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, QTHX increased expression of SOCS1 and decreased expression of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB.Conclusions The study suggested that QTHX treats NASH in rats by activating the SCOS1/NF-κB/TLR4 pathway, suggesting QTHX could be further developed as a potential liver-protecting agent.Xia WuYurong ZhangDing ZhengYue YinMengyun PengJing WangXiaoning ZhuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleKupffer cellsinflammatory responsetraditional Chinese medicinehepatocytesTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 520-530 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:25c8c65d4dea47fc8c7dde7ff8ba15872024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes intestinal epithelial proliferation and barrier function after ischemia/reperfusion injury via activation of Nurr110.1080/13880209.2023.22454451744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/25c8c65d4dea47fc8c7dde7ff8ba15872023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2245445https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is involved in cell proliferation and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of several organs.Objective To identify the role of EGCG in intestinal epithelial proliferation and barrier exposed to I/R injury.Material and methods Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham, I/R, I/R + EGCG (12.5 mg/kg), I/R + EGCG (25 mg/kg) and I/R + EGCG (50 mg/kg). I/R group rats were subjected to intestinal ischemia for 1 h and 6 h reperfusion. The rats were supplemented with EGCG 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg daily for 3 days via intraperitoneal injection before surgery. We used IEC-6 to expose to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury to mimic I/R in vivo. IEC-6 cells were divided into control, H/R and H/R + EGCG (40 μmol/L). The effects of EGCG and its mechanism was explored.Results Pharmacological treatment with EGCG notably improves intestinal epithelial proliferation (12.5 mg/kg, 1.74-fold; 25 mg/kg, 2.93-fold, and 50 mg/kg, 4.33-fold) and barrier function after I/R injury. EGCG promoted cell proliferation (2.99-fold) and increased the expression of occludin (2.36-fold) and ZO-1 (1.64-fold) in IEC-6 cells after H/R injury. EGCG promoted proliferation of IEC-6 cells with ED50 values of 18.16 μmol/L. Further investigations indicated that EGCG activated Nurr1 expression in intestine after I/R injury. EGCG promote cell proliferation and increased the expression of occludin and ZO-1 in IEC-6 cells after H/R injury were abrogated in the knockdown of Nurr1 by siRNA.Discussion and conclusion Our findings indicate that EGCG promotes intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and barrier function after I/R injury in vitro and in vivo via activation of Nurr1.Jiacheng GaoYuhang WangZirui JiaJiaming XueTingting ZhouGuo ZuTaylor & Francis Grouparticlemolecular dockingregenerationintestinal epithelial cellsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1310-1317 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:252f7510df304ec2aa513456dd5014b72024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Gemcitabine enhances pharmacokinetic exposure of the major components of Danggui Buxue Decoction in rat via the promotion of intestinal permeability and down-regulation of CYP3A for combination treatment of non-small cell lung cancer10.1080/13880209.2023.22465001744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/252f7510df304ec2aa513456dd5014b72023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2246500https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has the potential to enhance the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment by increasing gemcitabine’s active metabolites. However, whether gemcitabine affects the pharmacokinetics of DBD’s major components remains unclear.Objective This study evaluates the herb–drug interaction between DBD’s major components and gemcitabine and validates the underlying pharmacokinetic mechanism.Materials and methods The pharmacokinetics of 3.6 g/kg DBD with and without a single-dose administration of 50 mg/kg gemcitabine was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of gemcitabine on intestinal permeability, hepatic microsomal enzymes in rat tissues, and CYP3A overexpressing HepG2 cells were determined using western blot analysis.Results The combination of gemcitabine significantly altered the pharmacokinetic profiles of DBD’s major components in rats. The Cmax and AUC of calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside notably increased through sodium-glucose transporter 1 (SGLT-1) expression promotion. The AUC of ligustilide and ferulic acid was also significantly elevated with the elimination half-life (t1/2) prolonged by 2.4-fold and 7.8-fold, respectively, by down-regulating hepatic CYP3A, tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin expression.Discussion and conclusions Gemcitabine could modulate the pharmacokinetics of DBD’s major components by increasing intestinal permeability, enhancing transporter expression, and down-regulating CYP3A. These findings provide critical information for clinical research on DBD as an adjuvant for NSCLC with gemcitabine and help make potential dosage adjustments more scientifically and rationally.Xin XuXi-yang SunMing ChangZhao-liang HuTing-ting ChengTai-jun HangMin SongTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicinebioavailabilitymetabolismherb–drug interactionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1298-1309 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:22137db9045a422682de23dab95246012024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The kidney antifibrotic effects of 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone from Bauhinia championii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: in vivo and in vitro experiments10.1080/13880209.2023.22227731744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/22137db9045a422682de23dab95246012023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2222773https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The antidiabetic effects of flavonoids have been reported, but it is still unclear whether 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone, isolated from Bauhinia championii Benth. (Fabaceae), also exhibits such properties.Objective To isolate 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone from B. championii using high-speed countercurrent chromatography and examine its potential in treating diabetic nephropathy.Materials and methods The phytochemical constituents from the stems of B. championii were separated and purified with high-speed countercurrent chromatography; 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF) was identified by mass spectrum, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. After exposing mesangial cells to 30 mM glucose and either 5 μM or 10 μM PMF for 6 h, the levels of fibronectin (FN) and p-Smad2/3 were analyzed using Western blotting. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with 55 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce diabetes and then were randomized into three groups (n = 10): vehicle administration, low-dose (5 mg/kg) PMF, and high-dose (25 mg/kg) PMF by intragastric gavage for 3 months. A healthy group was included as the control.Results Compared to the diabetic group, low-dose and high-dose PMF treatment decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 by 0.54- and 0.52-fold, and the accumulation of FN decreased by 0.82- and 0.77-fold in vitro; the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 was decreased by 0.39- and 0.37-fold, and the accumulation of FN decreased by 0.47- and 0.40-fold in vivo, respectively. Furthermore, PMF alleviated the glomerular basement membrane thickness and foot process fusion.Conclusion The findings suggest for the first time that PMF may be a promising treatment option for diabetic kidney fibrosis, which warrants additional clinical investigation.Jialin LiXiaocui HuangKailun HeSuzhen WuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleExtracellular matrixdiabetes mellitusrenal fibrosishigh-speed countercurrent chromatographyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 938-948 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:20608a5c731c4d4ea225e0a4dd3272622024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Absolute oral bioavailability and possible metabolic pathway of panduratin A from Boesenbergia rotunda extract in beagle dogs10.1080/13880209.2023.21907771744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/20608a5c731c4d4ea225e0a4dd3272622023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2190777https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Attempts are ongoing to develop medications to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Our previous study revealed the in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of fingerroot [Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. (Zingiberaceae)] and its phytochemical, panduratin A.Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic profiles of panduratin A as a pure compound and in a fingerroot extract formulation in beagle dogs.Materials and methods A total of 12 healthy dogs were randomly divided into three groups, a single dose of 1 mg/kg panduratin A by intravenous and multiple doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg panduratin A fingerroot extract formulation by oral administration for seven consecutive days. The plasma concentration of panduratin A was determined by LCMS.Results The peak concentrations of a single dose of 5 and 10 mg/kg panduratin A fingerroot extract formulation were 12,416 ± 2,326 and 26,319 ± 8,221 µg/L, respectively. Increasing the oral dose of fingerroot extract formulation, equivalent to panduratin A 5–10 mg/kg, showed dose proportionality, with an approximately 2-fold increase in Cmax and AUC. The absolute oral bioavailability of panduratin A in the fingerroot extract formulation was approximately 7–9%. The majority of panduratin A was biotransformed into several products via oxidation and glucuronidation, and predominantly excreted via the faecal route.Conclusion The oral formulation of fingerroot extract was safe in beagle dogs, and increasing dose showed dose proportionality in terms of the systemic exposure of panduratin A. This information will support the phytopharmaceutical product development of fingerroot extract against the COVID-19 pandemic.Tussapon BoonyarattanasoonthornTeetat KongratanapasertApisada JisoPinnakarn TechapichetvanichNitra NuengchamnongKittitach SupannapanAnusak KijtawornratPhisit KhemawootTaylor & Francis GrouparticlePharmacokineticsZingiberaceaefingerroot extractPanduratin ATherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 590-597 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1efeac9c9649464da98fde9f347c9a652024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Punicalagin attenuates ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction via regulating the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22244031744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1efeac9c9649464da98fde9f347c9a652023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2224403https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Punicalagin has myocardial protection; the mechanism of punicalagin on ventricular remodeling (VR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear.Objective These studies explore the role and mechanism of punicalagin in preventing and treating VR after AMI.Materials and methods Molecular docking was used to predict the targets of punicalagin. After 2 weeks of AMI model, the SD rats were randomly divided into model, and punicalagin (200, 400 mg/kg, gavage) groups for 4 weeks. Thoracotomy with perforation but no ligature was performed on rats in control group. The protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and GSDMD-N, the mRNA expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 were evaluated.Results Punicalagin had binding activities with NLRP3 (Vina score, −5.8), caspase-1 (Vina score, −6.7), and GSDMD (Vina score, −6.7). Punicalagin could improve cardiac function, alleviate cardiac pathological changes, minimize the excessive accumulation of collagen in the left ventricular myocardium (p < 0.01), and inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis (p < 0.01). Furthermore, punicalagin could inhibit the overexpression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD via immunohistochemistry (p < 0.01). Punicalagin inhibited the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Punicalagin reduced the mRNA expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 (p < 0.05, p < 0.01).Conclusions Punicalagin may provide a useful treatment for the future myocardial protection.Jian-fei PengXiao-ni ZhaoMeng ZhangJing-ya LiChun-chun ZhaoShu-shu WangJia-li WangHui ShiPeng ZhouLiang WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNatural productsmolecular dockinginflammatory responsecardiovascular diseaseTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 963-972 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1e8f5aa4836743478d257c332fb9c31e2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Sinisan ameliorates colonic injury induced by water immersion restraint stress by enhancing intestinal barrier function and the gut microbiota structure10.1080/13880209.2023.21916431744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1e8f5aa4836743478d257c332fb9c31e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2191643https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Sinisan (SNS) has been used to treat psychosomatic diseases of the digestive system. But little is known about how SNS affects water immersion restraint stress (WIRS).Objective To study the effects of SNS on colonic tissue injury in the WIRS model.Materials and methods Forty-eight Kunming (KM) mice were randomized into 6 groups (n = 8): The control and WIRS groups receiving deionized water; the SNS low-dose (SL, 3.12 g/kg/d), SNS middle-dose (SM, 6.24 g/kg/d), SNS high-dose (SH, 12.48 g/kg/d), and diazepam (DZ, 5 mg/kg/d) groups; each with two daily administrations for 5 consecutive days. The 5 treatment groups were subjected to WIRS for 24 h on day 6. The effects of SNS on colon tissue injury caused by WIRS were assessed by changes in colon histology, inflammatory cytokines, brain-gut peptides, and tight junction (TJ) proteins levels. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to detect the regulation of the gut microbiota.Results SNS pretreatment significantly reduced TNF-α (0.75- to 0.81-fold), IL-6 (0.77-fold), and IFN-γ (0.69-fold) levels; and increased TJ proteins levels, such as ZO-1 (4.06- to 5.27-fold), claudin-1 (3.33- to 5.14-fold), and occludin (6.46- to 11.82-fold). However, there was no significant difference between the levels of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the control and WIRS groups. SNS regulated the composition of gut microbiota in WIRS mice.Conclusion The positive effects of SNS on WIRS could provide a theoretical basis to treat stress-related gastrointestinal disorders.Xiaoying XuHuimei HuHaizhou ZengBoyi LiQiuxiong YinYupeng JiangLinquan ZangChanglin ZhaoGuoqiang QianTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInflammationintestinal floratight junctionintestinal barrierbrain-gut peptidemicrobiome-gut-brain axisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 598-609 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1cbd54eeab2e411aa80783087f46e3bd2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The protective effect of 999 XiaoErGanMao granules on the lungs and intestines of influenza A virus-infected mice10.1080/13880209.2023.21958841744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1cbd54eeab2e411aa80783087f46e3bd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2195884https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gastrointestinal symptoms are a common complication of influenza virus infection in children, which the gut-lung axis become involved in its biological progress. The protective effect of 999 XiaoErGanMao granules (XEGMG) on multi-organ injury in viral pneumonia remains unclear.Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of XEGMG on lungs and intestines injury in A/FM/1/47 (H1N1) influenza virus-infected mice.Materials and methods Male BALB/c mice were infected with the 2LD50 H1N1 influenza virus and then treated with XEGMG (6 or 12 g/kg) intragastrically once a day for 4 days. The lung and colon samples were then collected for pathological observation, and assays for inflammatory cytokines and intestinal barrier. Mouse feces were collected to evaluate the intestinal microbiota.Results Treating with XEGMG (12 g/kg) can mitigate body weight loss caused by 2LD50 H1N1 infection. It can also reduce lung index and pathological damage with the decreased inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore, XEGMG (12 g/kg) can maintain the goblet cell number in the colons to protect the intestinal barrier and regulate the major flora such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Muribaculaceae back to normal. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-17A in the colon tissues was significantly lower in the group of XEGMG (6, 12 g/kg) compared to H1N1 group.Discussion and conclusions XEGMG can protect against H1N1 invasion involved in gut-lung axis regulation. The results provide new evidence for the protective effect of XEGMG, which is beneficial to vulnerable children.Yuan-zhen HaoLi-feng CenTing WangTong YiXun-long ShiHui-juan DuanZhi DaiHai-yan ZhuJian-guo TangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInfluenza virusviral pneumoniaintestines injuryTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 630-638 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1a25110ba3ff4744b8dc9affac0bb6702024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Mechanisms of dihydromyricetin against hepatocellular carcinoma elucidated by network pharmacology combined with experimental validation10.1080/13880209.2023.22340001744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1a25110ba3ff4744b8dc9affac0bb6702023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2234000https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is extracted from vine tea, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with anti-cancer, liver protection, and cholesterol-lowering effects.Objective This study investigated the mechanism of DMY against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and methods Potential DMY, HCC, and cholesterol targets were collected from relevant databases. PPI networks were created by STRING. Then, the hub genes of co-targets, screened using CytoHubba. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, were performed by Metascape. Based on the above results, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted by using 40–160 μM DMY for 24 h, including transwell migration/invasion assay, western blotting, and Bodipy stain assay.Results Network pharmacology identified 98 common targets and 10 hub genes of DMY, HCC, and cholesterol, and revealed that the anti-HCC effect of DMY may be related to the positive regulation of lipid rafts. Further experiments confirmed that DMY inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and reduces their cholesterol levels in vitro. The IC50 is 894.4, 814.4, 467.8, 1,878.8, 151.8, and 156.9 μM for 97H, Hep3B, Sk-Hep1, SMMC-7721, HepG2, and Huh7 cells, respectively. In addition, DMY downregulates the expression of lipid raft markers (CAV1, FLOT1), as well as EGFR, PI3K, Akt, STAT3, and Erk.Discussion and conclusion The present study reveals that DMY suppresses EGFR and its downstream pathways by reducing cholesterol to disrupt lipid rafts, thereby inhibiting HCC, which provides a promising candidate drug with low toxicity for the treatment of HCC.Shuo ZhangYa-Ning ShiJia GuPeng HeQi-Di AiXu-Dong ZhouWei WangLi QinTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCholesterolhepatocellular carcinoma cellslipid raftTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1108-1119 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:14369220e5b74db6b5e8d27682e8d6d12024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Daphnetin alleviates neuropathic pain in chronic constrictive injury rats via regulating the NF-κB dependent CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21985601744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/14369220e5b74db6b5e8d27682e8d6d12023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2198560https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Daphnetin is a natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Reports have found that it has a strong analgesic effect; however, its analgesic mechanism is unknown.Objective We explored the effect and mechanism of daphnetin on neuropathic pain (NP).Materials and methods The rat model of NP was established by ligation of the sciatic nerve. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Control, Model, Sham, morphine (0.375 mg/kg), and daphnetin (0.0625 and 0.025 mg/kg). Rats were intrathecally injected with drugs or normal saline once daily for three days. Hyperalgesia was evaluated by mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal threshold (TWT). Protein levels were detected using ELISA, immunofluorescence, and western blotting.Results Compared to the Model group, daphnetin improved TWT (46.70 °C vs. 42.20 °C) and MWT (45.60 g vs. 23.60 g), reduced the expression of interleukin-1β (0.99 ng/g vs. 1.42 ng/g), interleukin-6 (0.90 ng/g vs. 1.52 ng/g), and tumor necrosis factor-α (0.93 ng/g vs. 1.52 ng/g) in the sciatic nerve. Daphnetin decreased the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (0.47-fold), phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB (p-IKBα) (0.29-fold), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) (0.48-fold), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (0.42-fold), CXC chemokine ligand type 1 (CXCL1) (0.84-fold), CXC chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2) (0.78-fold) in the spinal cord.Discussion and conclusions Daphnetin alleviates NP by inhibiting inflammation and astrocyte activation in the spinal cord, providing theoretical support for the extensive clinical treatment of NP.Tianrui ZhangWulin LiangWenjing OuMingqian ZhangShuang CuiShuofeng ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNeuralgiadaphnetinastrocytescrosstalkchemokineTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 746-754 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:12420890eec04ef4b0eef4d96ff2a50f2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Glucocorticoid receptors involved in ginsenoside compound K ameliorate adjuvant arthritis by inhibiting the glycolysis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via the NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22415121744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/12420890eec04ef4b0eef4d96ff2a50f2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2241512https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Ginsenoside metabolite compound K (CK) is an active metabolite produced by ginsenosides in vivo that has an anti-arthritic effect related to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). However, the potential mechanisms of CK remain unclear.Objective This study explores the role and potential mechanisms of CK in vivo and in vitro.Materials and methods Adjuvant arthritis (AA) model was induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats; the rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): normal, AA, CK (80 mg/kg), and dexamethasone (Dex) group (1 mg/kg). From day 15, rats were treated with CK (once a day, i.g.) and Dex (once every 3 days, i.p.) for 18 days. To further verify the mechanism of CK, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were stimulated by tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) to establish an inflammatory model in vitro.Results CK (80 mg/kg) reduced paw swelling (52%) and arthritis global assessment (31%) compared to that in AA rats. In addition, CK (80 mg/kg) suppressed GLUT1 (38%), HK2 (50%), and PKM2 (56%) levels compared with those in AA FLS. However, the effects of CK (30 μM) on these events were weakened or enhanced after GR knockdown or overexpression in FLS stimulated by TNF-α (30 ng/mL). CK (80 mg/kg) also downregulated the expression of P65 (61%), p-IκB (92%), and HIF-1α (59%).Discussion and conclusions The inhibition of CK on glycolysis and the NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway is potentially mediated through activating GR. These findings provide experimental evidence for elucidating the molecular mechanism of CK in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Yating WangXiurong BaoHao XianFang WeiYining SongSiyu ZhaoYujie ZhangYumeng WangYing WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInflammationnuclear factor κBhypoxia-inducible factor-1αTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1162-1174 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:12184705d9a642129a5e7f255f4801b42024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Mechanistic exploration of Yiqi Liangxue Shengji prescription on restenosis after balloon injury by integrating metabolomics with network pharmacology10.1080/13880209.2023.22445331744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/12184705d9a642129a5e7f255f4801b42023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244533https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Yiqi Liangxue Shengji prescription (YQLXSJ) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that has long been used for treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Objective To investigate the putative pharmacological mechanism of YQLXSJ on restenosis through an integrated approach utilizing metabolomics and network pharmacology.Materials and methods Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into sham, model, YQLXSJ, and positive groups. YQLXSJ group received the treatment of YQLXSJ (6 g/kg/d, i.g.) and the positive group was treated with atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/d, i.g.). After 4 weeks, the improvement in intimal hyperplasia was evaluated by ultrasound, H&E staining, and immunofluorescence. UPLC–MS/MS technology was utilized to screen the differential metabolites. Network pharmacology was conducted using TCMSP, GeneCards, and Metascape, etc., in combination with metabolomics. Eventually, the core targets were acquired and validated.Results Compared to models, YQLXSJ exhibited decreased intima-media thickness on ultrasound (0.23 ± 0.02 mm vs. 0.20 ± 0.01 mm, p < 0.01) and reduced intima thickness by H&E (30.12 ± 6.05 μm vs. 14.32 ± 1.37 μm, p < 0.01). We identified 18 differential metabolites and 5 core targets such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA), ornithine decarboxylase-1 (ODC1) and group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A). These targets were further confirmed by molecular docking and ELISA.Discussion and conclusions This study confirms the effects of YQLXSJ on restenosis and reveals some biomarkers. TCM has great potential in the prevention and treatment of restenosis by improving metabolic disorders.Tianshi MaoLong XieYanqiong GuoXiang JiJie WanXiaoyun CuiQian FanWei LiuShuai WangWenbo HanQian LinWenhao JiaTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIntimal hyperplasiatraditional Chinese medicineinteraction networkmetabolitesamino acid metabolismTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1260-1273 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:117c0ce17704453ab2b013fdc0af9bb32024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Saponins from Panax japonicus improve neuronal mitochondrial injury of aging rats10.1080/13880209.2023.22445321744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/117c0ce17704453ab2b013fdc0af9bb32023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244532https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Panax japonicus is the dried rhizome of Panax japonicus C.A. Mey. (Araliaceae). Saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ) exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects.Objective We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of SPJ on aging rats.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats (18-months-old) were randomly divided into aging and SPJ groups (n = 8). Five-month-old rats were taken as the adult control (n = 8). The rats were fed a normal chow diet or the SPJ-containing diet (10 or 30 mg/kg) for 4 months. An in vitro model was established by d-galactose (d-Gal) in the SH-SY5Y cell line and pretreated with SPJ (25 and 50 µg/mL). The neuroprotection of SPJ was evaluated via Nissl staining, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting in vivo and in vitro.Results SPJ improved the neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial morphology that are associated with aging. Meanwhile, SPJ up-regulated the protein levels of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) and down-regulated the protein level of dynamin-like protein 1 (Drp1) in the hippocampus of aging rats (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 vs. 22 M). The in vitro studies also demonstrated that SPJ attenuated d-Gal-induced cell senescence concomitant with the improvement in mitochondrial function; SPJ, also up-regulated the Mfn2 and Opa1 protein levels, whereas the Drp1 protein level (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01 vs. d-Gal group) was down-regulated.Discussion and conclusions Further research on the elderly population will contribute to the development and utilization of SPJ for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.Cheng FanJin-Xin WangZhang-E. XiongShan-Shan HuAo-Jia ZhouDing YuanChang-Cheng ZhangZhi-Yong ZhouTing WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleSPJmitochondrial fission fusionmitochondrial functionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1401-1412 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1152140cb61f45dbbb531e16561719a32024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Mechanism investigation of Duhuo Jisheng pill against rheumatoid arthritis based on a strategy for the integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vivo experimental verification10.1080/13880209.2023.22528541744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1152140cb61f45dbbb531e16561719a32023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2252854https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Duhuo Jisheng pill (DHJS) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The effective components and therapeutic mechanisms of DHJS for treating RA are still unclear.Objective To explore the potential mechanism of DHJS against RA by means of network pharmacology and experimental verification.Materials and methods A network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis based on phytochemistry was used to elucidate the mechanism of DHJS against RA. The targets of DHJS anti-RA active ingredient were obtained by searching TCMSP, ETCM and TCMSID. The RA model induced by collagen was established in Wistar rats. The rats in the DHJS group were administered doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg for a period of 10 d. The expression of targets was measured with Western blot.Results Network pharmacology analysis showed that the anti-RA effect of DHJS was mediated by targets involved in immunity, inflammation and apoptosis, as well as PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signalling pathways. Of 2.0 g/kg DHJS significantly alleviated the ankle inflammation (IL-6: 62.73 ± 8.39 pg/mL, IL-1β: 50.49 ± 11.47 pg/mL, TNF-α: 16.88 ± 3.05 pg/mL, IL-17A: 12.55 ± 1.87 pg/mL, IL-10: 16.24 ± 3.00 pg/mL), comparing with the model group (IL-6: 92.02 ± 13.25 pg/mL, IL-1β: 71.85 ± 4.12 pg/mL, TNF-α: 25.64 ± 3.69 pg/mL, IL-17A: 22.14 ± 4.56 pg/mL, IL-10: 9.51 ± 3.03 pg/mL) (p < 0.05). Moreover, the protein expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-p65 significantly decreased after DHJS administration.Conclusions DHJS could alleviate the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) by the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signalling pathway.Ping XinXiaoyun XuHuaxi ZhangYuezhou HuChengjie DengShiqin SunShuang LiuXuegang ZhouHongxing MaXiaoliang LiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicinemolecular mechanismbioinformation technologyPI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathwayTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1431-1445 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:0e03ca3dbb55427182d4995d10ad22e82024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Exploring the pharmacological mechanisms of Shuanghuanglian against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation10.1080/13880209.2023.21687031744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/0e03ca3dbb55427182d4995d10ad22e82023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2168703https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Due to the poor prognosis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL), there is an urgent need to identify safer and more cost-effective drugs.Objective This study evaluated the antitumour activity of Shuanghuanglian (SHL) on T-ALL cells and elucidated the mechanism.Materials and methods Jurkat and Molt4 cells were treated with SHL (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The controls were treated with RPMI 1640 containing 10% foetal bovine serum. Cell viability was evaluated through Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Patterns of death and signalling pathway alterations caused by SHL were identified by network pharmacology combined with GO enrichment analysis and then were verified by Hoechst 33342 staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and Western blotting. Interactions of the active ingredients with targets were analysed by molecular docking.Results The IC50 values of SHL in Jurkat and Molt4 cells were 0.30 ± 0.10 and 0.48 ± 0.07 mg/mL, respectively, at 24 h and 0.27 ± 0.05 and 0.30 ± 0.03 mg/mL at 48 h. In T-ALL, 117 target genes of SHL were mainly enriched in the apoptosis and NOTCH signalling pathways. SHL induced apoptosis was confirmed by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-7 and cleaved PARP were significantly increased but those of cleaved NOTCH1 and MYC were reduced. The active ingredients of SHL can interact with γ-secretase.Discussion and conclusions: SHL induces apoptosis in T-ALL cells via the NOTCH1-MYC pathway and may be a potential drug for the treatment of T-ALL.You YangYan YangYunfu ShenJing LiuYan ZengChengming WeiChunyan LiuYansha PanQulian GuoFangfang ZhongLing GuoWenjun LiuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleT-ALLNOTCH1apoptosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 259-270 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:057df61facdc464f865bdb5e00f1d1be2024-03-29T11:10:26ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Hyperoside ameliorates cerebral ischaemic–reperfusion injury by opening the TRPV4 channel in vivo through the IP3-PKC signalling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22283791744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/057df61facdc464f865bdb5e00f1d1be2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2228379https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Hyperoside (Hyp), one of the active flavones from Rhododendron (Ericaceae), has beneficial effects against cerebrovascular disease. However, the effect of Hyp on vasodilatation has not been elucidated.Objective To explore the effect of Hyp on vasodilatation in the cerebral basilar artery (CBA) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats suffering with ischaemic–reperfusion (IR) injury.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, model, Hyp, Hyp + channel blocker and channel blocker groups. Hyp (50 mg/kg, IC50 = 18.3 μg/mL) and channel blocker were administered via tail vein injection 30 min before ischaemic, followed by 20 min of ischaemic and 2 h of reperfusion. The vasodilation, hyperpolarization, ELISA assay, haematoxylin–eosin (HE), Nissl staining and channel-associated proteins and qPCR were analysed. Rat CBA smooth muscle cells were isolated to detect the Ca2+ concentration and endothelial cells were isolated to detect apoptosis rate.Results Hyp treatment significantly ameliorated the brain damage induced by IR and evoked endothelium-dependent vasodilation rate (47.93 ± 3.09% vs. 2.99 ± 1.53%) and hyperpolarization (–8.15 ± 1.87 mV vs. −0.55 ± 0.42 mV) by increasing the expression of IP3R, PKC, transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 4 (TRPV4), IKCa and SKCa in the CBA. Moreover, Hyp administration significantly reduced the concentration of Ca2+ (49.08 ± 7.74% vs. 83.52 ± 6.93%) and apoptosis rate (11.27 ± 1.89% vs. 23.44 ± 2.19%) in CBA. Furthermore, these beneficial effects of Hyp were blocked by channel blocker.Discussion and conclusions Although Hyp showed protective effect in ischaemic stroke, more clinical trial certification is needed due to the difference between animals and humans.Lei ShiChenchen JiangHanghang XuJiangping WuJiajun LuYuxiang HeXiuyun YinZhuo ChenDi CaoXuebin ShenXuefeng HouJun HanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTraditional Chinese medicineischaemic strokecerebral vasodilationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1000-1012 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e2ea2407496a42d180f8498867dd8f0c2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Exploring the mechanisms of action of Zengye decoction (ZYD) against Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) using network pharmacology and animal experiment10.1080/13880209.2023.22481881744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/e2ea2407496a42d180f8498867dd8f0c2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2248188https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Zengye decoction (ZYD) has been considered to have a curative effect on Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain obscure.Objectives This research explores the mechanisms of ZYD against SS.Materials and methods The active compounds and targets of ZYD were searched in the TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases. SS-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards database. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses elucidated the molecular mechanisms. Animal experiments were performed using 8 C57BL/6 mice that served as the control group (physiological saline treatment) and 16 NOD mice randomly divided into the model group (physiological saline treatment) and the ZYD group (ZYD treatment) for 8 weeks to verify the therapeutic effects of ZYD on SS.Results Twenty-nine active compounds with 313 targets of ZYD and 1038 SS-related targets were screened. Thirty-two common targets were identified. β-Sitosterol and stigmasterol might be important components. GO analysis suggested that the action of ZYD against SS mainly involved oxidative stress, apoptotic processes, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding, etc. KEGG analysis indicated the most significant signaling pathway was apoptosis-multiple species. Animal experiments showed that ZYD improved lymphocytic infiltration of the submandibular glands (SMGs), reduced the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17, upregulated the expression of Bcl-2, and downregulated the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in the model mice.Discussion and conclusion ZYD has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on SS, which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of SS with ZYD.Jiake YuShuying WangJie YangWuxinrui HuangBeikang TangWeijun PengJing TianTaylor & Francis GrouparticleNOD miceβ-sitosterolstigmasterolinflammationapoptosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1286-1297 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:d2a3c571ab7e475ba6aa6c750aadb8cb2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Gastrodin attenuates angiotensin II-induced vascular contraction and MLCK/p-MLC2 pathway activation10.1080/13880209.2023.22075911744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/d2a3c571ab7e475ba6aa6c750aadb8cb2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2207591https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Gastrodin has been used as antihypertension therapy in China; however, the mechanisms underlying the effects of gastrodin have yet to be fully elucidated.Objective To explore the therapeutic efficiency of gastrodin as an antihypertensive and determine the mechanisms underlying this effect.Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice were continuously administered angiotensin II (Ang II) (500 ng/kg/min) to induce hypertension. Mice were randomly divided into control, Ang II and Ang II + gastrodin groups. Mice received intragastric administration of gastrodin (5 mg/kg) or double distilled water once a day for 4 weeks. Blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), thickness of the abdominal aorta, pathological morphology and differential expression transcripts (DETs) were assessed. Abdominal aorta rings and primary isolated vascular smooth muscle cells were subjected to Ang II stimulation to induce hypertension as ex vivo and in vitro models, respectively. Vascular ring tension, release of Ca2+ and levels of proteins involved in the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)/phospho-myosin light chain 2 (p-MLC2) pathway were determined.Results Gastrodin treatment attenuated increases in blood pressure, PWV and thickness of the abdominal aorta. Treatment with gastrodin resulted in 2785 DETs and the enrichment of vascular contraction and calcium signalling pathways. Gastrodin treatment attenuated Ang II-induced vasoconstriction, produced a norepinephrine-precontracted vasodilation effect (attenuated by verapamil), and reduced intracellular Ca2+ release. Furthermore, gastrodin suppressed activation of the MLCK/p-MLC2 pathway in vivo and in vitro.Conclusions Gastrodin treatment lowers blood pressure, suppresses Ang II-induced vascular contraction and MLCK/p-MLC2 pathway activation, thereby demonstrating the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of gastrodin as an antihypertensive.Zhi GuoXuan YangMeizhu WuAling ShenJiapeng LiXiuli ZhangYing ChengQiurong XieJun PengTaylor & Francis GrouparticleHypertensionvascular smooth muscle cellsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 858-867 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c6ad55a7006e4a2ea442d5387f9e31cc2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Lantana camara leaf extract ameliorates memory deficit and the neuroinflammation associated with scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s-like cognitive impairment in zebrafish and mice10.1080/13880209.2023.22091301744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/c6ad55a7006e4a2ea442d5387f9e31cc2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2209130https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) is used for improving memory in certain African societies.Objective This study investigated the effect of prophylactic treatment with hydroethanolic leaf extract of Lantana camara (LCE) on short-term memory deficit and neuroinflammation induced with scopolamine in zebrafish and mice.Materials and methods Zebrafish (AB strain) and mice (ICR) were given donepezil (0.65 mg/kg, oral) and LCE (10, 30, 100 mg/kg, oral) for 7, and 10 days, respectively, before induction of cognitive impairment with scopolamine immersion (200 µM) and intraperitoneal injection (2 mg/kg), respectively. Spatial short-term memory was assessed in zebrafish using both Y- and T-mazes, whereas Y-maze was used in mice. Mice hippocampal and cortical tissues were analyzed for mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2) using qRT-PCR.Results In the zebrafish Y-maze, LCE (10 and 100 mg/kg) increased time spent in the novel arm by 55.89 ± 5.70%, and 68.21 ± 2.75%, respectively, but not at 30 mg/kg. In the zebrafish T-maze, there was an increase in time spent in the food-containing arm at 30 (44.23 ± 2.13) and 100 mg/kg (52.30 ± 1.94). In the mouse Y-maze, spontaneous alternation increased by 52.89 ± 4.98% at only 10 mg/kg. LCE (10, 30, 100 mg/kg) inhibited proinflammatory gene (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2) mRNA expression, with the highest inhibitory effect on IL-6 in both the hippocampus (83.27 ± 2.49%; 100 mg/kg) and the cortex (98.74 ± 0.11%; 10 mg/kg).Discussion and conclusion LCE ameliorated scopolamine-induced AD in both zebrafish and mice.Veronica AmoahPaul AtawuchugiYakubu JibiraAugustine TandohPaul Poku Sampene OsseiGeorge SamGeorge AinoosonTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAlzheimer’s diseaseqRT-PCRT-mazeY-mazecytokinesTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 825-838 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:bee7c3ce0d37404b9b4b5d52a5a8b5182024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Identification of Rab7 as an autophagy marker: potential therapeutic approaches and the effect of Qi Teng Xiao Zhuo granule in chronic glomerulonephritis10.1080/13880209.2023.22339981744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/bee7c3ce0d37404b9b4b5d52a5a8b5182023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2233998https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Qi Teng Xiao Zhuo granule (QTXZG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for therapeutic effects on chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of QTXZG on CGN by proteomics.Materials and methods The CGN model was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by injecting adriamycin (3.5 mg/kg, Day 1; 3.0 mg/kg, Day 14) twice through the tail vein. Urine samples were collected on the 21st day; and the rats divided randomly into control, adriamycin, QTXZG administration groups. Rats in the QTXZG group received QTXZG (10.8 g/kg); control and adriamycin groups were given physiological saline once per day for 30 days. Proteomics was applied to identify the candidate proteins combined with autophagy database and verified by immunofluorescence (IF) and western blots (WB).Results 278 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified based on proteomics and Rab7 was screened as an autophagy protein biomarker. In vitro cell experiments, we found that QTXZG (20%, IC50 = 23.47%) could decrease the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, while increasing the expression of Pink1, Parkin, Rab7, Podocalyxin. The cell apoptosis rate increased from 6.68 ± 0.07 to 11.03 ± 0.36%. Overexpression of Rab7 resulted in an increase in autophagy relevant protein expression.Discussion and conclusion TCM CGN-regulating herbs (QTXZG) can exert therapeutic effects by affecting the Rab7/Pink1/Parkin pathway to promote mitochondrial autophagy. New breakthroughs in targeted Rab7 may eventually enable such applications.Xiujuan QinHuiyu ChenXiaoli ZhuXianjin XuJiarong GaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleProteomicsTCMDEPsmitophagymechanismsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1120-1134 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:b96031a058624c559b70b4dce3d253aa2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Promising anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-inflammatory metabolites from unused parts of Phoenix dactylifera CV ‘Zaghloul’: in vitro and in silico study10.1080/13880209.2023.22008411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/b96031a058624c559b70b4dce3d253aa2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2200841https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Date palm waste is an agricultural waste that accumulates in massive amounts causing serious pollution and environmental problems.Objectives Date palm trees, Phoenix dactylifera Linn CV ‘Zaghloul’ (Arecaceae) grown in Egypt, leave behind waste products that were investigated to produce compounds with anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-inflammatory activities.Materials and methods Chromatographic workup of P. dactylifera aqueous methanol extract derived from fibrous mesh and fruit bunch (without fruit) afforded a new sesquiterpene lactone derivative, phodactolide A (1), along with ten known compounds (2–11), primarily identified as polyphenols. Chemical structures were unambiguously elucidated based on mass and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy. All isolated compounds were assessed for their activities against H. pylori using broth micro-well dilution method and clarithromycin as a positive control. The anti-inflammatory response of isolated compounds was evaluated by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme using TMPD Assay followed by an in silico study to validate their mechanism of action using celecoxib as a standard drug.Results Compounds 4, 6 and 8–10 exhibited potent anti-H. pylori activity with MIC values ranging from 0.48 to 1.95 µg/mL that were comparable to or more potent than clarithromycin. For COX-2 inhibitory assay, 4, 7 and 8 revealed promising activities with IC50 values of 1.04, 0.65 and 0.45 μg/mL, respectively. These results were verified by molecular docking studies, where 4, 7 and 8 showed the best interactions with key amino acid residues of COX-2 active site.Conclusion The present study characterizes a new sesquiterpene lactone and recommends 4 and 8 for future in vivo studies as plausible anti-ulcer remedies.Nada ElhefniSherif S. EbadaMarwa M. Abdel-AzizEl-Sayed M. MarwanSaleh El-SharkawyMona El-NeketiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleDate palm wasteCOX-2 inhibitorsmolecular dockingTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 657-665 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:b8d521cb0c844c07a37d28088396395a2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from Glaucium corniculatum var. corniculatum and Glaucium grandiflorum subsp. refractum var. torquatum with bioactivity studies10.1080/13880209.2023.22188811744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/b8d521cb0c844c07a37d28088396395a2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2218881https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext The genus Glaucium Mill., one of the important Papaveraceae family plants, is rich in isoquinoline alkaloids and distributed worldwide.Objective Isolation and identification of bioactive alkaloids from Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss. & Huet. subsp. refractum (Nabelek) Mory var. torquatum (Cullen) Mory and G. corniculatum (L.) Rudolph var. corniculatum (Aslan 2012), and investigation of their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities.Materials and methods The aerial parts of each plant were dried, powdered, and percolated with methanol, then each extract was fractionated between 50% aqueous acetic acid and petroleum. Their aqueous acidic layer was adjusted to pH 7–8 with NH4OH and extracted with chloroform, the extract was subjected to CC separation and isolation. Structures of the isolated alkaloids were elucidated by 1D and 2D-NMR and mass spectral analyses. The alkaloid extracts and their pure alkaloids were tested for anti-cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) and antioxidant (ABTS, CUPRAC, β-carotene linoleic acid tests) activities in vitro.Results Methanol extracts of Glaucium grandiflorum subsp. refractum var. torquatum and G. corniculatum var. corniculatum afforded a novel compound glauciumoline and seven known isoquinoline alkaloids three of which have an aporphine-type and the other five have a protopine-type skeleton. Among them, trans-protopinium (7) and cis-protopinium (8) were isolated from a Glaucium species for the first time. Tertiary amine extracts (TAEs) of both plants showed very strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The TAE of the plants also showed strong antioxidant activity while the isolated alkaloids showed no meaningful activity in the anticholinesterase and antioxidant tests.Discussion and conclusions Glaucium species are considered promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.Tuba Kusman SaygiNur TanGülbahar Özge Alim ToramanCaglayan Unsal GurerOsman TugayGulacti TopcuTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGlauciumglauciumolineglaucineaporphineprotopinestructure elucidationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 907-917 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:add9d7f313c14b52b86045e0828542622024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Evaluation of topical methylene blue nanoemulsion for wound healing in diabetic mice10.1080/13880209.2023.22543411744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/add9d7f313c14b52b86045e0828542622023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2254341https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Diabetic wounds (DW) are a complication of diabetes and slow wound healing is the main manifestation. Methylene blue (MB) has been shown to exhibit therapeutic effects on diabetes-related diseases.Objective To investigate the mechanisms of action of MB-nanoemulsion (NE) in the treatment of DW.Materials and methods The concentration of MB-NE used in the in vivo and in vitro experiments was 0.1 mg/mL. Streptozocin-induced diabetic mice were used as models. The mice were separated into nondiabetic, diabetic, MB-NE treated, and NE-treated groups. Intervention of high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells using MB-NE. The mechanism by which MB-NE promotes DW healing is investigated by combining histological analysis, immunofluorescence analysis, TUNEL and ROS assays and western blotting.Results In diabetic mice, the MB-NE accelerated DW healing (p < 0.05), promoted the expression of endothelial cell markers (α-SMA, CD31 and VEGF) (p < 0.05), and reduced TUNEL levels. In vitro, MB accelerated the migration rate of cells (p < 0.05); promoted the expression of CD31, VEGF, anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 (p < 0.05) and decreased the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase-3 and Bax (p < 0.05). MB upregulated the expression of Nrf2, catalase, HO-1 and SOD2 (p < 0.05). In addition, MB reduced the immunofluorescence intensity of TUNEL and ROS in cells and reduced apoptosis. The therapeutic effect of MB was attenuated after treatment with an Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385).Discussion and conclusion This study provides a foundation for the application of MB-NE in the treatment of DW.Yu GaoZhounan JiangBin XuRan MoShiyan LiYanan JiangDemei ZhaoWangbin CaoBin ChenMeng TianQian TanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleDiabetic woundNrf2inhibit apoptosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1462-1473 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:889e1c45372f4f1ebe395d67cbbcb2712024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Acacetin-loaded microemulsion for transdermal delivery: preparation, optimization and evaluation10.1080/13880209.2023.22075971744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/889e1c45372f4f1ebe395d67cbbcb2712023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2207597https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Acacetin is reported as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, clinical applications are limited by poor water solubility, limited ethanol solubility, and extremely low oral bioavailability.Objective The present study prepared and evaluated acacetin-loaded microemulsion (ME) to achieve efficient pharmacokinetics together with no or minimal invasiveness for transdermal delivery.Materials and methods The formulation of ME was determined by the water titration method based on solubility results. The optimized formulation was achieved by the simplex lattice experiment design. The optimized ME formulations FA, FB and FC (FA with 10% and 50% DMSO as enhancers, respectively) were evaluated by ex vivo permeation with Franz diffusion cell and excised mice skin. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were also performed at 8 mg/kg in rats within 6 h by transdermal administration.Results The optimal ME (FA) was comprised of 12.2% caprylic acid decanoate monoditriglyceride (MCF-NF), 39.8% Smix (RH40: Trans = 2:1 w/w) and 48% water, respectively. Acacetin-loaded FA with particle size 36.0 ± 3.6 nm and drug solubility 803.7 ± 32.1 mg/g was prepared. FB had significantly higher cumulative amounts and higher AUC0-∞ (196.6 ± 11.0 min × μg/mL, p < 0.05) than that FA alone (121.4 ± 33.1 min × μg/mL).Discussion and conclusions The formulation of ME combined with the penetration enhancer can effectively improve the solubility and percutaneous absorption efficiency of acacetin, providing a new option for the non-invasive delivery of acacetin.Yajing WangQian ChenXianfeng HuangXiaojing YanTaylor & Francis GrouparticleEmulsionssolubilitysimplex lattice experiment designpermeation enhancerspharmacokineticsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 790-798 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:81444633c4104bcb970d4f8452d898e22024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Zhizhu decoction alleviates slow transit constipation by regulating aryl hydrocarbon receptor through gut microbiota10.1080/13880209.2022.21570201744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/81444633c4104bcb970d4f8452d898e22023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157020https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Slow transit constipation (STC), the most common type of constipation, seriously affects the life of patients. Zhizhu decoction (ZZD), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, has is effective against functional constipation, but the mechanism is still unclear.Objective This research explores the mechanism of ZZD on STC from the perspective of metabolomics and gut microbiota.Materials and methods Fifty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 9): control (control); STC (model); positive control (positive); low-dose (5 g/kg; L-ZZD), medium-dose (10 g/kg; M-ZZD), and high-dose (20 g/kg; H-ZZD) ZZD treatment. Following treatment of mice with ZZD for two weeks, the changes in intestinal motility, colon histology, intestinal neurotransmitters, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway determined the effects of ZZD on the pathophysiology of STC. LC-MS targeting serum metabolomics was used to analyze the regulation of ZZD on neurotransmitters, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to detect the regulation of the gut microbiome.Results ZZD had the highest content of naringin (6348.1 mg/L), and could significantly increase the 24 h defecations (1.10- to 1.42-fold), fecal moisture (1.14-fold) and intestinal transport rate (1.28-fold) of STC mice, increased the thickness of the mucosal and muscular tissue (1.18- to 2.16-fold) and regulated the neurotransmitters in the colon of STC mice. Moreover, ZZD significantly activated the AHR signaling pathway, and also affected the composition of gut microbiota in STC mice.Discussion and conclusions The beneficial effect and the possible mechanism of ZZD on STC could provide a theoretical basis for the broader clinical application of ZZD.Yong WenYu ZhanShiyu TangFang LiuRong WuPengfei KongQian LiXuegui TangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleIntestinal neurotransmittersintestinal motilitymetabolomics16S rRNA sequencingfunctional constipationTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 111-124 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7db34366c57e4e51a9bf7e50ff444b1d2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract as an adjuvant in the treatment of Chinese patients with sudden hearing loss: a meta-analysis10.1080/13880209.2023.21907821744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7db34366c57e4e51a9bf7e50ff444b1d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2190782https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Ginkgo biloba Linn (Ginkgoaceae) [leaves extract (GBE)] is authorized for the treatment of sudden hearing loss (SHL); however, its clinical feasibility in SHL has not been thoroughly investigated.Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant GBE in the treatment of SHL.Materials and methods We used PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, China Biomedical Database for literature research, starting from inception to 30 June 2022. The key terms: Ginkgo biloba extract, Sudden Sensorineural Deafness. This meta-analysis contained randomized controlled trials that compared the safety and efficacy of the combination of GBE and general treatments (GT) with GT alone for SHL. The extracted data were analyzed using Revman5.4 software with risk ratio (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and mean difference (MD).Results Our meta-analysis included 27 articles with a total of 2623 patients. The results revealed that the effects of GBE adjuvant therapy was superior than GT (total effective rate: RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18–1.26, p < 0.00001), the pure tone hearing threshold (MD = 12.29, 95% CI: 11.74–12.85, p < 0.00001) and hemorheology indexes (whole blood high shear viscosity: MD = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.47–2.44, p = 0.004) after treatment were significantly improved compared to non-treatment, while there was no significant difference as for hematocrit (red blood cells) (MD = 4.15, 95% CI: −7.15–15.45, p = 0.47).Conclusion The efficacy of GBE + GT for the treatment of SHL may be more promising than GT alone.Chao YuanHuan ZhangCuicui SunKai ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGBESHLtotal effective ratecure ratepure tone hearing thresholdhemorheologyTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 610-620 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:7d0bcba8d9894f169b241e605f183ca82024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Stigmasterol alleviates allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma mice through inhibiting substance-P receptor10.1080/13880209.2023.21732521744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/7d0bcba8d9894f169b241e605f183ca82023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173252https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Stigmasterol has significant anti-arthritis and anti-inflammatory effects, but its role in immune and inflammatory diseases is still unclear.Objective The potential advantages of stigmasterol in asthma were explored in IL-13-induced BEAS-2B cells and asthmatic mice.Materials and methods The optimal target of stigmasterol was confirmed in asthma. After detecting the cytotoxicity of stigmasterol in BEAS-2B cells, 10 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL stigmasterol were incubated with the BEAS-2B cell model for 48 h, and anti-inflammation and antioxidative stress were verified. Asthmatic mice were induced by OVA and received 100 mg/kg stigmasterol for 7 consecutive days. After 28 days, lung tissues and BAL fluid were collected for the following study. To further verify the role of NK1-R, 0.1 μM WIN62577 (NK1-R specific antagonist), and 1 μM recombinant human NK1-R protein were applied.Results NK1-R was the potential target of stigmasterol. When the concentration of stigmasterol is 20 μg/mL, the survival rate of BEAS-2B cells is about 98.4%, which is non-toxic. Stigmasterol exerted anti-inflammation and antioxidant stress in a dose-dependent manner and decreased NK1-R expression in IL-13-induced BEAS-2B. Meanwhile, in vivo assay also indicated the anti-inflammation and antioxidant stress of stigmasterol after OVA challenge. Stigmasterol inhibited inflammation infiltration and mucus hypersecretion, and NK1-R expression.Discussion and Conclusions The protective effect of stigmaterol on asthma and its underlying mechanism have been discussed in depth, providing a theoretical basis and more possibilities for its treatment of asthma.Jimei ZhangChonghong ZhangLi MiaoZimin MengNing GuGuifang SongTaylor & Francis GrouparticleInflammation responseoxidative stressmucus hypersecretionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 449-458 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:79a4ba7b298642aaa32f83b48285d1362024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Assessments of CYP‑inhibition‑based drug–drug interaction between vonoprazan and poziotinib in vitro and in vivo10.1080/13880209.2023.21732531744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/79a4ba7b298642aaa32f83b48285d1362023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2173253https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Poziotinib and vonoprazan are two drugs mainly metabolized by CYP3A4. However, the drug-drug interaction between them is unknown.Objective To study the interaction mechanism and pharmacokinetics of poziotinib on vonoprazan.Materials and methods In vitro experiments were performed with rat liver microsomes (RLMs) and the contents of vonoprazan and its metabolite were then determined with UPLC-MS/MS after incubation of RLMs with vonoprazan and gradient concentrations of poziotinib. For the in vivo experiment, rats in the poziotinib treated group were given 5 mg/kg poziotinib by gavage once daily for 7 days, and the control group was only given 0.5% CMC-Na. On Day 8, tail venous blood was collected at different time points after the gavage administration of 10 mg/kg vonoprazan, and used for the quantification of vonoprazan and its metabolite. DAS and SPSS software were used for the pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses.Results In vitro experimental data indicated that poziotinib inhibited the metabolism of vonoprazan (IC50 = 10.6 μM) in a mixed model of noncompetitive and uncompetitive inhibition. The inhibitory constant Ki was 0.574 μM and the binding constant αKi was 2.77 μM. In vivo experiments revealed that the AUC(0-T) (15.05 vs. 90.95 μg/mL·h) and AUC(0-∞) (15.05 vs. 91.99 μg/mL·h) of vonoprazan increased significantly with poziotinib pretreatment. The MRT(0-∞) of vonoprazan increased from 2.29 to 5.51 h, while the CLz/F value decreased from 162.67 to 25.84 L/kg·h after pretreatment with poziotinib.Conclusions Poziotinib could significantly inhibit the metabolism of vonoprazan and more care may be taken when co-administered in the clinic.Shan ZhouFang-Ling ZhaoShuang-Hu WangYi-Ran WangYun HongQuan ZhouPei-Wu GengQing-Feng LuoJian-Ping CaiDa-Peng DaiTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCYP3A4pharmacokineticsdrug inhibitionUPLC-MS/MSTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 356-361 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:72edc264b532474ca9817af92adad3a42024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Cardioprotective effects of arjunolic acid in LPS-stimulated H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes via the MyD88-dependent TLR4 signaling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22302511744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/72edc264b532474ca9817af92adad3a42023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2230251https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid saponin found in Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae). It exerts cardiovascular protective effects as a phytomedicine. However, it is unclear how AA exerts the effects at the molecular level.Objective This study investigates the cardioprotective effects of arjunolic acid (AA) via MyD88-dependant TLR4 downstream signaling marker expression.Materials and methods The MTT viability assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of AA. LPS induced in vitro cardiovascular disease model was developed in H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes. The treatment groups were designed such as control (untreated), LPS control, positive control (LPS + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC)-25 µM), and treatment groups were co-treated with LPS and three concentrations of AA (50, 75, and 100 µM) for 24 h. The changes in the expression of TLR4 downstream signaling markers were evaluated through High Content Screening (HCS) and Western Blot (WB) analysis.Results After 24 h of co-treatment, the expression of TLR4, MyD88, MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB markers were upregulated significantly (2-6 times) in the LPS-treated groups compared to the untreated control in both HCS and WB experiments. Evidently, the HCS analysis revealed that MyD88, NF-κB, p38, and JNK were significantly downregulated in the H9C2 myotube in the AA treated groups. In HCS, the expression of NF-κB was downregulated in C2C12. Additionally, TLR4 expression was downregulated in both H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes in the WB experiment.Discussion and conclusions TLR4 marker expression in H9C2 and C2C12 myotubes was subsequently decreased by AA treatment, suggesting possible cardioprotective effects of AA.Md Mahmudul HasanPriya MadhavanNur Adelina Ahmad NoruddinWai Kwan LauQamar Uddin AhmedAditya AryaZainul Amiruddin ZakariaTaylor & Francis GrouparticleH9C2 myotubeC2C12 myotubeskeletal muscle cellcardiovascular diseasehigh content screeningMyD88Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1135-1151 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:608d24d98e91441f9d932fa2f6f7ba202024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Loke zupa decoction attenuates bronchial EMT-mediated airway remodelling in chronic asthma through the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.22445431744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/608d24d98e91441f9d932fa2f6f7ba202023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2244543https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Loke zupa decoction (Lok) is a well-established classic Chinese folk remedy for asthma.Objective We sought to investigate the effect and mechanism of Lok on asthma airway remodelling and provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of asthma.Materials and methods For in vitro experiments, BEAS-2B cells were assigned into six groups: Control, TGF-β1 (10 μM), TGF-β1 + Lok-20, TGF-β1 + Lok-40, TGF-β1 + Lok-80 μg/mL and TGF-β1 + SB431542 (5 μM). CCK8 and wound healing assays were performed. For in vivo experiments, 60 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: Control, model, Lok-4.55, Lok-9.1, and DEX group. Lok was administrated by gavage during the challenge stage for 8 consecutive weeks (4.55 and 9.1 g/kg/day). We investigated airway inflammation and airway remodelling in the lungs and verified the activation status of EMT-related markers and the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signalling pathway.Results In vitro, Lok efficiently inhibited TGF-β1-induced BEAS-2B cell proliferation ability (cell viability 165% vs. 105%) and migration (migration areas 85% vs. 35%) without affecting their normal growth (IC50 274.2 µg/mL at 48 h). In vivo, Lok effectively protected mice from asthma, as evidenced by decreased histological damage and level of cytokines in BALF (IL-4, IL-13 and TGF-β1) by 17%–77%. Mechanistic research revealed that Lok reduced the levels of EMT-related molecules and significantly downregulated the PI3K-Akt/HIF-1α signalling pathway.Discussion and conclusions Our findings provide novel insights into the protective effect of Lok on asthma and the underlying mechanisms, providing a theoretical basis and potential treatment possibilities for this patient population.Jiani LiuLi LiXue HanYue ChenJuanjuan DiaoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleBEAS-2B cellscytokinelungE-CadherinN-CadherinTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1332-1342 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4a1c939d3f134507a3e7ef95486386062024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Guilu-Erxian-Glue alleviates Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside-induced oligoasthenospermia in rats by resisting ferroptosis via the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway10.1080/13880209.2023.21651141744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/4a1c939d3f134507a3e7ef95486386062023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2165114https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Guilu-Erxian-Glue (GLEXG) is a traditional Chinese formula used to improve male reproductive dysfunction.Objective To investigate the ferroptosis resistance of GLEXG in the improvement of semen quality in the oligoasthenospermia (OAS) rat model.Materials and methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administered Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside, a compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. (Celastraceae), at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day, to establish an OAS model. Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham, model, low-dose GLEXG (GLEXGL, 0.25 g/kg/day), moderate-dose GLEXG (GLEXGM, 0.50 g/kg/day), high-dose GLEXG (GLEXGH, 1.00 g/kg/day) and vitamin E (0.01 g/kg/day) group. The semen quality, structure and function of sperm mitochondria, histopathology, levels of oxidative stress and iron, and mRNA levels and protein expression in the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, were analyzed.Results Compared with the model group, GLEXGH significantly improved sperm concentration (35.73 ± 15.42 vs. 17.40 ± 4.12, p < 0.05) and motility (58.59 ± 11.06 vs. 28.59 ± 9.42, p < 0.001), and mitigated testicular histopathology. Moreover, GLEXGH markedly reduced the ROS level (5684.28 ± 1345.47 vs. 15500.44 ± 2307.39, p < 0.001) and increased the GPX4 level (48.53 ± 10.78 vs. 23.14 ± 11.04, p < 0.01), decreased the ferrous iron level (36.31 ± 3.66 vs. 48.64 ± 7.74, p < 0.05), and rescued sperm mitochondrial morphology and potential via activating the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.Discussion and conclusions Ferroptosis resistance from GLEXG might be driven by activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. Targeting ferroptosis is a novel approach for OAS therapy.Jin DingBaowei LuLumei LiuZixuan ZhongNeng WangBonan LiWen ShengQinghu HeTaylor & Francis GrouparticleGuilu-Erxian-GlueoligoasthenospermiaKeap1/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathwayferroptosisTripterygium wilfordii polyglycosideTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 213-227 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:25819d361f03447b98b3f335837362dd2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Metformin ameliorates ferroptosis in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion by reducing NOX4 expression via promoting AMPKα10.1080/13880209.2023.22127001744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/25819d361f03447b98b3f335837362dd2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2212700https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Metformin (Met) has a protective effect against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury.Objective This study uncovered the Met effect on ferroptosis in cardiac I/R.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats underwent cardiac I/R treatment (ischaemia 30 min; reperfusion 24 h) (I/R group), and administered intravenously with Met (200 mg/kg) (I/R + Met group). Haematoxylin–eosin staining, Prussian blue staining, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscope were conducted on cardiac tissues. H9c2 cells underwent oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R group) and treated by Met (0.1 mM) (OGD/R + Met group). Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) siRNA was transfected into OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and JC-1 staining were conducted on H9c2 cells. Ferroptosis-related indicators and gene expression were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot.Results In cardiac I/R rat, Met decreased heart and serum MDA, cardiac and serum non-heme iron, and serum CK-MB and LDH (inhibition rate: 50.0%, 48.8%, 47.6%, 29.5%, 30.6% and 34.7%, respectively), relieved cardiac tissue ferroptosis and mitochondria damage, increased fraction shortening and ejection fraction (157.5% and 146.2% on day 28, respectively), up-regulated AMPKα and down-regulated NOX4 in cardiac tissues. In OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells, Met (0.1 mM) increased cell viability (promotion rate: 170.0%), decreased non-heme iron and MDA (inhibition rate: 30.1% and 47.9%, respectively), relieved ferroptosis, up-regulated AMPKα and down-regulated NOX4. AMPKα silencing abrogated these effects of Met on the OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells.Discussion and conclusions Met shows effectiveness in relieving ferroptosis in cardiac I/R. In the future, Met may be an effective drug for relieving ferroptosis in cardiac I/R patients clinically.Zhenhua WuYunpeng BaiYujuan QiChao ChangYan JiaoYaobang BaiZhigang GuoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMitochondrial damageROSMDALDHnon-heme ironTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 886-896 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:1a743cc787bc4379b0058188b528e86d2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Correction10.1080/13880209.2023.22540651744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/1a743cc787bc4379b0058188b528e86d2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2254065https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116Taylor & Francis GrouparticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 1413-1413 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:0cd72ecd03db4d9da7c449b3d312fece2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Andrographolide contributes to the attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress10.1080/13880209.2022.21570211744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/0cd72ecd03db4d9da7c449b3d312fece2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2022.2157021https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Andrographolide (Andr) is a bioactive Andr diterpenoid extracted from herbaceous Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. ex Nees (Acanthaceae). Andr can relieve cardiac dysfunction in mice by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway.Objective This study investigates the efficacy and underlying mechanism of Andr on cardiac hypertrophy in mice.Materials and methods Male C57 mice (20–25 g, 6–8 weeks) were divided into four groups (n = 10 mice/group) as sham group (sham operation), transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model group, TAC + Andr 100 mg/kg group and TAC + Andr 200 mg/kg group. Andr groups were given intragastric administration of Andr (100 and 200 mg/kg) once a day for 14 consecutive days. An in vitro hypertrophy model was established by adding 1 μM of Ang II to H9c2 cells for 48 h induction.Results In TAC-mice, Andr improved echocardiographic indices [reduced LVESD (30.4% or 37.1%) and LVEDD (24.8% or 26.4%), increased EF (22.9% or 42.6%) and FS (25.4% or 52.2%)], reduced BNP (11.5% or 23.6%) and Ang II levels (10.3% or 32.8%), attenuates cardiac fibrosis and reduces cardiac cell apoptosis in TAC mice. In vitro, Andr attenuated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and decreased the protein expression of GRP78 (67.8%), GRP94 (47.6%), p-PERK (44.9%) and CHOP (66.8%) in Ang-II-induced H9c2 cells and reversed after endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress agonist Tunicamycin (TN) treatment.Discussion and conclusions Andr was found to be an anti-hypertrophic regulator, which could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing ER stress. It may be a new therapeutic drug for cardiac hypertrophy.Qingxin TianJianlong LiuQin ChenMingxiao ZhangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleTransverse aortic constrictionangiotensin IIheart failurepressure overloadcardiac fibrosisTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 61-68 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:0b324d6a49994626a7832c4d19c34b8b2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5The effect of semen cuscutae flavonoid on Sertoli cells and blood-testis barrier in male infertility: integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification10.1080/13880209.2023.22293801744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/0b324d6a49994626a7832c4d19c34b8b2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2229380https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Semen cuscutae is commonly used to treat male infertility (MI), and semen cuscutae flavonoid (SCF) is the main active component of semen cuscutae. The therapeutic mechanism of SCF on MI is still unclear.Objective To clarify the mechanisms of SCF against MI.Materials and methods Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the potential pathways of SCF against MI. Primary Sertoli cells (SCs) were extracted from testis of 60-day-old rats and divided into Control, Model, and 3 treatment groups. The Control and Model groups were given normal medium, the treatment groups were treated with various concentrations of SCF-containing medium (200, 400, and 800 μg/mL). After 24 h, the Model and treatment groups were exposed to heat stress at 43 °C for 15 min. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of targets.Result Network pharmacology indicated that the treatment of SCF on MI was closely related to PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. The in vitro experiments showed that SCF could up-regulated the expression of AKT, AR, occludin, and Ki67, and down-regulated the expression of CK-18 in SCs after heat stress. The AKT inhibitor could block this process.Conclusions SCF can treat MI by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of SCs and the integrity of the blood-testis barrier. The study could provide experimental basis for clinical research.Chen-xiao LiuSu-qin HuDian-long LiuYa-hui XuKe HuJian GuoTaylor & Francis GrouparticleChinese herbal medicinal ingredientheat stressmolecular dockingPI3K-AKT signaling pathwayTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 986-999 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:040da900396e4f62b9db1883eb77beef2024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Correction10.1080/13880209.2023.22108851744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/040da900396e4f62b9db1883eb77beef2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2210885https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116Taylor & Francis GrouparticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 767-767 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:024fcbc59ca54832a74657b0bb722a922024-03-29T11:10:25ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5Protective effects of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) on vancomycin-induced oxidative nephrotoxic damage in rats10.1080/13880209.2023.22049161744-51161388-0209https://doaj.org/article/024fcbc59ca54832a74657b0bb722a922023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13880209.2023.2204916https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116AbstractContext Vancomycin (VCM), an important antibiotic against refractory infections, has been used to treat secondary infections in severe COVID-19 patients. Regrettably, VCM treatment has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Vitamin D3 can prevent nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant effect.Objective This study tests the antioxidant effect of vitamin D3 in the prevention of VCM-induced nephrotoxicity.Materials and methods Wistar Albino rats (21) were randomly divided into 3 groups: (A) control; (B) VCM 300 mg/kg daily for 1 week; and (C) VCM plus vitamin D3 500 IU/kg daily for 2 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed and serum was separated to determine kidney function parameters. Their kidneys were also dissected for histological examination and for oxidative stress markers.Results Lipid peroxidation, creatinine, and urea levels decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) in the vitamin D3-treated group (14.46, 84.11, 36.17%, respectively) compared to the VCM group that was given VCM (MIC<2 μg/mL) only. A significant increase was observed in superoxide dismutase levels in the vitamin D3-treated group (p < 0.05) compared to rats without treatment. Furthermore, kidney histopathology of the rats treated with vitamin D3 showed that dilatation, vacuolization and necrosis tubules decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with those in the VCM group. Glomerular injury, hyaline dystrophy, and inflammation improved significantly in the vitamin D3 group (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively) compared with the VCM group.Discussion and conclusions Vitamin D3 can prevent VCM nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the appropriate dose of this vitamin must be determined, especially for those infected with COVID-19 and receiving VCM, to manage their secondary infections.Rouba Yasser Al-SrojiShaza Al-LahamAhmad AlmandiliTaylor & Francis GrouparticleCOVID-19nephrotoxicitykidney functionureacreatinineoxidative stressTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 61, Iss 1, Pp 755-766 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:aa9e41d6b8a24615a8b3fee4028313a62024-03-29T11:08:16ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Editorial: The distinctions between ethical and nonethical entrepreneurship10.1108/JEET-12-2023-0192633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/aa9e41d6b8a24615a8b3fee4028313a62023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-12-2023-019/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Sebastian VaduvaEmerald PublishingarticleTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 54-58 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:8919023729bf4828b5ab54fa28fcd6fe2024-03-29T11:08:16ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Exploring entrepreneurial intentions within equine sector from Romania: an environmental economics approach10.1108/JEET-09-2022-00132633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/8919023729bf4828b5ab54fa28fcd6fe2023-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-09-2022-0013/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This study aims to investigate the correlations between latent variables embedded into three clusters (equine agritourism, therapeutic horse riding and equine sports) and entrepreneurial intentions of people interested to invest in equestrian sector. Design/methodology/approach – The authors propose a conceptual framework focused on three latent variables that influence the interest of horse enthusiasts to embrace an entrepreneurial career. Statistical analyses via Pearson’s chi-square tests, analysis of variance (statistical formula used to compare variances across the means (or average) of different groups) and regression analysis have been performed to validate our assumptions. Findings – Findings reveal a high level of interest of from horse enthusiasts to opt for an entrepreneurial career, as funding opportunities in this sector are growing due to European union and national funding available for this endeavour. Originality/value – Very limited research studies have been explored the entrepreneurial intentions in equine industry. This study proves that sports and therapeutic activities influence to the greatest extent, the entrepreneurial intention in the equestrian sector.Oana Daniela LupoaeAlexandru CapatinaRiana Iren RaduVioleta Maria IsaiGeorge Cristian SchinEmerald PublishingarticleQuantitative surveyEntrepreneurial intentionNascent entrepreneursEnvironmental economicsEquine sectorTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 33-51 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:ef262df6ef4c4649937f95d14c1106ca2024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~The Church and techno-theology: a paradigm shift of theology and theological practice to overcome technological disruptions10.1108/JEET-02-2023-00042633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/ef262df6ef4c4649937f95d14c1106ca2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-02-2023-0004/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – First, this paper aims to identify and discuss the paradoxical relationship between theology and technology. Second, it also demonstrates the urgency of the digitalization of the Church ministry. Third, this paper offers an understanding of technology and theology through the missional perspective of the Church. Fourth, this paper asks the following questions: (1) Can the Church innovate ways of using technology while maintaining the social aspect of the organism? (2) Can organizations migrate to digital technology with adequate technology/human interface to engage innovations? (3) How can organizations renew their products via technological platforms? (4) From a socio-technical perspective on the digital era, can the Church keep abreast of its workforce in a way that provides adequate participative opportunities? and finally, this paper further interacts with views on the paradigm shift of practical theology and techno-theological practice and possible inclusion in the theology vocabularies of the Church. Design/methodology/approach – A thorough search on the subject of techno-theology (TTheo) reveals that there are no scholarly works that offer a conceptual understanding of TTheo. However, TTheo derives an interdisciplinary definition from innovative leadership, socio-religious transformation, transformational leadership, anthropological studies, strategic leadership (and authentic leader AL), scenario thinking/planning, technological disruptions, digital transformation and Church sustainability. There are multiple inferences in the literature on the advantages and disadvantages of technology in human relations (Banks et al., 2016; Dyer, 2011). Findings – Innovation is open-ended. It can take place anywhere and anytime. All it requires are human entities who are creative enough to respond appropriately. The author agrees with Goldsmith that innovation is not limited to a single aspect of any system (Goldsmith et al., 2010, p. xxiv). Innovation can occur anywhere, and there is no limit to it. The only hindrance to innovation is the lack of creative leaders, creative agents of change and an enabling environment to foster change (Teece, 2018, 2010; Bounfour, 2016; Hanna, 2016). While technological innovation is a good development, other factors drive innovation. Technological innovation is not an end by itself. It is a means to an end. And it cannot stand in isolation from other factors that support it. It competes with some external factors which can sustain it or obstruct it. Research limitations/implications – This paper used the traditional (or narrative), meta-analysis and meta-synthesis methods of literature reviews to study scenario thinking, system thinking, planning and TTheo principles to find a suitable space to redefine and reconstruct the Church’s ministry engagement in a technologically avowed age. This paper is not a technology text, nor does it pose to answer technology questions. Instead, it focuses on the role of technology in Christian ministry. Practical implications – This paper recommended that the Church redefines its digital transformation perspective by adopting a TTheo that embraces digital materials and hybrid technology in its ministry engagement across the board. This paper further interacts with views on the paradigm shift of practical theology and techno-theological practice and possible inclusion in the theology vocabularies of the Church. Social implications – Technology shapes human interactions in a sociopolitical, socioreligious and sociocultural environment (Dyer, 2011; Postman, 2021; McLauhan, 1994, p. 7). As a community of faith, the Church is a segment of the broader cultural environment with a cross-section of people from various works of life and opinions. Language, customs and practice differ significantly from others in every environment. Hence, each setting is unique in multiple ways (Teece, 2018, 2010). The world continues to experience developments in many areas. Due to the symbiotic nature of humans and the environment, cross-breeding and cross-fertilization of ideas are inevitable. As one organization reacts to its unique existence, it indirectly or directly affects another. Hence, while growth may be relative, its impacts are overtly universal. Originality/value – The term “Techno-theology” is a newcomer in the theological circle. Hence, there are practically little or minimal literature on this subject area. In this paper, the author has written the original concept of the subject matter (TTheo). This paper is part of the ground-breaking research the author is conducting on “Techno-theology.” The author’s PhD research proposal was approved in December 2022. The author’s research focuses on the subject matter of this paper (TTheo). The author also looks forward to leading a deeper conversation among scholars.Godspower UgbohEmerald PublishingarticleTechnologyTechno-theology (TTheo)DisruptionsCOVID-19 pandemicChurchScattered ChurchTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 59-78 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:a28836fcedd14fefa5684befbfba923c2024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Startup valuation reassessed: against celebrity, sustainability and state intervention10.1108/JEET-08-2022-00122633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/a28836fcedd14fefa5684befbfba923c2023-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-08-2022-0012/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The purpose of this study is to showcase that the valuation of startups is still considered to be more “art than science”. Moreover, such non-rigorous approaches often lead to valuations, which turn out to be too high, which in turn has become a well-known phenomenon to a broader audience due to shining examples such as We Work. This is reason enough to revisit the important topic of where we stand today with startup valuation procedures and methodologies. Design/methodology/approach – Literature synthesis and exploratory analysis. Findings – While some studies describe sound results about how to assess startups, what the authors found was that many questions remain open or have not been covered at all. This is the reason why the authors needed to apply a substantial amount of reasoning in the analysis of studies, which do not exactly deal with startup companies. The authors provided some interesting impulses for future research. Originality/value – Based on an original overview of the current state of research about the valuation of startup companies, this paper makes the following principal contribution to both the literature and practice: on the one hand, the authors assess four impact factors on startup values critically; on the other, the authors provide an outlook on promising future research avenues.Christian Hugo HoffmannEmerald PublishingarticleEntrepreneurshipStartupFoundersStartup valuationTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 7-19 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:8dd911d31e5f463684910c4ca96da8aa2024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Understanding algorithm bias in artificial intelligence-enabled ERP software customization10.1108/JEET-04-2023-00062633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/8dd911d31e5f463684910c4ca96da8aa2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-04-2023-0006/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – Algorithm bias refers to repetitive computer program errors that give some users more weight than others. The aim of this article is to provide a deeper insight of algorithm bias in AI-enabled ERP software customization. Although algorithmic bias in machine learning models has uneven, unfair and unjust impacts, research on it is mostly anecdotal and scattered. Design/methodology/approach – As guided by the previous research (Akter et al., 2022), this study presents the possible design bias (model, data and method) one may experience with enterprise resource planning (ERP) software customization algorithm. This study then presents the artificial intelligence (AI) version of ERP customization algorithm using k-nearest neighbours algorithm. Findings – This study illustrates the possible bias when the prioritized requirements customization estimation (PRCE) algorithm available in the ERP literature is executed without any AI. Then, the authors present their newly developed AI version of the PRCE algorithm that uses ML techniques. The authors then discuss its adjoining algorithmic bias with an illustration. Further, the authors also draw a roadmap for managing algorithmic bias during ERP customization in practice. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no prior research has attempted to understand the algorithmic bias that occurs during the execution of the ERP customization algorithm (with or without AI).Sudhaman ParthasarathyS.T. PadmapriyaEmerald PublishingarticleAlgorithmsBiasCustomizationMachine learningERP projectsTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 79-93 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:8081f34d2b9a40af8daac027a6d9388e2024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Strengthening ethical guardrails for emerging technology businesses10.1108/JEET-06-2023-00092633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/8081f34d2b9a40af8daac027a6d9388e2023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-06-2023-0009/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make the case that ethical guardrails in emerging technology businesses are inadequate and to develop solutions to strengthen these guardrails. Design/methodology/approach – Based on literature and first principles reasoning, the paper develops theoretical arguments about the fundamental purpose of ethical guardrails and how they evolve and then uses this along with the characteristics that distinguish emerging technology businesses to identify inadequacies in the ethical guardrails for emerging technology businesses and develop solutions to strengthen the guardrails. Findings – The paper shows that the ethical guardrails for emerging technology businesses are inadequate and that the reasons for this are systematic. The paper also develops actionable recommendations to strengthen these guardrails. Originality/value – The paper develops the novel argument that reasons for the inadequate ethical guardrails in emerging technology businesses are systematic and stem from the inadequacy of laws and regulations, inadequacy of boards and the focus of business executives.Murali ChariEmerald PublishingarticleEthical guardrailsEmerging technology businessesBoardsNegative externalitiesTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 127-142 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5a864c65f7bd4041adf81bd90091bee62024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Editorial10.1108/JEET-06-2023-0182633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/5a864c65f7bd4041adf81bd90091bee62023-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-06-2023-018/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Kenneth J. BarnesEmerald PublishingarticleTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 2-6 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4f2cca05d500487298d639a09b0701212024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Asymmetric modelling predicting migrants versus refugees starting new ventures10.1108/JEET-07-2023-00122633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/4f2cca05d500487298d639a09b0701212023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-07-2023-0012/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – This study aims to examine the entrepreneurship profiles of migrants and refugees relying on a neo-configurational approach that increases understanding of causal complexity, equifinality and causal asymmetry patterns to high entrepreneurial intentions in the two groups. Design/methodology/approach – Using a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method, the authors analysed 52 respondents – migrants and refugees. The findings show the existence of equifinality in which different configurations can lead to high and low entrepreneurial intentions, underlying that traumatic experiences have a major role in entrepreneurial intention. It also demonstrates that core conditions are associated with refugee’s configurations and causal asymmetry. The cross-sectional character of this research impedes the searching for a better causal relationship. The lack of studies that approach the subject of refugees makes it challenging to develop a robust theory in this sense. Findings – The paper highlights five main configurations – two related to migrants’ profile and three related to refugees’ profile – that enable expanding the current knowledge and practices to better customize practices to increase entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research using a configurational approach to explore migrant and refugee entrepreneurship intention profiles.Catalina Crisan-MitraGregorio Martín-de CastroEmerald PublishingarticleRefugeesMigrantsEntrepreneurial intentions (EI)Qualitative comparative analysisEquifinalityTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 111-126 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:0e3440e93e4f4d578207c9a3e10c25e62024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Ethical consideration dilemma: systematic review of ethics in qualitative data collection through interviews10.1108/JEET-09-2022-00142633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/0e3440e93e4f4d578207c9a3e10c25e62023-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-09-2022-0014/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – Qualitative research that involves the use of human participants calls for the need to protect those participants to give their honest view during data collection. This is an important part of every primary data collection in qualitative studies using interviews. This paper aims to investigate all available ethical considerations that need to be observed by the researcher when conducting primary data collection through interview and to explore the theories that underpin the ethics in qualitative studies. Design/methodology/approach – This paper systemically reviewed existing qualitative data on ethics and gathered information that were analysed and presented on the topic area. Findings – The findings show that ethical considerations deal with the various approaches adopted by the researcher to make the participants feel safe to participate in any given researcher. During an interview process in qualitative research, the findings show that anonymity, voluntary participation, privacy, confidentiality, option to opt out and avoiding misuse of findings are ethical considerations that must be observed by the researcher. The outcome of the investigation also shows that deontology and utilitarianism, rights and virtue are the main theories that underpin ethical considerations in research. Originality/value – The rights of the research participants need to be respected in qualitative research to assist in gathering accurate information to achieve the objectives of study. This and other ethical principles such as anonymity, privacy, confidentiality, voluntary participation and option to opt out guide the researcher to systematically adhere to data collection approaches that yield valid results in qualitative data collection using interviews.Michael Nii LaryeafioOmoruyi Courage OgbeweEmerald PublishingarticlePrimary dataEthicsQualitative researchEthical theoryAnonymityInformed consentTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 94-110 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:01a9c589ae22468a969c17b648a1db212024-03-29T11:08:15ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~A case for “killer robots”: why in the long run martial AI may be good for peace10.1108/JEET-01-2023-00032633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/01a9c589ae22468a969c17b648a1db212023-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-01-2023-0003/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The remarkable increase of sophistication of artificial intelligence in recent years has already led to its widespread use in martial applications, the potential of so-called “killer robots” ceasing to be a subject of fiction. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the consequences of the availability of lethal autonomous robots (LARs) on global peace. Design/methodology/approach – Virtually without exception, the aforementioned potential of LARs has generated fear, as evidenced by a mounting number of academic articles calling for the ban on their development and deployment. An analysis of the existing ethical objections to LARs is used as a vehicle for their critique and the advancement of an alternative. Findings – The presented analysis shows the contemporary thought to be deficient in philosophical rigour, these deficiencies leading to a different view, one favourable to the development of LARs. Originality/value – The emergent thesis is that LARs can in fact be a force for peace, leading to fewer and less deadly wars.Ognjen ArandjelovićEmerald PublishingarticleArtificial intelligenceDronesConflictPeaceTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 20-32 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:2179d20361704e4d82274a19c54b49a62024-03-29T11:08:12ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Artificial intelligence and entrepreneurial ecosystems: understanding the implications of algorithmic decision-making for startup communities10.1108/JEET-07-2022-00112633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/2179d20361704e4d82274a19c54b49a62022-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-07-2022-0011/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – Entrepreneurs are increasingly relying on artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in creating and scaling new ventures. Research on entrepreneurs’ use of AI algorithms (machine learning, natural language processing, artificial neural networks) has focused on the intra-organizational implications of AI. The purpose of this paper is to explore how entrepreneurs’ adoption of AI influences their inter- and meta-organizational relationships. Design/methodology/approach – To address the limited understanding of the consequences of AI for communities of entrepreneurs, this paper develops a theory to explain how AI algorithms influence the micro (entrepreneur) and macro (system) dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Findings – The theory’s main insight is that substituting AI for entrepreneurial ecosystem interactions influences not only entrepreneurs’ pursuit of opportunities but also the coordination of their local entrepreneurial ecosystems. Originality/value – The theory contributes by drawing attention to the inter-organizational implications of AI, explaining how the decision to substitute AI for human interactions is a micro-foundation of ecosystems, and motivating a research agenda at the intersection of AI and entrepreneurial ecosystems.Philip T. RoundyEmerald PublishingarticleEntrepreneurial ecosystemsArtificial intelligence (AI)AI technologiesAlgorithmic decision-makingMachine learningAutomationTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 23-38 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:9877c89e19ad4fb3b3180517be8e006c2024-03-29T11:08:11ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Moral considerations on infertility and artificial reproductive technics10.1108/JEET-04-2022-00092633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/9877c89e19ad4fb3b3180517be8e006c2022-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-04-2022-0009/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer a Christian perspective on the ethical issues related to natural procreation and artificial reproduction methods. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses descriptive and comparative methodology between the ethical aspects specific to natural procreation and artificial reproduction. Findings – Religious beliefs play a significant role in shaping the moral perspective when an infertile couple is confronted with the choice between natural procreation and artificial reproduction. Originality/value – This paper survey a broad bibliography and offers a critical evaluation of the moral aspects specific to different methods of reproductive technologies compared to the natural procreation approach.Paul NegrutTiberiu PopEmerald PublishingarticleArtificial inseminationAssisted reproductionIn vitro fertilizationIntracytoplasmic injectionNatural procreationSurrogacyTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 2-22 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:9402a42845194ccdb8c4e8298b0fb5a22024-03-29T11:08:11ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Age-related increase of IGFBP5 promotes mitophagy and apoptosis in thymic epithelial cells10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023120682097-0927https://doaj.org/article/9402a42845194ccdb8c4e8298b0fb5a22024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202312068.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of insulin like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), a gene up-regulated with age in thymic epithelial cells, in the pathogenesis of thymic involution. Methods Different gene expression analysis was applied to published human thymic stromal cells single-cell RNA-seq data set (GSE147520) to identify genes up-regulated with aging, and IGFBP5 was screened out as the most significant gene. Mfuzz trends analysis was employed to fine the genes with similar expression pattern as IGFBP5. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was conducted to annotate the function of the common trend gene set associated with IGFBP5. Protein sequence alignment tool was utilized to analyze the human-mouse homology of IGFBP5 protein sequence. Then NIH gene database was consulted to investigate the expression pattern of IGFBP5 in various organs and tissues of both humans and mice. Immunohistochemical assay was performed on mouse thymus samples to examine the expression pattern of IGFBP5. After a mouse thymic epithelial cell line with IGFBP5 overexpression was constructed, transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphological changes in the mitochondria, Western blotting was employed to detect altered protein components related to mitochondrial autophagy, including microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3B), PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Parkin), and BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), in both whole cell extracts and isolated mitochondria, and cleaved-Capase3 was used to estimate cell apoptosis. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the intracellular localization of the mitophagy markers as described above with mitochondria probe (MitoTracker). Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates of the cell lines. Results IGFBP5 was identified with the highest increase in gene expression in human thymic epithelial cells with ageing, and the genes with similar expression pattern as IGFBP5 were related to mitochondrial metabolism pathways. Protein sequence alignment demonstrated a high conservation between human and mouse IGFBP5 protein sequences. IGFBP5 was moderately expressed in both human and mouse thymus tissues. Mouse thymus showed an age-dependent increase in IGFBP5 expression in thymic epithelial cells like human. In the mouse thymic epithelial cell line with IGFBP5 overexpression, transmission electron microscopy indicated an increased mitophagy bodies, Western blotting revealed up-regulated protein levels of LC3B, PINK1, and Parkin in the mitochondrial and cellular components, while no significant difference was observed for BNIP3. Double immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that increased cytoplasmic expression of LC3B, PINK1, and Parkin were co-localized with mitochondria. Western blotting confirmed that Cleaved-Caspase3 level was elevated, as a marker of cell apoptosis in IGFBP5 overexpression mouse thymic epithelial cell line. Flow cytometry indicated that IGFBP5 overexpression cell line had an increased proportion of apoptotic cells. Conclusion Increased expression of IGFBP5 with aging promotes mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis in thymic epithelial cells, and then leads to thymic involution. IGFBP5 might be a potential target in the intervention of thymic aging and reconstruction of human immune system.
CHEN XichanZENG Jitao QU SimingEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlethymic epithelial cellsinsulin like growth factor binding protein 5mitophagyapoptosisthymic involutionMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 567-577 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2650bbfe47fd4a08948fc4f32d0d202c2024-03-29T11:08:11ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpTENDOkV0aGljcw~~Reimagining the sustainable social development of AI for the service sector: the role of startups10.1108/JEET-03-2022-00052633-74442633-7436https://doaj.org/article/2650bbfe47fd4a08948fc4f32d0d202c2022-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JEET-03-2022-0005/full/pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-7436https://doaj.org/toc/2633-7444Purpose – The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) is leading to a job transformation within the service ecosystem in which issues related to AI governance principles may hinder the social sustainability of the sector. The relevance of AI startups in driving innovation has been recognized; thus, this paper aims to investigate whether and how AI startups may influence the sustainable social development (SSD) of the service sector. Design/methodology/approach – An empirical study based on 24 in-depth interviews was conducted to qualitatively explore the perceptions of service sector facing AI policymakers, AI consultants and academics (n = 12), as well as AI startups (founders, AI developers; n = 12). An inductive coding approach was used to identify and analyze the data. Findings – As part of a complex system, AI startups influence the SSD of the service sector in relation to other stakeholders’ contributions for the ethical deployment of AI. Four key factors influencing AI startups’ ability to contribute to the SSD of the service sector were identified: awareness of socioeconomic issues; fostering decent work; systematically applying ethics; and business model innovation. Practical implications – This study proposes measures for service sector AI startups to promote collaborative efforts and implement managerial practices that adapt to their available resources. Originality/value – This study develops original guidelines for startups that seek ethical development of beneficial AI in the service sector, building upon Ethics as a Service approach.Alejandra RojasAarni TuomiEmerald PublishingarticleAI startupsAI ethicsService sectorSustainable social developmentArtificial intelligenceTechnology (General)T1-995EthicsBJ1-1725ENJournal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 39-54 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:c8b9f763f090453b95c6982c5c8f321c2024-03-29T11:08:05ZTENDOklzbGFtTENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~Relasi Agama dan Kearifan Lokal dalam Tradisi Ter-Ater di Pamekasan, Indonesia10.37680/adabiya.v19i1.37021907-11912540-9204https://doaj.org/article/c8b9f763f090453b95c6982c5c8f321c2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ejournal.insuriponorogo.ac.id/index.php/adabiya/article/view/3702https://doaj.org/toc/1907-1191https://doaj.org/toc/2540-9204
This study aims to reveal Islamic values contained in the Ter-ater tradition in Pamaroh Village, Kadur District, Pamekasan Regency, Indonesia. Ter-ater tradition is a cultural heritage in the Madura island carried out at certain moments, when people deliver food to neighbors and relatives. This tradition also involves activities such as tahlil and prayer together before food is distributed. While using qualitative research method with a semiotic approach, data were collected through interviews, field observations, and related literature studies. After analysing the data, we found the existence of Islamic values in the Ter-ater tradition. These values include fostering mutual care through silaturahmi, strengthening solidarity in the form of ukhuwah Islamiyyah, and maintaining good habits through acts of almsgiving. The results of the research can be a valuable source of information in preserving and strengthening this tradition, as well as increasing religious understanding and awareness of the people of Pamaroh Village.
Khoirul HolisAtik SilviaLP2M Insuri PonorogoarticleIslamic ValuesLocal WisdomMadura IslandTraditionTer-AterIslamBP1-253Social SciencesHENIDAl-Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan, Vol 19, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:346ffe6f8d834bd390e3df6f9eac133e2024-03-29T11:05:15ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Effects of PRKCH on CD8+T cell function and melanoma immunotherapy10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023100882097-0927https://doaj.org/article/346ffe6f8d834bd390e3df6f9eac133e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202310088.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To explore the effect of PRKCH on CD8+T cell function and its role in predicting the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy. Methods Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PRKCH and overall survival (OS) in melanoma immunotherapy cohorts and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were employed to analyze the cellular expression of PRKCH. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were applied to analyze the mechanism of PRKCH-induced anti-tumor immune responses. After retroviral overexpression and knockdown of PRKCH, the function of mouse CD8+T cells was examined. The anti-tumor effect of PRKCH overexpressed OT-1 CD8+T cells was assessed using B16-OVA mouse melanoma model. Results A positive correlation was observed between PRKCH expression and OS in the melanoma ICI cohorts and SKCM data in TCGA. scRNA-seq data indicated that PRKCH was expressed in T cells. PPI, GSEA and scRNA-seq data showed that PRKCH may induce more cytotoxic and memory T cells. PRKCH overexpression and knockdown enhanced and decreased CD8+T cell proliferation and IFN-γ and Granzyme B expression, respectively. Additionally, PRKCH overexpression enhanced the tumor inhibition of OT-1 CD8+T cells. Conclusion PRKCH enhances the anti-tumor effect of CD8+T cells, and can be used to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in melanoma.
YU RenrenYU RenrenLYU HaoCHU HanEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticleprkchmelanomaimmunotherapytumor microenvironmentcd8+t cellsMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 556-566 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:8f79f70eb6954f4da54655c95fb212ea2024-03-29T11:04:11ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~Exploring The Metacognitive Dimensions of Social Media Consumption for Elementary Education in Islamic Boarding Schools: a Study on Self-Reflection and Self-Regulationhttps://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v14i1.10192085-00342549-3388https://doaj.org/article/8f79f70eb6954f4da54655c95fb212ea2022-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jurnal.albidayah.id/home/article/view/1019/407https://doaj.org/toc/2085-0034https://doaj.org/toc/2549-3388This study explores the metacognitive dimensions of social media consumption among elementary school students in Islamic boarding schools, explicitly focusing on self-reflection and self-regulation. With the increasing integration of social media platforms in educational settings, understanding how elementary school students navigate and make sense of digital media becomes crucial. Metacognition, which involves the awareness and regulation of one's thinking and learning processes, plays a significant role in students' interactions with social media. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a comprehensive review of existing literature, empirical research, and interviews with students and educators in Islamic boarding elementary schools. The theoretical frameworks of metacognition and social cognitive theory inform the research design and analysis. The study reveals the metacognitive processes associated with social media consumption in Islamic boarding elementary schools. Students self-reflect by critically examining the content they encounter and assessing its relevance to their learning objectives and Islamic values. Additionally, self-regulation strategies, such as setting limits on social media usage and managing online distractions, are employed to maintain focus and ensure responsible digital engagement. The implications of this study highlight the importance of integrating metacognitive skill development within elementary education. Educators and stakeholders can use the findings to design interventions promoting self-reflection and self-regulation in students' social media usage. In conclusion, this study comprehensively explores the metacognitive dimensions of social media consumption in Islamic boardin elementary schools.SuparjoFajry Sub'haan Syah SinagaStudy Program of Education for Islamic Elementary School Teachers (Undergraduate), Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education (FITK), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakartaarticlemetacognitiveislamic boarding elementary schoolsocial mediaself-reflectionself-regulationEducationLENAl-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 163-182 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:1daf91d6549f499bbab4b8378ead27b42024-03-29T11:03:41ZTENDOkh5ZHJhdWxpYyBlbmdpbmVlcmluZw~~TENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~Enhancing uncertainty of regional climate models for climate change projection at Western Nile Delta10.1080/23570008.2024.23355822357-0008https://doaj.org/article/1daf91d6549f499bbab4b8378ead27b42024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23570008.2024.2335582https://doaj.org/toc/2357-0008ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to refine the precision of uncertainty estimates associated with Regional Climate Models (RCMs) for precipitation forecasts in the Western Nile Delta region of Egypt up to the year 2100. This refinement is predicated upon a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of selected models. The study employed two RCMs, specifically RCA4 and RACMO22, which integrated outputs from three distinct Global Circulation Models (GCMs): ICHEC-EC-EARTH, CCCma-CanESM2, and MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR, each characterized by different resolutions. To assess the performance of these models, a suite of statistical metrics was utilized, including the Percentage of Bias, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient. The evaluative process encompassed an analysis of precipitation patterns across three strategically selected locales within the study area: Alexandria, Borg-Al-Arab, and Wadi El-Natroun. The resultant performance indicators were within deemed acceptable limits, evidencing RMSE values up to 6.91, Percentage of Bias not exceeding 0.33, and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficients up to 0.78. The analysis elucidated that among the models scrutinized, the RCA4 model, when driven by output from the ICHEC-EC-EARTH-SMHI GCM, demonstrated superior performance, thereby underscoring its efficacy for detailed precipitation projection in the context of the Western Nile Delta.Randa FaragSherien ZahranMohamed SobeihEsam HelalTaylor & Francis GrouparticleClimate changeregional climate modelprecipitationEgyptHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Environmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science, Vol 38, Iss 1, Pp 225-238 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:d39d850e139a47608ef90b486ca31fe52024-03-29T11:02:50ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Impact and underlying mechanisms of osteoblast-derived exosomes on biological characteristics of prostate cancer cells10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023110022097-0927https://doaj.org/article/d39d850e139a47608ef90b486ca31fe52024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202311002.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of osteoblast-derived exosomes on the biological properties of prostate cancer (PC) cells. Methods Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, and then the exosomes were extracted from the supernatant of cell culture medium by ultracentrifugation and identified. Clone formation assay was employed to determine the effect of derived exosomes on the proliferation of PC cells, and PCR microarray was used to analyze miRNA changes after exosome treatment. Fluorescence labeling was applied to validate the transfer of miRNA between osteoblasts and tumor cells. The impact of key miRNA on the biological characteristics of PC cells was studied at the cellular and animal levels. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the target genes of key miRNA and then further validated. Results Osteoblast-derived exosomes were successfully extracted and then identified. These exosomes significantly promoted the clonogenic ability of PC cells when compared with the cells without treatment (P < 0.05). PCR microarray showed that miR-223 might be a key molecule in this process. Membrane exchange experiments demonstrated the presence of membrane exchange between osteoblasts and PC cells, and miRNA FAM labeling displayed that miR-223 was transferred within above cells. Functional experiments indicated that overexpression of miR-223 enhanced the proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and migration/invasion ability of PC cells (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that APC, an inhibitor of WNT signaling pathway, may be a target gene of miR-223, which was further confirmed that overexpressing miR-223 down-regulated APC expression. Rescue experiment showed that overexpression of APC reversed the promoting effect of miR-223 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. Conclusion Osteoblast-derived exosomes are pro-carcinogenic factors in PC, and miR-223 may be a key molecule in exosomes, which plays a oncogenic role by regulating APC in PC cells.
LI JingyiCHEN JiajiuLI YaomingEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticleosteoblastexosomemir-223apcprostate cancerMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 544-555 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:49fd2e43c36f4a469994d7e6e647c3bd2024-03-29T11:02:29ZTENDOlNwZWNpYWwgYXNwZWN0cyBvZiBlZHVjYXRpb24~TENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Medical student non-modifiable risk factors and USMLE Step 1 exam score10.1080/10872981.2024.23278181087-2981https://doaj.org/article/49fd2e43c36f4a469994d7e6e647c3bd2024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10872981.2024.2327818https://doaj.org/toc/1087-2981ABSTRACTFor diversity to exist in the medical graduate workforce, students from all backgrounds should have equitable opportunities of employment. Specialties have utilized a minimal threshold for USMLE Step 1 score when screening applicants for residency interviews. The OHSU SOM class of 2021 completed a 14-question voluntary survey on their Step 1 score and the following non-modifiable risk factors: Adverse Childhood Experience score (ACEs), sex, gender, Underrepresented in Medicine status (URiM), family income during adolescence, highest degree held by a guardian, discrimination experience during medical school, federal/state assistance use, and rural versus urban primary home. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted risk ratios were applied to study the relation between Step 1 score and non-modifiable risk factors as well as certain non-modifiable risk factors and ACEs ≥ 3. The mean Step 1 score was 230 (213, 247). Of the students, 28.2% identified ACEs ≥ 3, 13.6% were considered URiM, and 65.4% were female. URiM were 2.34 (1.30, 4.23), females were 2.77 (1.06–7.29), and those who experienced discrimination in medical school were 4.25 (1.85, 9.77) times more likely to have ACEs ≥ 3. Students who had ACEs ≥ 3 were 3.58 (1.75, 7.29) times less likely to meet a minimal threshold for residency interviews of 220. These are the first results to demonstrate a relationship between Step 1 score and ACEs. Those who identified as URiM, females, and those who experienced discrimination in medical school were at a higher risk of ACEs of ≥ 3. Step 1 transitioned to pass/fail in January 2022. However, the first application cycle that residencies will see pass/fail scoring is 2023–2024, and fellowships will continue to see scored Step 1 until, at the earliest, the 2026–2027 application cycle. These data contribute to a foundation of research that could apply to Step 2CK testing scores, and help to inform decisions about the diversity and equity of the residency interview process.Jenna M. DavisonMargot B. TaylorTracy N. BumstedTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMedical educationnon-modifiable risk factorsstep 1adverse childhood experience scorediversityresidencySpecial aspects of educationLC8-6691Medicine (General)R5-920ENMedical Education Online, Vol 29, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:0be036fe3ed54584a08d3498e08de0572024-03-29T11:01:11ZTENDOkluZmVjdGlvdXMgYW5kIHBhcmFzaXRpYyBkaXNlYXNlcw~~TENDOk1pY3JvYmlvbG9neQ~~A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola10.1080/20002297.2024.23345452000-2297https://doaj.org/article/0be036fe3ed54584a08d3498e08de0572024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20002297.2024.2334545https://doaj.org/toc/2000-2297AbstractBackground Intravenous drug users (IDUs) have a high risk of developing skin and soft tissue infections such as erysipelas, abscesses, and less frequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or gas gangrene. Rarely, the cause of the infection is microorganisms residing in the oral cavity and can lead to life-threatening infections.Methods We describe the case of a 43-year-old man intravenous drug user (IDU) who was admitted for intense leg pain following an injection of cocaine at that site.Results A clinical and radiological diagnosis of NF was made, so the patient was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and underwent surgical fasciotomy (after 8 hours from admission). Prevotella denticola was isolated from multiple intraoperative specimens and was resistant to initial antimicrobial therapy. The man, suffering from periodontal disease, reported sucking the syringe several times to unblock it. Both fasciotomy surgery and adjustment of antimicrobial therapy enabled therapeutic success.Conclusions In IDUs the risk of deep skin and soft tissue infections is high and may be aggravated by contamination with oral microorganisms. The choice of empirical antibiotic treatment should include agents active against oral cavity anaerobes, such as P. denticola.Andrea BediniFilippo MedioliAltea GalleraniIrene VenturelliGiacomo FranceschiMarianna MeschiariErica FranceschiniGiacomo Maria LimaMario SartiCristina MussiniTaylor & Francis GrouparticleABSSSIsanaerobesLRINEC Scoreintravenous drug userskin infectionsabscessesInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216MicrobiologyQR1-502ENJournal of Oral Microbiology, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:11eede37c219485ea4f84f79ad1ee9312024-03-29T11:00:52ZTENDOkdlb2dyYXBoeSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~A conceptional model integrating geographic information systems (GIS) and social media data for disease exposure assessment10.4081/gh.2024.12641827-19871970-7096https://doaj.org/article/11eede37c219485ea4f84f79ad1ee9312024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.geospatialhealth.net/gh/article/view/1264https://doaj.org/toc/1827-1987https://doaj.org/toc/1970-7096
Although previous studies have acknowledged the potential of geographic information systems (GIS) and social media data (SMD) in assessment of exposure to various environmental risks, none has presented a simple, effective and user-friendly tool. This study introduces a conceptual model that integrates individual mobility patterns extracted from social media, with the geographic footprints of infectious diseases and other environmental agents utilizing GIS. The efficacy of the model was independently evaluated for selected case studies involving lead in the ground; particulate matter in the air; and an infectious, viral disease (COVID- 19). A graphical user interface (GUI) was developed as the final output of this study. Overall, the evaluation of the model demonstrated feasibility in successfully extracting individual mobility patterns, identifying potential exposure sites and quantifying the frequency and magnitude of exposure. Importantly, the novelty of the developed model lies not merely in its efficiency in integrating GIS and SMD for exposure assessment, but also in considering the practical requirements of health practitioners. Although the conceptual model, developed together with its associated GUI, presents a promising and practical approach to assessment of the exposure to environmental risks discussed here, its applicability, versatility and efficacy extends beyond the case studies presented in this study.
Jerry Enoe Michael SutherlandDexter DavisBheshem RamlalCharisse Griffith-Charles Keston H. BholaElsai Mati AsefaPAGEPress PublicationsarticleDisease mapenvironmental exposureGISindividual mobility patternssocial mediaGeography (General)G1-922ENGeospatial Health, Vol 19, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b3f632f66a6548ad8f44aa9e4f49d76d2024-03-29T11:00:45ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Topical fish oil accelerates wound healing in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023060682097-0927https://doaj.org/article/b3f632f66a6548ad8f44aa9e4f49d76d2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202306068.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To observe the effect of topical fish oil on wound healing in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate its mechanism of action. Methods The T2DM rat model was established on 57 SD rats with a high-fat, high-sugar diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of STZ, and finally, T2DM model was established successfully in 49 rats. Then wound model was inflicted surgically, and the rats were divided into fish oil group (n=17), corn oil group (n=16) and model control group (n=16). Topical medication was applied to each group on the next day after wound modelling. During the intervention period, the wound healing was observed in all rats of each group. After the wound tissue samples were collected on 7 and 14 d after wound modelling, the levels of oxidative stress indexes (MDA, SOD and CAT) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) were detected, and pathological changes and collagen fibril deposition in the dermis were observed with HE and Masson staining. The expression of SIRT1, Nrf2 and NQO1 was measured with Western blotting. Results Compared with the corn oil group and the model control group, the fish oil group had significantly improved wound healing rate on 7 and 14 d after modelling (P < 0.05), increased collagen fibril deposition, decreased levels of MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in wound tissue (P < 0.05), while increased SOD, CAT and IL-10 levels (P < 0.05), and protein levels of SIRT1, Nrf2 and NQO1 in the wound tissue (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in above indicators between the corn oil group and the model control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Topical application of fish oil can effectively promote wound healing in T2DM rats, and the mechanism may be related to its reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation of wound.
HUANG RongjiangXIN WenbinNI XiangminEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlefish oildiabetic woundsoxidative stressinflammatory reactionssilencing information regulator 1Medicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 535-543 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cf05532dfe254cf4b647d64e08160df32024-03-29T10:59:32ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lPSYCHOCOGNITIVE STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH POST-COVID SYNDROME10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-10-172074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/cf05532dfe254cf4b647d64e08160df32024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-10-17https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To study the psychocognitive status of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) combined with post-COVID syndrome (PCS).
Methods: A prospective cohort study involved 134 patients (84 men and 50 women), mean age 62.4±0.6 years, with AH (controlled arterial hypertension, Grade 1-3). The duration of AH was 5.6±0.2 years. Among them 73 patients and a history of COVID-19 infection (confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; duration more than 12 weeks) with subsequent development of PCS, while 61 patients did not have a history of COVID-19. Patients with PCS which were diagnosed with depressive syndrome, were further divided into two subgroups depending on agomelatine intake (those who received this medication and those who refused). A general clinical examination and psychodiagnostics were carried out using validated methods, such as HADS and SPMSQ. Statistical analysis was carried out in the RStudio program.
Results: Based on the HADS questionnaire, patients with PCS demonstrated a higher rate of depressive syndrome compared to the patients without a history of COVID-19 (41% vs. 12%, p<0.001). Based on the severity of depressive syndrome, the following rates were found in the groups: subclinically expressed depression – in 26% of patients with PCS vs. 12% of patients without COVID-19 (p<0.001), clinically pronounced depression (only in the group of patients with PCS) – in 15% (p=0.007). Additionally, in patients with PCS psychocogniцtive function was assessed using SPMSQ questionnaire; among them those receiving agomelatine showed significantly less frequent and severe psychocognitive dysfunction compared to those who refuse the medication intake (32% vs. 94%, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with PCS are characterized by a more severe manifestation of anxiety-depressive syndrome, and the use of agomelatine shows statistically significant effectiveness in this category of patients.L.A. SHPAGINAI.S. SHPAGINL.D. KHIDIROVAA.A. VASILENKOAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticleanxiety-depressive syndromedepressionagomelatinevaldoxanpost-covid syndromecovid-19arterial hypertension.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 10-17 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:62e403ea697249faa38cf12c4a0079562024-03-29T10:58:28ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Food additive sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aggravates radiation-induced intestinal damage in mice by disrupting intestinal homeostasis10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023100942097-0927https://doaj.org/article/62e403ea697249faa38cf12c4a0079562024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202310094.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927 Objective To explore the effect and underlying mechanism of long-term intake of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), a food additive, on radiation tolerance in mice. Methods Dietary intervention was performed on the mice by adding different concentrations of CMC-Na to drinking water at a dose of 0, 0.25% and 1%, respectively (Control and low-and high-dose groups) for 8 weeks, and then the mice were given a lethal radiation of 7 Gy 60Co gamma rays to establish a radiation damage model. Before and after the radiation intervention, the body weight was measured weekly in every mice, and death was observed and recorded in each group. After an 8-week intervention, the blood biochemical indicators of mice were assessed. ELISA, Qrt-Pcr, and Western blotting techniques to investigate changes in intestinal-related cytokines and proteins. What's more, HE staining, immunofluorescence assay and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the changes of intestinal tissue morphology for pathological scores. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the proportion of intestinal stem cells. Results Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of intestinal stem cells was decreased in both dietary intervention groups when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the decrease was positively correlated with the dose of CMC-Na in drinking water and persisted after radiation damage. Higher death rate (P < 0.05) and obvious weight loss (P < 0.000 1) were observed in the high-dose intervention group, and impaired intestinal barrier function and a decrease in the content of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 were found in further research. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammatory factors such as TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β were higher in the high-dose intervention group (P < 0.05), and the contents were further increased after radiation damage. The expression of certain inflammatory factors (NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in the low-dose group exhibited a statistically significant increase compared to the control group (P < 0.05), yet remained lower than that observed in the high-dose group. Conclusion Long-term consumption of foods containing CMC-Na reduces the proportion of colonic stem cells in the intestinal tract, aggravates the radiation damage to the intestine, and reduces the radiation tolerance of mice.
LIU ShaotingLI ZhongjunCHEN liEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlesodium carboxymethylcelluloseradiationintestinal barrierintestinal stem cellsinflammationMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 522-534 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f60177b80a8c4d5cb3a4441407486c832024-03-29T10:57:42ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF DECENTRALIZED MEDICAL CARE AND INTEGRATION OF HIV SERVICES IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN DUSHANBE, REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-18-312074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/f60177b80a8c4d5cb3a4441407486c832024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-18-31https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To evaluate the model of decentralization of medical care for people living with HIV (PLHIV), with the integration of HIV services into primary health care (PHC) by comparing the virologic efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) between Dushanbe urban health centers (UHCs) and the Republican Center for AIDS Prevention and Control (RCAPC).
Methods: The research was conducted using a cross-sectional design, with information gathered from the electronic HIV monitoring system and outpatient records of individuals living with HIV who were over 18 years old. The research examined clinical data on 220 patients (female-to-male sex ratio of 48:52) who were over 18 years old, had been on ART for more than two years, and was seen at 15 UHCs in Dushanbe, as well as 190 patients (female-to-male sex ratio of 48:52) from the RCAPC. The patients were categorized by age into three groups: 18-39, 40-49, and 50+ years. The study's objective was to assess these patients' viral load (VL) and CD4 counts in 2022. Descriptive statistics, computation of variable values, and correlation analysis were conducted, and a 95% confidence level interval was established for the variable considering VL suppression. The statistical significance of differences between data in groups was assessed using the Chi-square test (χ2 ) and Fisher's exact test (p).
Results: Suppressed VL in patients was observed in 95.3% (p>0.05; 95% CI: 92.5-98.1) and 90.6% (p>0.05; 95% CI: 86.5-94.7) of cases in Dushanbe UHCs and at the RCAPC, respectively. In the meantime, unsuppressed VL was observed in 4.7% and 9.4% of cases in UHCs and at the RCAPC, respectively. In patients aged 18-39, 40-49, and 50+, suppressed VL was seen in 90%, 96%, and 99% at the UHCs, and the RCAPC – 93%, 90%, and 90% (p>0.05; p>0.05; p<0.05 respectively). CD4 counts of less than 350 cells/mm3 were found in 20.1% and 25.7% of patients in UHCs and at the RCAPC, respectively. In patients with viral hepatitis C (HCV), CD4 counts of less than 350 cells/mm3 were found in 37.7% and 23.2% of patients in UHCs and at the RCAPC, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, denoted as rs , indicated a strong relationship between the proportions of HCV and CD4 counts of <350 cells/mm3 in different age subgroups within the UHCs and the RCAPC, with a correlation coefficient of 1.00 and a p-value of 0.01 in both groups.
Conclusion: In Dushanbe's UHCs, the treatment of HIV patients with ART is more effective than at the RCAPC due to high patient adherence, resulting in VL suppression similar to 95-95-95 targets in the new UNAIDS Global AIDS Strategy (2021-2026). The proximity of HIV services to patients' homes likely contributes to treatment adherence, demonstrating the success of decentralized HIV care through integrated services in PHC in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.D.S. SAYBURKHONOVS.S. KARIMOVD.A. KADYROVAM.M. RUZIEVN.A. ABDUKHAMEDOVV.KH. DUSANOVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlehiv infectionpeople living with hivantiretroviral therapysuppressed viral loadintegration of hiv servicesprimary health care.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 18-31 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b14ac2aa22174718b24f7ebdf9e443862024-03-29T10:56:13ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~A TIMP-based assessment for early motor performance in cerebral palsy toddlers10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023091112097-0927https://doaj.org/article/b14ac2aa22174718b24f7ebdf9e443862024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202309111.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To explore the characteristics of early motor performance in toddlers with cerebral palsy by analyzing the results of Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) when they were at an age of 2 to 4 months. Methods A cross-sectional trial was conducted on 17 children who were followed up in the Preterm High-Risk Infant Follow-Up Clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University as high-risk premature infants and diagnosed with cerebral palsy after 1 year of age from December 2018 to December 2022. The results of their TIMP assessments at an age of 2~4 months. With the data of TIMP Chinese norm samples at the same age as controls, the Z-values were calculated and the total score of TIMP, scores of the 7 postural subgroups (including totally 42 items), and scores of these 42 items were calculated and compared between the 2 groups. Results The Z-value of the total TIMP score for the cerebral palsy infants aged 2~4 months was only -0.95±1.11, which was significantly lower than that the expected score(P < 0.01). Similarly, the Z-values for the scores of sitting position, lateral orientation, turning over, and standing position in the postural subgroups were -0.89±0.88, -1.17±0.66, -0.43±0.79, and -0.63±0.77, respectively, and all of these scores for sitting position, lateral orientation, and standing position (P < 0.01). There were no notable differences between the Chinese norms and the cerebral palsy children in terms of observation items, supine position, or prone position. Out of the 42 items, the cerebral palsy children had significantly lower scores than the Chinese norms in 17 items, with the items 15 (head control in sitting position), 16 (head control posterior neck muscle), 26 (defensive reaction-arm movements), 32 (head control in the pull-to-sit maneuver), 33 (pull the upper limb into lateral positions), 34 (lateral hip abduction reaction), and 40 (standing) most significant in turn. Conclusion The motor performance of sitting, lateral orientation, and standing should be given particular attention during the follow-up of high-risk children with cerebral palsy, and these performances may indicate the need for early detection of the condition.
SHEN YaliQU Fuxiang WANG ChengjuEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticletest of infant motor performancecerebral palsymotor assessmentMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 515-521 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:8ecb59cb58764832bbb092117e9658222024-03-29T10:54:53ZTENDOkluZmVjdGlvdXMgYW5kIHBhcmFzaXRpYyBkaXNlYXNlcw~~TENDOk1pY3JvYmlvbG9neQ~~Mpox virus Clade IIb infected Cynomolgus macaques via mimic natural infection routes closely resembled human mpox infection10.1080/22221751.2024.23326692222-1751https://doaj.org/article/8ecb59cb58764832bbb092117e9658222024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2024.2332669https://doaj.org/toc/2222-1751ABSTRACTGenerating an infectious non-human primate (NHP) model using a prevalent monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain has emerged as a crucial strategy for assessing the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs against human MPXV infection. Here, we established an animal model by infecting cynomolgus macaques with the prevalent MPXV strain, WIBP-MPXV-001, and simulating its natural routes of infection. A comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted on three animals, including monitoring clinical symptoms, collecting hematology data, measuring viral loads, evaluating cellular and humoral immune responses, and examining histopathology. Our findings revealed that initial skin lesions appeared at the inoculation sites and subsequently spread to the limbs and back, and all infected animals exhibited bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, eventually leading to a self-limiting disease course. Viral DNA was detected in post-infection blood, nasal, throat, rectal and blister fluid swabs. These observations indicate that the NHP model accurately reflects critical clinical features observed in human MPXV infection. Notably, the animals displayed clinical symptoms and disease progression similar to those of humans, rather than a lethal outcome as observed in previous studies. Historically, MPXV was utilized as a surrogate model for smallpox. However, our study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of current MPXV infections while providing a potential infectious NHP model for further evaluation of vaccines and antiviral drugs against mpox infection. Furthermore, the challenge model closely mimics the primary natural routes of transmission for human MPXV infections. This approach enhances our understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the interhuman transmission of MPXV.Qingni LiYunfeng ChenWenjing ZhangChunyang LiDing TangWanlu HuaFan HouZhuo ChenYuanlang LiuYi TianKaili SunXiuli XuYan ZengFei XiaJia LuZejun WangTaylor & Francis GrouparticleMPXVClade IIbCynomolgus macaquesmultiple routestypical symptomsInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216MicrobiologyQR1-502ENEmerging Microbes and Infections, Vol 13, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:540e71f4f9664a4dba82fddae49345be2024-03-29T10:54:50ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lIMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON VITAMIN D LEVELS IN CHILDREN OF RYAZAN10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-32-412074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/540e71f4f9664a4dba82fddae49345be2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-32-41https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To evaluate the effect of staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic on serum 25(OH)D levels in children permanently residing in Ryazan.
Methods: The study included 279 children aged 2 to 17, who were divided into two groups: in Group 1, serum 25(OH)D level was tested before the COVID-19 pandemic, while in Group 2, it was assessed during a pandemic.
Results: The median serum 25(OH)D level in children of Group 1 was 1.4 times higher than in Group 2 (22.8 ng/ml vs. 16.6 ng/ml, p=0.004). The share of children with vitamin D (VD) deficiency during the pandemic home stay increased 1.4 times, while the percentage of children with optimal VD status decreased by three times. A statistically significant decrease in the median serum 25(OH)D during the pandemic was observed in children aged 2-3 years and 4-6 years (p<0.05).
Conclusion: COVID-19 movement restrictions significantly decreased serum 25(OH)D levels in children.N.A. BELYKHI.V. PIZNYURV.V. MAYBORODAO.A. SOLOVYOVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlechildrenvitamin drestrictive measurescovid-19 pandemic.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 32-41 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:7b5d41e1107f4a1482877e7c19571b0d2024-03-29T10:54:07ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Thalamic nucleus reuniens regulates spatial memory via medial entorhinal cortex: a preliminary study10.16016/j.2097-0927.2023121072097-0927https://doaj.org/article/7b5d41e1107f4a1482877e7c19571b0d2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aammt.tmmu.edu.cn/html/202312107.htmhttps://doaj.org/toc/2097-0927Objective To preliminarily investigate the role of thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) on medial entorhinal cortex (MEC)-related spatial memory and its mechanism. Methods Retrobeads-mediated retrograde tracing and anterograde tracing were used to identify the morphological connections between RE and MEC brain regions. Then in vivo fiber photometry was used to record and analyze the activities of REMEC-projecting neurons when mice were exploring in the open field. Chemical genetics was utilized to explore the effects of RE-MEC pathway inhibition on spatial memory. Results Retrograde and anterograde tracing confirmed that RE sent neuronal fibers to MEC, which were mainly distributed in the superficial layers. Optical fiber recording showed that the activities of REMEC-projecting neurons were increased when the mice were rearing and looking up, but were decreased when the mice were stationary and grooming (R2=0.077 3, P < 0.01). And the calcium signal of these neurons was positively correlated with movement speed. Compared with the control group, chemogenetic inhibition of the RE-MEC pathway significantly prolonged the exploration distance of the mice in the treatment group in the open field (P < 0.01), but showed no effects on the center time, rearing time, number of head ups and number of grooming. Conclusion RE-MEC pathway is activated during spatial exploratory behaviors and participates in spatial learning and memory. Chemogenetic inhibition of RE-MEC pathway impairs spatial memory and extends the exploration distance to represent the spatial information of novel environment, and has no effects on emotions.
[Key words] thalamic nucleus reuniens , medial entorhinal cortex , spatial memory , open field ,LU MinminXIAO QinLUO XinweiEditorial Office of Journal of Army Medical Universityarticlethalamic nucleus reuniensmedial entorhinal cortexspatial memoryopen fieldMedicine (General)R5-920ZH陆军军医大学学报, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 507-514 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:04403c56fff74aa3adc3b73757d2d3bb2024-03-29T10:53:10ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lDYNAMIC SPLINTING FOR TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION IN CHILDREN UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-42-562074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/04403c56fff74aa3adc3b73757d2d3bb2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-42-56https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To enhance the outcomes of conservative treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with congenital hip dislocation (CHD) in infants under one year by using dynamic splinting (DS).
Methods: The study examined the treatment of CHD in 206 infants during their first year of life. There were 164 girls (79.6%) and 42 boys (20.4%). Patient age distribution: up to 3 months – 17.0%, 4-6 months – 28.6%, 7-9 months – 40.3%, and 10-12 months – 14.1%. 151 (73.3%) had unilateral dislocation, and 55 (26.7%) had bilateral dislocation. The control group (n=101) used splints with rigid fixation of the limb in 67 (66.3%) and in 34 (33.7%) patients, the CITO splint and the Vilensky splint were used, respectively. In the main group, 105 patients (51.0%) used two DS types developed by study authors.
Results: The study showed that traditional splints used in the control group had disadvantages associated with the rigid fixation of limbs, i.e., lack of mobility leading to hip joint (HJ) contracture and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Two types of dynamic hip abduction splints were developed to overcome these shortcomings. The first is called the DS, which is used to treat CHD in children without aseptic necrosis or in the absence of the threat of such a complication. The second is called dynamic distraction splint (DDS), which was developed to treat CHD with avascular necrosis or in the presence of a risk of such a complication. The implementation of these approaches resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of aseptic necrosis (from 15.8% to 1.9%, p<0.05), HJ contracture (from 18.8% to 3.8%, p<0.05), residual phenomena (from 14.9% to 4.7%, p<0.05), and a decrease in the frequency of unsatisfactory results compared to traditional approaches (7.6% versus 22.8%, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The DS technique enables achieving maximum mobility in the HJ while maintaining the abduction and preserving the function of the structure during the actual treatment process at different ages. This, in turn, assists in enhancing the treatment outcomes for the patients.A.A. RAZZOKOVM.Z. KARIEVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlecongenital hip dislocationconservative treatmentabduction splintsdynamic distraction splints.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 42-56 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b4fcba1199944555b9b3590eecc178782024-03-29T10:51:58ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~Integration of Calligraphy in Quran Reading and Writing: Analysis of Quran Writing Skills Among Elementary School Studentshttps://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v14i1.10172085-00342549-3388https://doaj.org/article/b4fcba1199944555b9b3590eecc178782022-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jurnal.albidayah.id/home/article/view/1017/400https://doaj.org/toc/2085-0034https://doaj.org/toc/2549-3388This study aims to determine the effectiveness and application of the calligraphy method in learning to read and write the Quran (QRW) at SDN Malangrejo Sleman, which leads to enhanced students' abilities in Quranic learning. This research employs a qualitative descriptive analysis method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that teaching Quran reading and writing through calligraphy can foster and develop students' creativity, namely, teaching students to appreciate the art of calligraphy. Therefore, the calligraphy method in QRW learning at SDN Malangrejo Sleman is effective and innovative. The approach, which requires understanding, reading, and writing the Quran correctly, is crucial. It also aims to prevent students from boredom when learning to read and write the Quran and fosters student autonomy. We believe schools and other Islamic education teachers can leverage this research to improve the quality of Quran reading and writing. The findings of this study are expected to prompt teachers and educational institutions to consider the calligraphy method as an alternative approach to learning to read and write the Quran, as it may enhance creativity and students' interest.Iffah Khoiriyatul MuyassarohSiti KhamimMuhammad Nurul MubinStudy Program of Education for Islamic Elementary School Teachers (Undergraduate), Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education (FITK), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakartaarticlecalligraphyelementary schoolquran reading and writingwriting skillsEducationLENAl-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 143-162 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:6ed6cd2599144908a745931d688ee8772024-03-29T10:51:32ZTENDOkZvc3NpbCBtYW4uIEh1bWFuIHBhbGVvbnRvbG9neQ~~TENDOlBhbGVvbnRvbG9neQ~~SAUROPOD DIVERSITY (DINOSAURIA: SAUROPODA) OF CERRO OVERO – LA INVERNADA (BAJO DE LA CARPA FORMATION, SANTONIAN), NORTHEASTERN NEUQUÉN BASIN, AND PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR UPPER CRETACEOUS SAUROPOD FAUNAS10.5710/PEAPA.24.02.2024.4842469-0228https://doaj.org/article/6ed6cd2599144908a745931d688ee8772024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.peapaleontologica.org.ar/index.php/peapa/article/view/484https://doaj.org/toc/2469-0228
The Upper Cretaceous fossil vertebrate fauna of the Bajo de la Carpa Formation (Santonian), derived from several different locations in the Neuquén Basin, is relatively abundant and diverse, comprising mainly small to medium-sized reptiles, birds and fishes. The Cerro Overo – La Invernada locality (CO – LI), in the north of the basin, records a similar faunal component for that age, but stands out for its relatively greater abundance and diversity of titanosaur sauropods. The study of the materials presented here allows us to establish the presence of specimens of sauropods other than Overosaurus, the only titanosaur recorded so far in the area, the coexistence of small–medium sized forms with larger forms, which in turn represent some forms with more basal characteristics and others with more derived features. The abundance of the record of sauropods in CO – LI shows both morphological and evolutionary variations, so the discovery of more complete specimens will allow paleofaunistic, paleobiological, and paleoecological studies to be carried out. This will provide a better understanding of the role of titanosaurian sauropods in Late Cretaceous ecosystems.
Leonardo Sebastián FilippiFlavio BellardiniJosé Luis CarballidoAgustín Pérez-MorenoAlberto Carlos GarridoAsociación Paleontológica ArgentinaarticleSauropodaTitanosauriaDiversityUpper CretaceousNeuquén BasinFossil man. Human paleontologyGN282-286.7PaleontologyQE701-760ENESPublicación Electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, Vol 24, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:717e932a5393403bae3cd36821054e6c2024-03-29T10:51:14ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lEXPERIMENTAL DEPRESSION-MODULATED ACTIVATION PATTERN OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-57-662074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/717e932a5393403bae3cd36821054e6c2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-57-66https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To study the effect of modelled depression not associated with stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system (HPAS) in mice.
Methods: The experiment was conducted on the twenty-four C57BL/6 mice weighing 20-25 g, divided into two groups: an experimental one, involving animals with reserpine-induced depression, and a control one, the animals of which were administered normal saline instead of reserpine solution. At the end of the experiment, behavioral tests were performed (open field, sucrose preference, forced swimming), and the corticosterone concentration in blood was measured using ELISA. Image analysis of histological changes in the adrenal gland and thymus was performed. All results were statistically processed using SPSS 27.0.1 software, with p<0.05 indicating the significance of differences.
Results: Animals of the experimental group showed a significantly higher level of corticosterone in the blood (p<0.01), significant changes in behavior in the open field test (distance traveled, rearing, frequency of urination and defecation, p<0.01), reduced sucrose preference (p<0.01) and shortened duration of the active phase in the forced swimming test (p<0.01) than the animals of the control group. Besides, in the mice of the experimental group, a significant increase in the volume density of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex was found (p<0.05), as well as the area of its spongiocytes and their nuclei (p<0.05). In the thymus of the experimental animals, a significant decrease in the cortex-medulla ratio was noted (p<0.05); and an increase in the volume density of tingible body macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group of mice.
Conclusion: Modelled depression, not associated with stress, the depth of which was assessed by behavioral tests, caused activation of the HPAS, manifested by increased corticosterone levels, hyperplasia of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, hypertrophy of its spongiocytes and their nuclei, as well as changes in the thymus, indicating associated immunosuppression. Thus, the study showed that, along with the well-known phenomenon of the development of depression against the background of chronic stress-associated activation of HPAS, there is an inverse mechanism leading to activation of the HPAS during the development of depression not associated with stress, which must be taken into account when developing the new strategies of treating depression.N.A.D. RAZLANM. KAPITONOVAR.N. ALYAUTDINS.B. TALIPN. RAMLIT.M. NWEAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticledepressionhypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systemcorticosteroneimmune systemmice.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 57-66 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2c12139132164095bc5f34869ac524e12024-03-29T10:49:03ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lIN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTITHROMBOTIC AND ANTICOAGULANT ACTIVITY OF HERBAL SOURCES10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-67-752074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/2c12139132164095bc5f34869ac524e12024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-67-75https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: In vitro evaluate the antiaggregation and anticoagulation properties of aqueous plant extracts, including Viburnum opulus flowers and fruits, Urtica dioica leaves, Coffea arabica leaves, and shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) herb.
Methods: In vitro assessment of anticoagulation activity was conducted by examining the impact on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and fibrinogen levels. Anti-aggregation activity was evaluated using the Born turbidimetric method.
Results: The research found that the phytoextracts examined did not impact the concentration of fibrinogen and PT. However, they did slightly prolong the APTT, and this effect was statistically significant compared to the control. Coffea arabica leaves, and Viburnum opulus fruit extracts showed substantial anticoagulant activity (30% and 29% sodium heparin, respectively; p-value <0.05 for both). Extracts of Viburnum opulus fruits and Coffea arabica leaves significantly prolong the latent period before collagen-induced platelet aggregation by up to 116.7% and 118.8% of the intact platelet index, respectively. Every sample analyzed showed a significant decrease in the maximum platelet aggregation amplitude compared to the control. The most notable impact was with Urtica dioica and Coffea arabica leaf extracts, which reduced the percentage to 85.9% and 89.2% of the control, respectively. These extracts exhibited 77.6% and 59.7% of the effectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid, with Coffea arabica extract showing a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to the reference drug. All plant extracts, except Capsella bursa-pastoris extract, which reduced this indicator, significantly prolonged the time needed to reach maximum aggregation. Coffea arabica extract had the most significant impact, showing 223.8% of the efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid (p<0.05). The extracts (excluding Capsella bursa-pastoris) significantly decreased the platelet aggregation rate. The most notable impact was observed with extracts of Viburnum opulus flowers and Coffea arabica leaves, which yielded an inhibitory effect on the rate of aggregation of acetylsalicylic acid (-10%/min relative to intact platelets, p<0.05), reducing aggregation rate by -5.2% and -6%/min compared to control, respectively.
Conclusion: The samples analyzed in our study show weak anticoagulation activity, with the most noticeable effects in extracts of coffee leaves and viburnum fruits. Additionally, we found that the antiaggregation activity of the extracts of coffee leaves, nettles, and viburnum fruits was much more substantial, comparable to or even surpassing the effect of acetylsalicylic acid in some cases.G.M. ABDULLINAN.V. KUDASHKINAS.R. KHASANOVAR.ZH. GANYEVA.V. SAMORODOVN. CHIDUKUF.V. SADYKOVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticleanticoagulation propertiesantiaggregation activityviburnum opulusurtica dioicacoffea arabicacapsella bursa-pastoris.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 67-75 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:4d6162da8a9c4c028477dffd1e0efb2f2024-03-29T10:46:54ZTENDOlBsYW50IGN1bHR1cmU~TENDOkdlbmV0aWNzIn-silico analysis and transformation of OsMYB48 transcription factor driven by CaMV35S promoter in model plant – Nicotiana tabacum L. conferring abiotic stress tolerance10.1080/21645698.2024.23344762164-57012164-5698https://doaj.org/article/4d6162da8a9c4c028477dffd1e0efb2f2024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645698.2024.2334476https://doaj.org/toc/2164-5698https://doaj.org/toc/2164-5701ABSTRACTGlobal crop yield has been affected by a number of abiotic stresses. Heat, salinity, and drought stress are at the top of the list as serious environmental growth-limiting factors. To enhance crop productivity, molecular approaches have been used to determine the key regulators affecting stress-related phenomena. MYB transcription factors (TF) have been reported as one of the promising defensive proteins against the unfavorable conditions that plants must face. Different roles of MYB TFs have been suggested such as regulation of cellular growth and differentiation, hormonal signaling, mediating abiotic stress responses, etc. To gain significant insights, a comprehensive in-silico analysis of OsMYB TF was carried out in comparison with 21 dicot MYB TFs and 10 monocot MYB TFs. Their chromosomal location, gene structure, protein domain, and motifs were analyzed. The phylogenetic relationship was also studied, which resulted in the classification of proteins into four basic groups: groups A, B, C, and D. The protein motif analysis identified several conserved sequences responsible for cellular activities. The gene structure analysis suggested that proteins that were present in the same class, showed similar intron-exon structures. Promoter analysis revealed major cis-acting elements that were found to be responsible for hormonal signaling and initiating a response to abiotic stress and light-induced mechanisms. The transformation of OsMYB TF into tobacco was carried out using the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, to further analyze the expression level of a gene in different plant parts, under stress conditions. To summarize, the current studies shed light on the evolution and role of OsMYB TF in plants. Future investigations should focus on elucidating the functional roles of MYB transcription factors in abiotic stress tolerance through targeted genetic modification and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. The application of omics approaches and systems biology will be indispensable in delineating the regulatory networks orchestrated by MYB TFs, facilitating the development of crop genotypes with enhanced resilience to environmental stressors. Rigorous field validation of these genetically engineered or edited crops is imperative to ascertain their utility in promoting sustainable agricultural practices.Yumna AhmadSaqlain HaiderJaved IqbalSana NaseerKotb A. AttiaArif Ahmed MohammedSajid FiazTariq MahmoodTaylor & Francis GrouparticleAbiotic stress tolerancecrop improvementcrop yieldMYB transcription factorPlant cultureSB1-1110GeneticsQH426-470ENGM Crops & Food, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 130-149 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:4792e826cae344bb8571661cc07cbc592024-03-29T10:46:52ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lCOMPLIANCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-76-852074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/4792e826cae344bb8571661cc07cbc592024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-76-85https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327The causes and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not fully understood and can be influenced by various factors such as genetic, environmental, and immune system dysfunction. With chronicity, IBD requires long-term medication use. Therefore, strictly adhering to the prescribed treatment regimen is essential to prevent relapses and achieve remission. This review article evaluates the relationship between treatment adherence (also compliance) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with IBD. We conducted a literature search using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and eLibrary to analyze scientific articles published between 2013 and 2023. We included articles that presented the results of assessing quality of life and/or adherence to treatment in patients with IBD. We excluded articles that evaluated patients with other concomitant conditions or provided incomplete data.R.J. JAMOLOVAD.K. MUKHABBATOVD.T. RAKHMONOVS.G. ALI-ZADEAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticleinflammatory bowel diseasesulcerative colitiscrohn's diseasecompliancequality of life.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 76-85 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f23ad8c201dd4cf0b6f2dbafd574b5c62024-03-29T10:46:40ZTENDOlNwZWNpYWwgYXNwZWN0cyBvZiBlZHVjYXRpb24~TENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~Correction10.1080/10872981.2024.23344721087-2981https://doaj.org/article/f23ad8c201dd4cf0b6f2dbafd574b5c62024-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10872981.2024.2334472https://doaj.org/toc/1087-2981Taylor & Francis GrouparticleSpecial aspects of educationLC8-6691Medicine (General)R5-920ENMedical Education Online, Vol 29, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cb5b8c7308bf40fe8fb2255ac5ec9c252024-03-29T10:45:12ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~Quality of Life for the Jordanian National Team Female Players10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.19722073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/cb5b8c7308bf40fe8fb2255ac5ec9c252024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/1972https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
This research primary aimed at investigating the quality of life for the Jordanian National team’s female players and exploring any significant differences in the quality of life over the following variables: ages, economical level, number of play years, injury level, and the game type. The descriptive approach was used. The sample consisted of 73 female players of the National team games female players (football, basketball, handball, and volleyball). The players completed responding on the athlete life quality scale, prepared by (Gentner et al., 2011) which contains 15 items scale which divided into 5 subscales. The analysis results showed that the players reflected a (slightly satisfied) level at quality of life (mean =5.29). The results also showed that no significant differences were reported in the quality of life subscales according to age, economical level, number of play years and injury level. While significant differences were observed in the game type between the basketball female players from one side and the female players of football and hand ball team game such that the differences were favor of the football and hand ball games .The researchers recommend to essentially follow up female player’s needs of the national Jordanian team games and to take care and attention to the psychology and social needs in an attempt to raise their level quality of life which may help to raise and developed performance level.
Mervat DeebEyyad MaghayrehHaitham AlnaderCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleTeam gamesPositive PsychologyThe Athlete Life Quality ScaleSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:60f914e646094e13b963b6a05af308552024-03-29T10:45:12ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~The use of an innovative device to improve the efficiency of the posterior quadriceps muscle of the man after the anterior cruciate ligament injury of advanced soccer players10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.19342073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/60f914e646094e13b963b6a05af308552024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/1934https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
Objective of the research This study aimed to manufacture an innovative device that enables the player to walk after the operation and improves functional efficiency through improvement in the range of motion as well as improvement in the size of the muscles working on the knee joint Imposing research There are statistically significant differences between the pre and posttests of the experimental and control groups, there are Statistically significant differences between the post-tests between the experimental group and the control group in favor of the experimental group of the research sample. The researchers used the experimental approach by designing the control and experimental groups with a test (pre-post) for the suitability of the approach to the research problem. The study population consisted of players with severed anterior cruciate ligaments for advanced soccer players, and the number of the research sample was (5) injured for the control sample and (5) for the experimental sample. The researchers concluded that the use of the innovative device showed good results in accelerating the rehabilitation process, and the development of body parts was In line with the progress of bending and stretching in the innovative device. There is no delay for one part of the body at the expense of another part, the most important recommendations. The necessity of using partial movement braces in the rehabilitation of the anterior cruciate ligament injury of the knee in advanced soccer players, the use of the number of walking steps and the pressure applied to the ground as a criterion for the progress of rehabilitation and recovery, the researcher recommends using the device early after the operation.
Mohammed Jawad KadhimAbdulrahman MousaCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesarticlecruciate ligamentcruciate ligament tearrange of motion of the knee jointathletic rehabilitationthigh muscle circumferencestatic balanceSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f1a99256d78b433d803ab2f9a166687e2024-03-29T10:45:11ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~Social Impacts of Hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup on Citizens and Residents in Qatar10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20062073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/f1a99256d78b433d803ab2f9a166687e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2006https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
This study aimed to identify the social impacts of hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar on its citizens and residents. Also, it aimed to reveal the differences in these impacts across various demographic variables, including identity, age group, and gender. The researcher adopted a descriptive methodology to achieve these objectives, collecting data mainly through a questionnaire administered to a diverse sample of 411 individuals who willingly participated in the study. The study's findings unveiled a range of significant social effects from this momentous event hosted in Qatar. Notably, these effects manifested in improving the country's image, fostering an incomparable sense of community pride, developing a heightened feeling of belonging, and arousing an overwhelming enthusiasm within the populace in Qatar towards hosting such grand-scale sporting events. Moreover, the World Cup fostered stronger feelings of security and social cohesion. Based on these results, the study advocates recommendations for future investigative endeavors. Despite its significant results, the study recommends future research to encompass a more diverse and inclusive representation from various regions. This is crucial to understand better the social outcomes of large-scale sporting events among the population.
Rashid Al GheithiAbdul Rahim Al DroushiAmin GaafarCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesarticlesocial impactsFIFA World CupresidentsQatarSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:52b35a2619a7444d8dfcfd5635efbd002024-03-29T10:45:11ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~A Field Study to Assess Physical Activity Levels During Weekdays Among Students in the First Cycle and its Relationship with Lower Limb Muscle Strength10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20222073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/52b35a2619a7444d8dfcfd5635efbd002024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2022https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
This study aimed to assess physical activity levels during 3 school days among first cycle students and its relationship with lower limb muscle strength. Twenty-eight students from the Governor of Muscat were participated in this study, (age: 11.8±0.3 years, height: 9.0±148 cm, mass Body: 14.5±34.8 kg, BMI: 5.3±19.2 kg.m-2 To assess physical activity levels, the ActiGraph GT3X device was used for 3 school days during the week (from 8:00 am to 12:00 pm, daily). All participating performed two tests of lower limb muscle strength (CMJ - FCM). Study results showed that the average physical activity levels of students during 3 school days were (455.9± 56.7minutes) and (26.3±6.6 minutes) for both sedentary physical behavior (SPA) and high-intensity physical activity (VPA), respectively. The results also revealed that the level of moderate and vigorous physical activity level (MVPA) during 3 days of school reached (67.9 ±17.01minutes), which is approximately (22.6 minutes per day), meaning that there was a noticeable decrease in the levels of physical activity practiced during school days (3 days). per week for first cycle students. The results also showed that there was no relationship between all physical activity levels (SPA, LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA) and lower limb muscle strength tests (CMJ - FCM) among the students (0.05<p).
Badriya Al-HadabiHeba El-AshkarRadhouane SassiCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleModerate and vigorous physical activityaccelerometerMuscular powerchildren and adolescentsSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2dd33b55f9b541a2bbd704b01f3a07c32024-03-29T10:45:11ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~The contribution of The Mindfulness and its relationship to risk-taking behavior in predicting sports injury among junior footballers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20442073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/2dd33b55f9b541a2bbd704b01f3a07c32024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2044https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
The study aimed to identify the level of mental alertness and risk-taking behavior among soccer players, and to identify the relationship between mental alertness and risk-taking behavior, and to identify the differences in mental alertness and risk-taking behavior in the light of the following demographic variables (training age, degree of injury severity, number of injury times, centers playing), and knowing the extent of the contribution of mental alertness and its relationship to risky behavior to predict sports injury in football youths, and the study used the descriptive approach, and the study population consisted of junior high-class clubs, and the sample included (300) youths, who were chosen in a simple random way, and the study was used in The tools are a measure of mental alertness (Johnson, et al, 2016), a measure of risk-taking behavior (Abdel-Fattah, Mahmoud, 2019), and a form for the player's primary data. There is an inverse (negative) statistically significant correlation between the total degree of mental alertness and risk-taking behavior and its dimensions. Mental alertness and risk-taking behavior according to the following variables (training age - playing position), and there are statistically significant differences in mental alertness according to the number of sports injuries in the past and current season and the severity of the injury in favor of the players whose number of injuries is from (1-3), and whose severity Their injury is light, and there are statistically significant differences in the risk-taking behavior according to the number of injury times for the two seasons and the severity of the injury in favor of the players whose number of times of injury is from (1-3) times and whose severity of injury is light, and since the higher the degrees of mental alertness among soccer players, this leads to The decrease in risk-taking behavior among young people, which is reflected in the reduction of sports injuries, so mental alertness predicted the risk-taking behavior, which was reflected in the decrease in the rate of sports injuries.
Turki Al-GhamdiMohammed HaggagCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleMindfulnessrisk-taking behaviorsports injuryjunior footballersSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:20bdf2c9217a441292b52d501ba757002024-03-29T10:45:11ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~The Impact of Mechanical Training in Accordance with Regulating the Optimal Stride Length in the First and Second Straight Phases on the Achievement of 400 Meter Events for Men10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20322073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/20bdf2c9217a441292b52d501ba757002024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2032https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
The significance of this research is primarily anchored in the sustained interest in athletic achievements and the ongoing process of their development through the application of biomechanics and its integration into the science of sports training. The study aims to focus on the regulation of the optimal stride length according to the runner's height, necessitating specialized mechanical training tailored to specific distances when sprinting in both the first and second straight sections of the 400-meter event. This is proposed through the suggestion of six interval distances (90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40 meters).
The research problem delves into the importance of training 400-meter sprinters by leveraging the first and second straight sprints with an ideal stride length, calculated as the runner's height × 1.22 according to James Hay's equation, and utilizing this to compensate for the deficit incurred during curve running due to changes in running mechanics to overcome centrifugal force.
In light of their research objectives, the authors hypothesized that there would be no significant statistical differences between the pre-test and post-test measurements of male 400-meter sprinters. The researchers employed an experimental method with a single group to suit the nature of the research problem. The sample consisted of six athletes representing (Army, Police, Militia) clubs. The training program included 24 training units over eight weeks, with an average of three training units per week. The researchers concluded several key findings, notably that the designed training had a significant impact on the sample group, as evidenced by the significant differences observed. In light of the results, the researchers recommend the application of these training methods according to the special equation for calculating the optimal stride length in other activities to enhance performance towards better outcomes.
Eman Al-SaadiMaher ShalshCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleMechanical training, Optimal stride length400-meter eventSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:ed16ae6ef3ff4a359ded6eff086c3fb52024-03-29T10:45:10ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~Physical Activity, Sleep and Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for college students in Iraq10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20642073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/ed16ae6ef3ff4a359ded6eff086c3fb52024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2064https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
This study demonstrates the relationship between physical activity, sleep, and health-related quality of life among college students, reporting gender differences in levels of physical activity and sleep.The sample comprised four hundred twenty male and female students from the University of Baghdad's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Three questionnaires were finished to gauge the quality of life concerning health, sleep, and physical activity. Stepwise regression, independent t-tests, and descriptive statistics were used to examine the data.The overall sample's health-related quality of life was strongly predicted by sleep characteristics and vigorous physical activity, according to the results (F = 0.017, p = 0.000). There was no significant correlation found between any level of physical activity and health-related quality of life for females. Still, vigorous and moderate physical activity variables significantly predicted health-related quality of life in males when examined by gender (t = 6.837, df = 309.115, p <.05).Vigorous physical activity and good sleep are beneficial for helping college students improve health-related quality of life, but this benefit may vary by gender.
Denise LianHalah AtiyahCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleCollege studentshealth-related quality of lifephysical activitysleepIraqSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:e1732c19749e450591d6066e0971db8e2024-03-29T10:45:10ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~The effect of neuromuscular training on improving some skill performances in basketball10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20612073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/e1732c19749e450591d6066e0971db8e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2061https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
The aim of the recent study was to examine the effect of neuromuscular training on performance layup and free throw shots performance among female basketball students. Study sample was female students of physical education and sport sciences department (Age 20.21±39.0) who volunteered to participate in this study. Thirty-seven female students participated in this study, where (21) female students were selected to be experimental group of neuromuscular exercises. A sample of (16) female students was used for the exploratory study from the original community. Results showed that neuromuscular exercises can improve the chosen basketball skills (free-throw and layup-shot shooting). The contribution of neuromuscular training in a positive way to the free-throw and layup-shooting skills.
Mahfoodha Al KitaniCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesarticleshootingbasketballneuromuscular exercisesSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:4281d8e24a7e409684c029de76e20d4e2024-03-29T10:45:10ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~Mental arrangement in cognitive processes, processing information accurately, and performing the skill of shooting from both sides in basketball10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20602073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/4281d8e24a7e409684c029de76e20d4e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2060https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
Basketball is considered an open-surface game that requires the player to deal with the variables of the match according to the movement or stability of the opponent and in the form of motor responses and accuracy and the arrival of the balls to the different playing areas in which the teammate is present to obtain an appropriate opportunity for the process of possession and control of the course of the game that qualifies the team to win the game. Or achieve the required points in the matches. The response is the motor ability that a basketball player needs. It takes a short time to execute, provided that this execution is distinguished by the element of accuracy, which comes from the mental arrangement of cognitive processes through which information related to the details of the technical performance of skills, especially the skill of lateral shooting in basketball, is prepared. The research aims to identify the role of mental arrangement in cognitive processes and prepare information for the accuracy of performing the skill of shooting from both sides of the basket among young players. It is assumed that there is a statistically significant correlation between mental arrangement in cognitive processes and preparing information for the accuracy of performing shooting from both sides of the basket for the youth group, and it was the research sample was 30 young players from the Al-Zafaraniya Youth and Sports Center, Diyala Bridge, and the municipalities in Baghdad - Al-Rusafa. The descriptive approach was adopted using the method of correlational relations, and the researcher used statistical methods, percentages, correlation coefficient (Pearson), arithmetic mean, and standard deviation to reach the results, and the results were presented. Analyzing and discussing the results, and arriving at the most important conclusions, there is a significant correlation between the mental arrangement in the cognitive processes and processing of information and the accuracy of shooting from both sides of the basket for the youth group. It is recommended to emphasize the mental arrangement in the cognitive processes and processing of information, provided that it is coupled with the accuracy of shooting side tackles with the ball. Basketball for young players.
Rajesh KumarAhmed AmerCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesarticlemental arrangementcognitive processesaccuracybasketball handlingBasketballSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cf1669b3774642c2bba65551e27d65282024-03-29T10:45:09ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~A Comparison of Some Important Biochemical Indicators According to Escalating Physical Effort till Fatigue for Elite Freestyle Wrestlers, 800m Runners, and 200m Freestyle Swimmers10.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.20652073-64522707-5729https://doaj.org/article/cf1669b3774642c2bba65551e27d65282024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2065https://doaj.org/toc/2073-6452https://doaj.org/toc/2707-5729
It is the nature of the game and the activity that determines the characteristic of the manifestation of fatigue according to what is required by the neuromuscular work in it, as well as the changes that occur in the functional variables and the time of the differential threshold. The location of each activity and the game of these teams have been studied in a special table for energy production systems as a result of continuous changes in their laws, and are considered within the energy systems such as the anaerobic system (Phosphagine) and lactic acid for (800) m runners - freestyle swimmers (200) m in the physical effort till fatigue. The comparison in the important functional indicators for them, and the research methodology embodied in the way of working through the method used, which is the descriptive method in comparison then, the researchers identified the research community for the young national team athletes for freestyle wrestling, and the national team(800)m runners, as well as of the national team in (200) m swimming for the sports season (2022-2023), A total of 21 athletes were selected in an organized manner and distributed into three equal groups (7 athletes) for each of the three types of sports (wrestler, 200-meter swimming and 800-meter running)., and the researchers would conduct tests for the research variables biochemical for the sample members, as well as some variables that have an impact on the results of the study such as (height, age, weight, and the age of training ), and the homogenization of the research sample members was carried out. The results of statistical treatments were presented, analyzed, and discussed, supported by sources.
The most important conclusions were that most of the activities and the variation of values are very essential biochemical indicators. The differences were significant and the positive variation in accordance to the type of sport or activity, and the last variation between the activities in terms of comparison in these variables is due to the nature and specificity in terms of the intensity of the resistances and direct and indirect friction For competitors and the expenditure of energy stored in muscles. Finally, the researchers recommended knowing the most important biochemical indicators in these events and sports as they reflect a clear picture of the individuals' internal preparations and functional responses.
David CurbyAhmed AliGhazwan KhudairCollege of Physical Education and Sport SciencesarticleBiochemicalindicatorsescalated physical effortelite athletes wrestlingathleticsSportsGV557-1198.995ARENالتربية الرياضية, Vol 36, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:0f1871b31fb746998e7963a6f7dc074b2024-03-29T10:45:00ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lMODERN VIEW ON REHABILITATION OF CANCER PATIENTS10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-86-982074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/0f1871b31fb746998e7963a6f7dc074b2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-86-98https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327The literature review evaluates the rehabilitation measures in the country's oncological institutions, assesses regulations in other countries, and scientific publications related to the rehabilitation of cancer patients. Studies were analysed using electronic databases PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, e-Library, RSL. Over 47,900 sources were found, of which 50 papers over the past ten years were selected and included in the article. The criteria for inclusion were the rehabilitation of cancer patients, stages of rehabilitation, pre-rehabilitation, nutritional support, psychological assistance, and quality of patients’ life. Considering the urgency of the problem, WHO 2017 took the initiative and adopted the Rehabilitation 2030 program, which provides expanding global access to high-quality rehabilitation as an essential health service for people with non-communicable diseases. According to summarized data, rehabilitation is based on the following principles: stage-by-stage process, consistency, complexity, and individual approach. The stages of medical rehabilitation of cancer patients include pre-rehabilitation; stage I – a period of specialized treatment; stage II – rehabilitation in a hospital setting after discharge; and stage III – early and late rehabilitation periods. An analysis of the situation in Tajikistan showed that in oncology-related institutions, rehabilitation of cancer patients is carried out within the framework of existing protocols for individual nosology, where a set of measures for the stages of rehabilitation is not sufficiently developed. A practical assessment of the effectiveness of rehabilitation is not set up. The stereotype about limiting the use of physiotherapy and sanatorium-resort treatment for cancer patients persists. There are no regulations for comprehensive rehabilitation of cancer patients. The need to optimize treatment results, prolong the survival of patients with various functional disorders, and improve the quality of life dictates the necessity for the development and systematic implementation of comprehensive rehabilitation of cancer patients.D.R. SANGINOVZ.KH. KHUSEYNZODAN.K. GAYRATOVA I.K. NIYAZOVAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlecancer patientsrehabilitationstages of rehabilitationpre-rehabilitationnutritional supportpsychological assistancequality of life.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 86-98 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:37498f5fc92f41eba2a0ea3dce05eea22024-03-29T10:43:23ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lEPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOPATHOGENESIS, AND HEMOSTASIS PROCEDURES IN RECURRENT EPISTAXIS10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-99-1162074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/37498f5fc92f41eba2a0ea3dce05eea22024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-99-116https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Objective: To examine the literature on epidemiology, etiology, and treatment strategies for recurrent nosebleeds (RNB, epistaxis).
Methods: Using information portals and platforms, including Elibrary.ru, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane.org, we searched for specific keywords related to epistasis, including nosebleeds, recurrent nosebleeds, etiology, hemostasis methods, epistaxis, recurrent epistaxis, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment. We analyzed sixty-eight English and Russian scientific papers, excluding RNB articles on blood diseases, cancer, nasal injuries, and post-surgical interventions.
Results: The prevalence rate of RNB remains unknown, with studies focusing on single institutions or regions. Epistasis relapse rates range from 5.9% to 30.5%, varying by cause and treatment methods. Most cases involve anterior epistaxis (90%), while 12.4% to 34.8% experience more severe posterior bleeding. Factors like arterial hypertension (AH), anticoagulant use, and environmental factors contribute to RNB. Severe cases may require hospitalization (6% to 8.2%), with 10.7% facing a third relapse needing vessel ligation or embolization. Around 0.25% to 4.8% of RNB patients may succumb due to complications or excessive bleeding.
Conclusion: Research focused on understanding the reasons and procedures for treating RNB remains essential, as the condition can be life-threatening. Recurrence of epistaxis after different RNB treatments may require more extreme vessel-ligating surgeries. Therefore, improving treatment outcomes by adopting a personalized approach to selecting hemostasis methods and addressing the underlying causes of RNB is crucial.O. NEMATZODAZ.A. AKHROROVAD.D. SULTANOVI. UBAYDULLOAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlerecurrent epistaxisetiologypathogenesishemostasis methodsnasal tamponade.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 99-116 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:57eaac09c02245c1a221c7e6bd1bb71a2024-03-29T10:42:25ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~REPATRIATION IN KAZAKHSTAN: RELEVANCE OF TERMINOLOGY AND SOCIAL ADAPTATION (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH) 10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.082617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/57eaac09c02245c1a221c7e6bd1bb71a2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1817https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
In the context of rapid changes occurring in the economy and geopolitics, we are faced with the task of studying conceptual approaches to defining the term repatriate for ethnic Kazakhs, as well as identifying social factors of their adaptation. The purpose of the study was to determine the relevance of the introduction of the term "kandas" and its preference over the term "oralman", as well as to identify factors of social adaptation using the quantitative method of sociological survey. Research question: do different categories of respondents agree with the introduction of the new term "kandas" instead of the term "oralman"?
The main conclusions of the study confirm the following hypotheses:
• For ethnic Kazakhs returning to their historical homeland, the term "kandas" is more suitable than the term "oralman".
• Gender of kandases does not affect the preferences of communication with them among citizens of Kazakhstan.
• The age of the kandases does not affect the preferences of communication with them among citizens of Kazakhstan.
• The settlement of the kandases in the northern regions of Kazakhstan is more favorable.
During the period from July 20, 2022 to March 20, 2023, a sociological questionnaire survey was conducted in written form by contact communication through the delivery of questionnaires to respondents, as well as from April 3, 2023 to June 9, 2023 in the form of a contactless online survey using a Google form on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, respondents' preferences in communicating with kandas by gender and age were identified, as well as the optimal region in the settlement of kandas. The scientific value of the study lies in the confirmation of the hypotheses put forward, which are a scientific novelty in the field of kandases' immigration. The practical significance of the research results lies in the use of the results of a sociological survey for practical recommendations on the integration of kandas in the north of Kazakhstan.
Key words: kandas, migration, social adaptation.
M. SharimovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:65f2cc4caff5429eb2aa5a2b3f9bb4222024-03-29T10:42:24ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~ЭКЗИСТЕНЦИЯ ШКАЛАСЫНЫҢ ПСИХОМЕТРИЯЛЫҚ СИПАТТАРЫ МЕН ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК-ДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.042617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/65f2cc4caff5429eb2aa5a2b3f9bb4222024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1871https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
Мақалада өзіндік алшақтық, өзіндік трансценденттік, еркіндік, жауапкершілік сияқты тұлғаның экзистенциялық кемелденуін құрайтын өлшемдердің әлеуметтік-демографиялық ерекшеліктерін анықтау мақсатында жүргізілген эмпирикалық зерттеудің нәтижелері қамтылған. Зерттеу жүргізу барысында A. Laengle-нің «Экзистенция шкаласы» әдістемесі қазақ тіліне аудырылып, тіл мен ұлт ерекшелігіне бейімделді. Өлшеу құралының альфа-Кронбах көрсеткіші 0,932-ке тең болды. Бұл көрсеткіш әдістеменің қазақ тілді нұсқасының сенімділік статистикасы өте жоғары екенін және қолданысқа енгізуге болатынын көрсетеді. «Экзистенция шкаласын» жүргізу барысында алынған мәліметтердің қалыпты үлестірім заңдылығына сәйкестігі тексеріліп, әр субшкала бойынша пайыздық көрсеткіштерге сипаттама берілді. Зерттеу жұмысының мақсатын орындау үшін әдістемеге берілген жауаптармен қатар жиналған респонденттердің жасы, жынысы, білімі, отбасылық және жұмыс жағдайына байланысты ақпаратты қолдана отырып, корреляциялық және дисперсиялық талдау жасалынды. Нәтижесінде әр түрлі жыныс өкілдері арасында және отбасылық пен жұмыс жағдайына байланысты еркіндік, жауапкершілік, экзистенция субшкалалары және экзистенциялық кемелдену шкаласы бойынша көрсеткіштерде айырмашылықтар анықталды. Алынған қорытынды нәтижелер дәл осы әдістемені қолдану арқылы жүргізілген австриялық зерттеу нәтижесімен салыстырылды. Зерттеу нәтижесін экзистенциялық бағыттағы зерттеушілер, практик-психологтар мен психотерапевттер қазақ тілді тұлғалармен жұмыс жасау барысында қолдана алады.
Түйін сөздер: экзистенциялық кемелдену, экзистенция, өзіндік алшақтық, өзіндік трансценденттік, еркіндік, жауапкершілік.
K. AkhanA. KassymzhanovaB. PikoM. AkhmetzhanovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:08d9124dc65a4888bf67449f16f0f72e2024-03-29T10:42:24ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~ТҰРМЫСТЫҚ ЗОРЛЫҚ-ЗОМБЫЛЫҚТЫ БАСЫНАН КЕШІРГЕН ӘЙЕЛДЕРДІҢ ПСИХОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ САУЛЫҒЫ10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.032617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/08d9124dc65a4888bf67449f16f0f72e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1882https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
Мақала тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін зерттеуге арналған. Себебі әйелдердің саулығы ерлі-зайыптылардың нақты мақсаттарына, отбасылық жоспарларын сәтті жүзеге асыруға, өзара мінез-құлық ерекшеліктерін түсінуге, сондай-ақ алға қойған мақсаттарына жету үшін ресурстар мен жағдайларға байланысты. Алайда қазіргі таңда өзекті болып отырған тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылық психологиялық саулықты бұзушы факторлардың бірі. Тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны көпшілігінде әйелдер болып табылады. Күнделікті өмірде физикалық, психологиялық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешіру, әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының нашарлауына жағдай жасайды.
Мақаланың негізгі мақсаты тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны болған әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін анықтау болып табылады. Зерттеуден алынған мәліметтер психологиялық саулық феноменінің субъективті жақтарын анықтауға мүмкіндік береді.
Мақалада саулық, субъективті саулық, психологиялық саулық категорияларына сипттама беріліп, жалпы әйелдердің, сонын ішінде тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны болған әйелдердің психологиялық саулығын қарастырған зерттеулерге талдау жасалынған. Эксперименталды зерттеуде тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін анықтау үшін PERMA-Profiler сауалнамасы қолданылып, алынған нәтижелерге математикалық статистика қолданылған. Зерттеуде эксперименталды топ (тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдер) пен бақылау тобы (қалыпты отбасындағы әйелдер) тобының нәтижелері салыстырылып, екі топ арасындағы айырмашылық статистикалық тұрғыда көрісетілген. Зерттеу нәтижесі бойынша эксперименталды топтағы әйелдерде жалпы саулықтың көрсеткіші орташа дәрежеде екендігі анықталды. Оның себебі: әйелдер өткен өмірінде отбасында көрген зорлық-зорлықпен салыстырғанда, дағдарыс орталығына келгеннен бері өмірінде мағына пайда болғанын, біршама жетістікке жеткенін, мақсатқа бір қадам аяқ басып, бақыттымын деп бағалауымен байланысты. Демек, жалпы психологиялық саулық феномені әрбір адам үшін субъективті болып табылуы мүмкін.
Түйін сөздер: саулық, психологиялық саулық, отбасылық саулық, тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылық, өмірге қанағаттану, өмірлік мағына
G. AkymbekG. MenlibekovaS. IliyevаZh. BekovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b28aebb9ac394b9a85c807a7a10abf142024-03-29T10:42:23ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~ДЕМОНСТРАТИВНОЕ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ: КОНТЕНТ-АНАЛИЗ ГЕНДЕРНОГО ЛИДЕРСТВА В СРЕДСТВАХ МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ КАЗАХСТАНА 10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.0102617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/b28aebb9ac394b9a85c807a7a10abf142024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1903https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
В представленной научной статье рассматривается анализ и исследования женского лидерства как одного из аспектов демонстративного потребления в современном казахстанском обществе. В ходе исследования был проведен анализ контента наиболее цитируемых СМИ страны и популярных телевизионных каналов с целью выявления особенностей восприятия женского лидерства в медийной среде и его отражения в общественном мнении. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о недостаточном внимании к проблеме женского лидерства в телеэфире и о слабой ассоциации женщин с понятиями «лидер» и «руководитель». Исследование также подчеркивает существующее неравенство возможностей для карьерного роста между мужчинами и женщинами в государственной службе. Отмечается важность дальнейшего исследования роли средств массовой информации в формировании гендерных стереотипов и создании условий для повышения статуса женщин в обществе. Поддержка самовыражения женщин через проявление социального статуса рассматривается как перспективное направление для достижения женского лидерства в Казахстане. Такие выводы требуют дальнейших исследований и разработки активных мероприятий в сфере социальной политики, чтобы обеспечить более справедливое и равноправное участие женщин в общественной жизни страны.
Ключевые слова: демонстративное потребление, женское лидерство, пирамида Маслоу, социальный статус, контент-анализ, средства массовой информации.
Yu. VyatkinaG. BurakanovaА. AbzalbekovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:7f99763e0efd47109f68ff26708824a12024-03-29T10:42:23ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~CONSEQUENCES OF BIAS: PERSONAL COSTS OF PREJUDICE ON HAPPINESS, HEALTH AND LIFE-SATISFACTION IN A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.052617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/7f99763e0efd47109f68ff26708824a12024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1902https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
Prejudice is certainly consequential for the victim’s well-being but the consequence of the same for perpetrators of prejudice is not clear-cut. This study therefore explores the impact of prejudice culpability on individuals' happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction using cross-national data.
Analyzing secondary data from the 2017-2020 European Values Survey (N = 58,103) and the 2017-2021 World Values Survey (N = 76,897) across 81 countries, the study focuses on three indicators of prejudice: prejudice against immigrants, racial prejudice, and prioritizing national individuals for employment during job scarcity. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to assess the equality of mean scores for happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction among respondents exhibiting prejudice or aversion to it.
Results reveal that respondents culpable of prejudice against immigrants constituted 21.7%, racial prejudice was at 15.5%, and 66% were culpable of prioritizing national people for employment. Mean±SD scores indicate that happiness was 3.13±0.69 (min. = 1, max. = 4), subjective health was 3.77±0.90 (min. = 1, max. = 5), and life satisfaction was 7.20±2.18 (min. = 1, max. = 10). Notably, individuals culpable of all three forms of prejudice experienced significantly poorer happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction (p < 0.05).
Contrary to the notion that prejudice exclusively harms its victims, this study underscores the negative consequences of prejudice for both victims and perpetrators. Recognizing the adverse personal effects on those holding biased views offers a valuable perspective for designing interventions aimed at reducing prejudice. Hence, this nuanced understanding can inform the development of more holistic and effective prejudice reduction interventions.
Keywords: Prejudice reduction intervention, immigrants, outgroup, subjective well-being
Bashirat Abiodun IbrahimAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:361c5713dd954bd9837d9db2b1f9704f2024-03-29T10:42:23ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF RELIGIOUS IDENTITY AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF MODERN KAZAKHSTAN STUDENTS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF АL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY)10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.012617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/361c5713dd954bd9837d9db2b1f9704f2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1932https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
The relevance of this article is determined by the increased scale of psychological and psychosocial problems determined by the increase in interethnic and interfaith tension, as well as the strengthening of the processes of religious identification and its influence on value orientations, which led to transformations in the moral sphere.
In this regard, the purpose of the article was to study the peculiarities of the relationship between religious identity and value orientations of modern Kazakh students (using the example of students of аl-Farabi Kazakh National University). To achieve this goal, methodological tools were used, including the questionnaire “Components of Religious Identity”, “Value Questionnaire (PVQ-R2)” and “Methodology for the Study of Values”. Verification of the research results showed that the religious identity of students belonging to the most widespread denominations in Kazakhstan - Islam and Orthodox Christianity - has much in common and at the same time is determined by differences. For Muslim students, the social aspects of religious identity are most relevant. The religious identity of students professing Christianity is more individual and less ethno-confessional in orientation. The general trend that unites both religious groups is the presence of a religious identity aimed at protecting against anxiety and worry (through the relationship of its external components with corresponding value orientations). The article is of practical importance for further research and monitoring of the processes of religious identification and its connection with the value orientations of young people emerging in a multicultural and multi-confessional state.
Key words: religious identity, value orientations, relationship, student youth, Muslims, Christians, etc.
O. AimaganbetovaL. KassymS. ZhantikeyevB. KazikhanovE. AdilovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cbed04e5aa794ebeaf277cb42e697a882024-03-29T10:42:22ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~IMPACT OF PERSISTENCE ON SELF-ESTEEM AT THE STUDENT AGE 10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.022617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/cbed04e5aa794ebeaf277cb42e697a882024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1940https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
This article examines the relationship of self-esteem with perseverance, optimism, activity and responsibility. The authors analyzed the scientific literature in order to further explore self-esteem for its improvement. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that self-esteem forms an idea of oneself, is an important regulator of behavior and affects all spheres of personal life. It determines the quality of life, efficiency and self-realization of the individual. The purpose of this study is to examine the features of self-esteem, the relationship with persistence and determine its socio-psychological factors.
The study involved 200 students aged 18 to 23 years from six universities in Kazakhstan. Five diagnostic techniques were used: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Optimism and Activity Scale, AOS; Carver-White questionnaire, BIS/BAS; Locus of Control Survey (Rotter); Hexaco PI-R60 questionnaire. The results of the conducted research showed the relationship of self-esteem with such indicators as optimism and activity, sociability and responsibility. The influence on self-esteem of factors such as sports, self-belief, parental support, satisfaction with appearance and studies, academic performance, suicidal thoughts and loneliness. According to the empirical analysis, the tendency of respondents to overestimate their self-esteem was found. The paper discussed the characteristics of students their values and other indicators. The study showed that 23.5% of students feel lonely, almost the same number of students think about suicide. Thus, this study provides new knowledge about self-esteem and its relationship with other psychological factors. It contributed to the understanding of the role of self-esteem in the formation of self-image and personality behavior, and is also of practical value for the development of psychological programs and techniques for working with students' self-esteem.
Key words: self-esteem, self-confidence, optimism, activity, persistence.
N. AuyelbekovaN. AkhtayevaD. KlepikovZ. SadvakassovaH. AbdurakhmonovAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:89180e03d8704801af25d5226c429ca12024-03-29T10:42:22ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ХИДЖАБА: БИБЛИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ БАЗЫ ДАННЫХ SCOPUS (С 2002 ПО 2022 ГГ.)10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.062617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/89180e03d8704801af25d5226c429ca12024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1938https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
Социологические аспекты в изучении хиджаба актуализируют возрастающий научный интерес и исследовательские перспективы с точки зрения увеличения религиозных практик его ношения среди женщин. В статье предлагается «новая оптика», основанная на проведении библиометрического анализа, с использованием современных инструментов анализа данных, таких как R Studio и VosViewer, что позволило авторам определить и систематизировать возможные тренды и периоды увеличенной активности научных публикаций. Целью настоящей статьи является выявление ключевых тенденций и динамики развития темы, а также формирование тематических кластеров, характеризующих изучаемую область научного знания за последние двадцать лет с 2002 по 2022 годы. В рамках настоящей работы авторами применена библиометрическая методология, включающая анализ набора данных 303 высокоцитируемых научных публикаций, 10 наиболее влиятельных журналов и продуктивных стран в области изучения хиджаба. Практическая значимость настоящей работы создает основу для дальнейших исследований в области социологии религии.
Статья подготовлена в рамках грантового финансирования Комитета науки МНиВО РК (АР19679699 «Религиозность/духовность, благополучие и идентичность казахстанской молодежи: сравнительное страновое исследование»).
Ключевые слова: социальная структура, социально-экономическое неравенство, религиозная идентичность, вера, религиозное убеждение.
A. SaimassayevaG. AbdiraiymovaD. BurkhanovaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f1012e72c5014142b6c51d7af4cda0b02024-03-29T10:42:21ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~CORRELATION OF RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR VALUES IN KAZAKHSTAN SOCIETY10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.092617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/f1012e72c5014142b6c51d7af4cda0b02024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1965https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
This article reflects the nature of the correlation of religious and secular values in Kazakhstan society. The authors show that in the process of modern global socio-economic relations, socio-cultural changes have begun in local traditional cultures, and these changes are especially manifested in attitudes to religious values. When studying these changes, the authors separately touch upon the concepts of faith, religiosity and secularism, and compare the nature and specifics of these trends with sociological theories. The work of the authors of the study with the data of the large-scale project "World Values Survey" and the secondary analysis of the data of this project increases the scientific significance of the study. The possibility of using the materials of this study for decision-making in matters of religion in the field of public administration and in the study of academic disciplines and special courses related to the topic of religion increases the practical significance of the study.
Thus, the article analyzes the idea of the role of religion, considers the importance of its study and provides a description of the analysis of the relationship between religious and secular values based on sociological theories. Within the framework of the topic under consideration, authors from a number of sociological theories take as a basis the integrative theory of sociocultural changes by Ronald Inglehart and Wayne Baker, as well as the theory of social interaction, authored by P. Sorokin. Thus, the authors describe the ideas of these theories through sociological data that reflect people's attitudes to the culture of religion as one of the indicators of cultural changes in Kazakh society. We see that religiosity or traditionalism are not the main characteristic of the values of Kazakh society, there are also indicators of the spread of post-materialistic values and aspirations among the population, which we can see only in modern civil society.
Keywords: religion, religiosity, secularism, traditionalism, socio-economic changes.
М. AbdikakimovМ. KaribayevAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b4c524895db54103bbb47da405ed85082024-03-29T10:42:21ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE UNIFIED NATIONAL TESTING IN THE CONTEXT OF VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF GRADUATES OF SCHOOLS IN KAZAKHSTAN10.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.072617-75442617-7552https://doaj.org/article/b4c524895db54103bbb47da405ed85082024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1942https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7544https://doaj.org/toc/2617-7552
This article presents an analysis of the results of the unified national Testing (UNT) in Kazakhstan in the context of available socio-demographic characteristics. The main purpose of the study is to determine what the results of the final assessment of schoolchildren in various social groups are. The scientific significance of the work lies in the presentation of the formation of methods for analyzing such data. On the practical side, the results are important for a wide range of the public interested in understanding the problematic factors of the UNT. The research methodology covers quantitative and qualitative indicators: the data of the UNT results were obtained from open sources of the Republican State-Owned Enterprise (RSE) "National Testing Center" of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, within the framework of the qualitative method, the results of other studies in relation to the studied topic were analyzed using the Desk-research method. The analysis revealed certain differences, among which there are gender differences in test results and the choice of educational programs, differences in the context of educational programs, quotas and periods of the UNT were confirmed. In general, it is of interest to further study this topic, to trace the dynamics of changes in the parameters analyzed in the article, as well as to expand the categories included, which provides the basis for a longitudinal study and continuation of the analysis demonstrated in the presented article.
Key words: integrated national testing, average certificate score, average grade, university admission, score analysis, pedagogical sciences.
А. ShabdenovaА. SatybayevaAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityarticlePsychologyBF1-990Sociology (General)HM401-1281ENKKRUХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы, Vol 88, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b499999e90ed4b6d84276139165d59732024-03-29T10:40:15ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lUNDERSTANDING OF CHRONIC VENOUS DISEASES AS A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROBLEM: SHIFTING FROM A DISEASE-SPECIFIC, LINEAR VIEW TO A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-117-1322074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/b499999e90ed4b6d84276139165d59732024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-117-132https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Chronic venous diseases (CVD) are examined in this review from the perspective of the continuity of the venous system of the lower extremities and pelvis. The review emphasizes the most clinically significant manifestations of venous insufficiency in the lower extremities, pelvic veins, and varicose veins of the scrotum and hemorrhoids. Due to the unity of pathogenesis and similarity of symptoms of venous stasis in different locations, the review stresses the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing this category of patients. Assessing venous symptoms in the presence of comorbidities such as osteoarthritis, diabetes mellitus, and arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities is one of the most essential clinical tasks facing a phlebologist. At the same time, the modern trend in the treatment of CVD, regardless of the anatomical location, is endovenous and minimally invasive technologies that combine surgical radicalism with minimally invasive interventions. This review is based on analyzing published materials in the three most common electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. The primary search query strategy included the following keywords: chronic venous disease, venous insufficiency, pelvic venous disorders, hemorrhoidal disease, and varicocele.SH. OLIMIG.V. MNATSAKANYANS.N. ODINOKOVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlechronic venous diseasesvaricose veins of the lower extremitiespelvic vein diseasesvaricocelehemorrhoids.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 117-132 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2b6f219a88cd42e29ece62afd34e680e2024-03-29T10:39:47ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbiAoR2VuZXJhbCk~Defining Immersive Learning10.20343/teachlearninqu.12.92167-47792167-4787https://doaj.org/article/2b6f219a88cd42e29ece62afd34e680e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/TLI/article/view/74616https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4779https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4787
Immersive learning practices (ILPs) in higher education are multidisciplinary in nature and varied in levels of integration into the student learning process. They appear in a variety of higher education programs such as teacher education, social work, law, and health sciences, and in practices such as service-learning, study away, internships, and foreign-language instruction. Based on observations of teaching and data from an open-ended survey and semi-structured interviews with post-secondary educators from three different countries, this study theorizes that immersive learning practices are composed of six distinct underlying theoretical components that work in combination. These six components can be used to describe, define, compare, and design different types of structured ILPs. This study suggests that ILPs are pedagogically distinct from other forms of engaged and experiential learning.
Phillip MotleyBeth Archer-KuhnCatharine Dishke HondzelJennifer Dobbs-OatesMichelle EadyJanel SeeleyRosemary TyrrellUniversity of Calgaryarticleimmersionhigh-impact practicesmultidisciplinarypedagogyengaged learningEducation (General)L7-991ENTeaching & Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal, Vol 12 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:e726a19d83d343f88bf6cc0421fb7fc52024-03-29T10:39:46ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbiAoR2VuZXJhbCk~Using Infographics to Go Public with SoTL10.20343/teachlearninqu.12.102167-47792167-4787https://doaj.org/article/e726a19d83d343f88bf6cc0421fb7fc52024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/TLI/article/view/78078https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4779https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4787
There has been a call to amplify the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) and expand its reach by engaging with audiences outside the academy. In this paper, we share our journey in crossing disciplinary boundaries and creating a SoTL-informed infographic for public consumption. As the field of SoTL continues to evolve, infographics hold tremendous potential to communicate SoTL to various stakeholders, including educators, students, administrators, policymakers, and the public. We outline best practices in infographic development and the potential of infographics as a tool for taking SoTL public, emphasizing their visual appeal and effectiveness in conveying complex information. We conclude by discussing the implications of using infographics to advance SoTL communication. The efforts of our group serve as a valuable example of how infographics can be used to bring SoTL knowledge out of academia and into the public domain.
Bryn KeoghLorelli NowellEleftheria LaiosLisa McKendrick-CalderWhitney Lucas MolitorKerry WilburUniversity of CalgaryarticleSoTLbest practicesknowledge sharingpublic engagementinfographicsEducation (General)L7-991ENTeaching & Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal, Vol 12 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:21c6b42cb07b41d796ab2e238ede13792024-03-29T10:39:46ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbiAoR2VuZXJhbCk~Participatory and Place-Based Socioeconomic Knowledge Generation: An Experience in Community-Based Research Pedagogy10.20343/teachlearninqu.12.82167-47792167-4787https://doaj.org/article/21c6b42cb07b41d796ab2e238ede13792024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/TLI/article/view/78232https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4779https://doaj.org/toc/2167-4787
This article uses fieldnotes along with student and practitioner feedback to recount the challenges, benefits, and broader learnings of engaging master’s students in a participatory research seminar. The students developed research proposals about a real-world socioeconomic challenge with and for local practitioners. Proposals were consistent with the principles and practices of participatory action research (PAR). The planning, implementation, and assessment of this course was informed by feminist scientific philosophies of collaboration, situatedness, partiality, accountability, and a sensitivity to power dynamics. In line with both PAR and SoTL principles, there was an explicit emphasis on partnership, reflexivity, and broad forms of learning in both the classroom and practitioner meetings. The students were challenged by the unfamiliarity of the research approach, the need to navigate a new way of working directly with stakeholders, as well as the responsibility to the community that participatory approaches espouse. Despite the challenges, the students were eager to soak up local knowledges, reflect on their role as researchers, and contribute constructively if they could.
Jessica PalkaUniversity of Calgaryarticleparticipatory action researchcommunity-based research pedagogyfeminist epistemologysocial economicsEducation (General)L7-991ENTeaching & Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal, Vol 12 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:66252ca740814840b9ea03e91b0087192024-03-29T10:38:08ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lMICROSURGICAL TREATMENT OF DISTAL POSTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERY ANEURYSM DURING THE COLD PERIOD AFTER SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE: A CASE REPORT10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-133-1432074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/66252ca740814840b9ea03e91b0087192024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-133-143https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Aneurysms located on the distal portion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are a rare disease that requires special treatment. Keeping the artery patent while excluding the aneurysm from the blood flow is essential during surgery. The patency ensures adequate blood circulation in the surrounding tissues and reduces the risk of ischemic complications. Therefore, carefully manipulating nearby anatomical structures is crucial to ensure successful surgery, minimize complications, and achieve optimal treatment results. This article describes a case of successful surgical intervention in a patient with a complex distal PICA aneurysm. The surgery was performed in the area of the anterior medullary segment using an extended retrosigmoid retrocondylar approach combined with C1 hemilaminectomy and monitoring the V3 segment of the vertebral artery. This approach has proven safe and effective, representing a promising alternative for the microsurgical treatment of PICA aneurysms, both in the acute and subacute stages of hemorrhage. The chosen surgical tactics helped prevent recurrent subarachnoid and intraventricular bleeding, as well as minimize the risk of ischemia, edema, and compression of the brain stem. These complications could lead to severe disability or even death.N.O. RAKHIMOVKH.D. RAKHMONOVD.R. SANGINOVM.V. DAVLATOVAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticleposterior inferior cerebellar arterydistal aneurysmintraventricular hemorrhagemicrosurgical treatmentaneurysm clippingclinical case.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 133-143 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:48a6a731654d45bda5134bf56dbede412024-03-29T10:37:51ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~Border-Based Management at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Sebatik, North Kalimantan https://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v14i1.8912085-00342549-3388https://doaj.org/article/48a6a731654d45bda5134bf56dbede412022-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jurnal.albidayah.id/home/article/view/891/399https://doaj.org/toc/2085-0034https://doaj.org/toc/2549-3388Educational institutions have an essential role in dealing with border issues. Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Furqon uses border issues to develop the governance of educational institutions. This research focuses on two things. First, what are the characteristics of border-based Islamic Elementary Education management at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Furqon? Second, how is the strength of the management in its participation in responding to border issues? Research with the qualitative method collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis comprised three stages: data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. This Madrasah has utilized school-based management to develop border-based Islamic Elementary Education Management. Among the characteristics of border issues concerning its management is branding as the Boundary School, the orientation of student recruitment by taking community groups with problems in border areas as its customer segments, and management of learning management based on border issues. The management implementation gives strength to this Madrasah to manage aspects of the customer segment, value proposition, channel, key partnerships, key activities, and cost structure in the business management of educational institutions to deal with border issues. This Madrasah also utilizes the management to develop inclusive Islamic religious education in the border context.Sedya SantosaIzzatin KamalaStudy Program of Education for Islamic Elementary School Teachers (Undergraduate), Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education (FITK), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakartaarticlebordersmadrasah ibtidaiyahmanagementEducationLENAl-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 115-142 (2022)oai:doaj.org/article:29a62262801a4ddb9696ac68fa535ef62024-03-29T10:37:44ZTENDOk1lZGljYWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neQ~~Patient-reported outcome measures for monitoring primary care patients with depression: the PROMDEP cluster RCT and economic evaluation2046-492410.3310/PLRQ4216https://doaj.org/article/29a62262801a4ddb9696ac68fa535ef62024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.3310/PLRQ4216https://doaj.org/toc/2046-4924Background Guidelines on the management of depression recommend that practitioners use patient-reported outcome measures for the follow-up monitoring of symptoms, but there is a lack of evidence of benefit in terms of patient outcomes. Objective To test using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaire as a patient-reported outcome measure for monitoring depression, training practitioners in interpreting scores and giving patients feedback. Design Parallel-group, cluster-randomised superiority trial; 1 : 1 allocation to intervention and control. Setting UK primary care (141 group general practices in England and Wales). Inclusion criteria Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a new episode of depressive disorder or symptoms, recruited mainly through medical record searches, plus opportunistically in consultations. Exclusions Current depression treatment, dementia, psychosis, substance misuse and risk of suicide. Intervention Administration of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaire with patient feedback soon after diagnosis, and at follow-up 10–35 days later, compared with usual care. Primary outcome Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, symptom scores at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, scores at 26 weeks; antidepressant drug treatment and mental health service contacts; social functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale) and quality of life (EuroQol 5-Dimension, five-level) at 12 and 26 weeks; service use over 26 weeks to calculate NHS costs; patient satisfaction at 26 weeks (Medical Informant Satisfaction Scale); and adverse events. Sample size The original target sample of 676 patients recruited was reduced to 554 due to finding a significant correlation between baseline and follow-up values for the primary outcome measure. Randomisation Remote computerised randomisation with minimisation by recruiting university, small/large practice and urban/rural location. Blinding Blinding of participants was impossible given the open cluster design, but self-report outcome measures prevented observer bias. Analysis was blind to allocation. Analysis Linear mixed models were used, adjusted for baseline depression, baseline anxiety, sociodemographic factors, and clustering including practice as random effect. Quality of life and costs were analysed over 26 weeks. Qualitative interviews Practitioner and patient interviews were conducted to reflect on trial processes and use of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 using the Normalization Process Theory framework. Results Three hundred and two patients were recruited in intervention arm practices and 227 patients were recruited in control practices. Primary outcome data were collected for 252 (83.4%) and 195 (85.9%), respectively. No significant difference in Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, score was found at 12 weeks (adjusted mean difference –0.46, 95% confidence interval –2.16 to 1.26). Nor were significant differences found in Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd Edition, score at 26 weeks, social functioning, patient satisfaction or adverse events. EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level version, quality-of-life scores favoured the intervention arm at 26 weeks (adjusted mean difference 0.053, 95% confidence interval 0.013 to 0.093). However, quality-adjusted life-years over 26 weeks were not significantly greater (difference 0.0013, 95% confidence interval –0.0157 to 0.0182). Costs were lower in the intervention arm but, again, not significantly (–£163, 95% confidence interval –£349 to £28). Cost-effectiveness and cost–utility analyses, therefore, suggested that the intervention was dominant over usual care, but with considerable uncertainty around the point estimates. Patients valued using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to compare scores at baseline and follow-up, whereas practitioner views were more mixed, with some considering it too time-consuming. Conclusions We found no evidence of improved depression management or outcome at 12 weeks from using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, but patients’ quality of life was better at 26 weeks, perhaps because feedback of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores increased their awareness of improvement in their depression and reduced their anxiety. Further research in primary care should evaluate patient-reported outcome measures including anxiety symptoms, administered remotely, with algorithms delivering clear recommendations for changes in treatment. Study registration This study is registered as IRAS250225 and ISRCTN17299295. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 17/42/02) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 17. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
Plain language summary Depression is common, can be disabling and costs the nation billions. The National Health Service recommends general practitioners who treat people with depression use symptom questionnaires to help assess whether those people are getting better over time. A symptom questionnaire is one type of patient-reported outcome measure. Patient-reported outcome measures appear to benefit people having therapy and mental health care, but this approach has not been tested thoroughly in general practice. Most people with depression are treated in general practice, so it is important to test patient-reported outcome measures there, too. In this study, we tested whether using a patient-reported outcome measure helps people with depression get better more quickly. The study was a ‘randomised controlled trial’ in general practices, split into two groups. In one group, people with depression completed the Patient Health Questionnaire, or ‘PHQ-9’, patient-reported outcome measure, which measures nine symptoms of depression. In the other group, people with depression were treated as usual without the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We fed the results of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 back to the people with depression themselves to show them how severe their depression was and asked them to discuss the results with the practitioners looking after them. We found no differences between the patient-reported outcome measure group and the control group in their level of depression; their work or social life; their satisfaction with care from their practice; or their use of medicines, therapy or specialist care for depression. However, we did find that their quality of life was improved at 6 months, and the costs of the National Health Service services they used were lower. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 can improve patients’ quality of life, perhaps by making them more aware of improvement in their depression symptoms, and less anxious as a result. Future research should test using a patient-reported outcome measure that includes anxiety and processing the answers through a computer to give practitioners clearer advice on possible changes to treatment for depression.
Scientific summary Some text in this chapter has been adapted from the study protocol published as: Kendrick T, Moore M, Leydon G, et al. Patient-reported outcome measures for monitoring primary care patients with depression (PROMDEP): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2020;21:441. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04344-9. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article unless otherwise stated. Background Depression is common and costly. It can lead to chronic disability, poor quality of life, suicide, and high service use and costs. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines recommend different treatments for more severe and less severe depression, but general practitioners, who treat more the majority of people with depression in primary care, are often inaccurate in their global clinical assessments of depression severity, and treatment is not targeted to patients most likely to benefit. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends that practitioners consider using validated patient-reported outcome measures to inform treatment at diagnosis and follow-up of people with depression, but there is insufficient evidence that these measures improve depression management and outcomes for patients in primary care. Aim and objectives The aim of the study was to answer the research question: What is the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of assessing primary care patients with depression or low mood soon after diagnosis and again at follow-up 10–35 days later, using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 combined with patient feedback and practitioner guidance on treatment? The objectives were to (1) carry out a cluster-randomised controlled trial to compare the intervention with usual care; (2) provide intervention arm patients with written feedback on their Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores, indicating evidence-based treatments relevant to the level of severity of depression to discuss with practitioners; (3) train practitioners to interpret Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores and their implications for choice of treatment, taking into account contextual factors; (4) follow up participants for 26 weeks, with research assessments at 12 and 26 weeks; (5) determine the primary outcome of depressive symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, at 12-week follow-up; (6) examine secondary outcomes, including depressive symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, at 26 weeks, and social functioning and quality of life at both 12- and 26-week follow-ups; (7) measure patient satisfaction, adverse events, antidepressant treatment, secondary care contacts, service use, and costs over 26 weeks’ follow-up, and perform cost-effectiveness and cost–utility analyses; and (8) carry out a qualitative process analysis to explore participants’ reflections on the use of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the potential for implementing it in practice. Methods The study design was a parallel-group, cluster-randomised superiority trial with 1 : 1 allocation to intervention and control arms. The setting was UK primary care (141 group general practices in England and Wales). Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years with a new episode of depressive disorder or symptoms. Patients were recruited mainly through regular medical records searches but also opportunistically at consultations for new episodes of depression. Exclusion criteria were current treatment for depression; dementia; psychosis; substance misuse; or a significant risk of suicide. The intervention was administration of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaire as a PROM soon after diagnosis and at follow-up 10–35 days later. Patients were given written feedback on their Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores and potential treatments to discuss with their general practitioners. Practitioners were trained in interpreting Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores and taking them into account in treatment decisions. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, scores at 26 weeks; social functioning (on the Work and Social Adjustment Scale) and quality of life (on the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level) at 12 and 26 weeks; service use including antidepressant treatment and primary and secondary care contacts over 26 weeks to calculate NHS costs; and patient satisfaction at 26 weeks (on the Medical Informant Satisfaction Scale). For our sample size calculation, we assumed a baseline mean Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, score of 24.0 with a standard deviation of 10.0 (derived from a feasibility study), and mean scores at 12-week follow-up of 14.0 in the intervention arm and 17.0 in the control arm. The anticipated difference of 3.0 points (effect size of 0.3) represented the minimum clinically important difference on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition. At the 5% level of significance, to have 90% power to detect that difference we calculated we needed 235 patients analysed per arm. We aimed to recruit a mean of six patients per practice and assumed an intracluster correlation coefficient of 0.03 (from the feasibility study), which gave a cluster design effect of 1.15, meaning we needed 270 per arm. We assumed a 20% loss to follow-up at 12 weeks, so the total sample size needed was 270 × 2/0.8 and our original target sample size was a total of 676 patients recruited, from 113 practices, by three recruitment centres (the University of Southampton, the University of Liverpool and University College London). We subsequently revised the target sample size on finding a significant correlation coefficient of > 0.5 between baseline and follow-up values for the primary outcome, which meant that we needed only 222 patients analysed per arm and, therefore, a target sample size of 554 patients recruited (revised 10 June 2021). Cluster randomisation of practices to intervention and control arms was carried out remotely by a Clinical Trials Unit statistician using computerised sequence generation, with minimisation by recruiting centre, size of practice and urban or rural location. Blinding of participating practitioners and patients to allocation was impossible given the nature of the intervention and the cluster-randomised design, but self-report outcome measures were used to prevent researcher rating bias, and statistical analysis was blind to allocation. Differences between intervention and control arms in the outcomes of depressive symptoms, social functioning and quality of life measured at 12- and 26-week follow-up were analysed using linear mixed models, adjusting for baseline depression; duration of depression; history of depression; baseline anxiety; sociodemographic factors (gender, age, socioeconomic position, housing, education, marital status and dependants), and clustering including a random effect for practice. Patient satisfaction, quality of life (quality-adjusted life-years) and costs were compared between the arms over the 26 weeks’ study follow-up period. Differences between the arms in the process of care for depression were also analysed, including patients’ self-reported use of antidepressants at the 12- and 26-week follow-up points, and medication and contacts with mental health services (community mental health nurses, counsellors, psychologists, psychiatrists, other therapists and social workers) recorded in practice medical records over the 26 weeks’ follow-up. A health economic evaluation was undertaken from an NHS and Personal Social Services perspective. The outcomes were expressed as incremental cost per point improvement in the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, clinical outcome (cost-effectiveness analysis), and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained (cost–utility analysis). The primary analysis at 26 weeks used a generalised linear mixed model to estimate the differences in costs and quality-adjusted life-years (using the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, five-level to calculate patient utilities), adjusted for baseline quality of life; baseline anxiety; sociodemographic factors; and practice as a random effect. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve were generated using non-parametric bootstrapping. Qualitative interviews with participating practitioners and patients in both arms were conducted to reflect on their involvement in the trial and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Intervention arm participants were asked about barriers, facilitators, benefits and problems related to using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, including questions derived from the normalisation process theory framework. Results Practices and patients As the number of patients recruited per practice was smaller than anticipated, we recruited significantly more than our target of 113 practices, eventually reaching a total of 189, but 48 practices subsequently withdrew (24 in each arm), so the final number of active practices was 141: 72 intervention and 69 control (28 above our original target). Practice characteristics were well balanced by arm. Of 11,468 patients approached in consultations or through mailed invitations, 1058 (9.2%) returned reply slips about the study: 574 (10.6% of those approached) in the intervention arm and 484 (8.0% of those approached) in the control arm. After the exclusion of patients declining to participate, ineligible at screening or uncontactable, 529 patients were assessed at baseline: 302 (5.5% of those approached) in the intervention arm and 227 (3.8% of those approached) in the control arm. The ratio of intervention to control arm patients recruited was, therefore, 1.3 to 1, which may have reflected lower motivation to take part among control arm practices. Of 529 patients recruited, 453 (85.6%) were followed up at 12 weeks: 254 intervention arm (84.1%) and 199 control arm (87.7%) patients. At the 26-week point, 414 patients (78.3%) were followed up: 230 intervention arm (76.2%) and 184 control arm (81.1%). Medical records data were collected for 259 intervention arm patients (85.8%) and 201 control arm patients (88.5%). The mean BDI-II score for depressive symptoms at baseline was higher in the intervention arm, at 24.1 (standard deviation 8.89) than in the control arm, at 22.4 (standard deviation 9.52). Baseline anxiety and quality-of-life scores were also worse in the intervention arm. Control arm patients were more likely to have had two or more previous depressive episodes. Demographic characteristics were relatively well balanced. Clinical outcomes At the 12-week follow-up, the mean Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, score was 18.5 (standard deviation 10.2) in the intervention arm and 16.9 (standard deviation 10.3) in the control arm. The adjusted mean score was slightly lower in the intervention arm, but this was not statistically significant (mean adjusted difference –0.46, 95% confidence interval –2.16 to 1.26; p = 0.60). At 26 weeks, the mean Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, scores were 15.1 (standard deviation 10.8) in the intervention arm and 14.7 (standard deviation 10.6) in the control arm (mean adjusted difference –1.63, 95% confidence interval –3.48 to 0.21; p = 0.08). Social functioning on the Work and Social Adjustment Scale and Medical Informant Satisfaction Scale satisfaction with care scores favoured the intervention, but the differences found were not statistically significant. A post hoc analysis at 26 weeks showed similar proportions improving by ≥ 50% on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, in the intervention and control arms (45.1% vs. 37.3%), but the proportion remitting to a score of < 13 was significantly greater in the intervention arm (49.8% vs. 39.9%; adjusted odds ratio 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 4.24; p = 0.02). Process of care In the intervention arm, 190 out of 261 patients (72.8%) had Patient Health Questionnaire-9 results in their medical records. In the control arm, 35 out of 201 patients (7.4%) had Patient Health Questionnaire-9 results recorded. More patients in the intervention arm had antidepressant prescriptions recorded in their medical records over the 26 weeks’ follow-up (67.4% vs. 55.7%), but the adjusted difference was not statistically significant. There was also no significant adjusted difference found in the proportions with mental health or social services contacts over the 26 weeks (34.6% vs. 33.8%, respectively). Health economic outcomes The adjusted mean difference in utility score between the arms was not statistically significant at the 12-week follow-up, but a statistically significant difference favouring the intervention arm was found at 26 weeks (0.053, 95% confidence interval 0.093 to 0.013; p = 0.01). However, quality-adjusted life-years over 26 weeks were not significantly greater (adjusted mean difference 0.0013, 95% confidence interval –0.0157 to 0.0182). Costs were lower in the intervention arm, but again not significantly (adjusted mean difference –£163, 95% confidence interval –£349 to £28). Cost-effectiveness and cost–utility analyses therefore suggested that the intervention was dominant over usual care, but with considerable uncertainty around the point estimates. The cost-effectiveness acceptability curve showed the probabilities of the intervention being cost-effective compared with usual care, at societal willingness-to-pay thresholds of £20,000 and £30,000 per quality-adjusted life-year, were 77% and 72%, respectively. Qualitative interviews Practitioners and patients interviewed described various benefits of using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, including the provision of information about the range of symptoms and severity categories of depression; highlighting particular symptoms, including suicidal thoughts; identifying changes in mood over time; and informing treatment plans. However, a number of practitioners stated that their own clinical judgement was more important in making management decisions. Some patients described the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as oversimplifying their complex experiences of depression; and some practitioners did not like the rigidity of the severity categories and their associated suggested treatments, which they referred to as ‘tick-box medicine’. Several practitioners expressed resistance to using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for these reasons, although some suggested it could be used as a guide for general practitioners with less experience. Barriers to using the questionnaire in routine practice included the time taken up in the consultation, which practitioners considered could be reduced if administering the questionnaire were automated through technological integration into practice communication and computerised records systems. Practitioners wanted an evidence base that the questionnaire was effective; clearer guidance on what to do depending on patient scores; and remuneration for the extra time taken in consultations. Limitations Baseline differences in depression, anxiety and quality-of-life scores may have reflected selection bias due to the cluster randomised design. We did not quite achieve the revised sample size target of 554 patients, falling short by 25, but the follow-up rate of 84.5% was better than the 80% predicted and so we gathered primary outcome data on 447 patients, exceeding the target of 444 and sufficient to answer the main research question with precision. It was not possible to blind participants and researchers to allocation to intervention or control arms given the pragmatic open and cluster randomised design, but we used self-report measures to avoid observer bias, and the analyses were carried out blind to allocation. We endeavoured to carry out the baseline assessments and administer the first Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as soon as possible after the patients first presented symptoms, but this was sometimes delayed by 2–3 weeks. In the meantime, treatment had already been started by the general practitioner/nurse practitioner of around half of the patients, which meant that the first Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score could not be taken into account when choosing initial treatments. Conclusions We found no benefit from using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in relation to the primary outcome of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, at the 12-week follow-up. There were also no significant differences found between the arms in the secondary outcomes of Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition, scores at 26 weeks, work and social functioning, patient satisfaction, medication use, or contacts with mental health services, although all the differences found in these measures were in the direction of favouring the intervention arm. However, we did find a significant benefit in terms of improved quality of life at 26 weeks, for similar overall service costs. We also found evidence of benefit in a categorical analysis comparing rates of remission of depression at 26 weeks, although this result should be treated with caution as it was from a post hoc analysis. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves showed that the probability of the intervention being cost-effective, at the lower and higher thresholds adopted by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence of £20,000 and £30,000 per quality-adjusted life-year, was 77% and 72%, respectively. We found that patients valued using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to identify changes in their scores. The mechanism by which feedback of scores might improve patients’ quality of life, despite not changing the management of their depression, might be through increasing their awareness of improvement in their symptoms over time, supporting personal reflection on their progress to recovery. Future work Further research should be conducted in primary care evaluating (1) longer patient-reported outcome measures including anxiety symptoms, (2) administered remotely before and between consultations, with (3) algorithm-driven interpretation, delivering recommendations for changes in treatment. Study registration This study is registered as IRAS250225 and ISRCTN17299295. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 17/42/02) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 17. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.Tony KendrickChristopher DowrickGlyn LewisMichael MooreGeraldine M LeydonAdam WA GeraghtyGareth GriffithsShihua ZhuGuiqing Lily YaoCarl MayMark GabbayRachel Dewar-HaggartSamantha WilliamsLien BuiNatalie ThompsonLauren BridewellEmilia TrapassoTasneem PatelMolly McCarthyNaila KhanHelen PageEmma CorcoranJane Sungmin HahnMolly BirdMekeda X LoganBrian Chi Fung ChingRiya TiwariAnna HuntBeth StuartNIHR Journals Libraryarticleprimary health caremental healthmood disordersdepressionpatient-reported outcome measurescost–benefit analysisMedical technologyR855-855.5ENHealth Technology Assessment, Vol 28, Iss 17 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:bdf99c633bab485298cfce6b280ba7d32024-03-29T10:36:47ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpApplication of UAV and ground measurements for urban vegetation cooling benefits assessment, Wilanów Palace case study10.22630/srees.56191732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/bdf99c633bab485298cfce6b280ba7d32024-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/5619https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
This research at the Wilanów Palace, Warsaw, assesses urban greenery’s cooling impacts in a cultural heritage site using remote sensing and on-site measurements, highlighting vegetation’s importance in urban climate control. The study combines soil temperature data, UAV thermal imagery, leaf area index (LAI), LiDAR, and NDVI analyses. Findings demonstrate a strong link between vegetation density and temperature: UAV land surface temperature (LST) ranged from 26.8° to 47.5°C, peaking at 72°C, while ground-based temperatures were between 19.5° and 29.2°C, lowest in dense vegetation areas. The statistical analysis confirmed significant temperature differences across vegetation types, with higher LAI areas showing lower temperatures. These results validate the cooling effect of dense vegetation, emphasizing green spaces’ significance in urban climate regulation within cultural heritage sites. The study informs sustainable urban design and conservation, underlining the critical role of vegetation in improving urban microclimates.
Michał TrzeciakDaria SikorskaWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticleecosystem servicesNDVIurban vegetationUrban Heat Islandclimate changeUAVEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:a5a09e27424b4abe832c49a94f2e9c422024-03-29T10:36:47ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpCost analysis of water charge rates in the Czech Republic – Case study 10.22630/srees.56251732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/a5a09e27424b4abe832c49a94f2e9c422024-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/5625https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
The article was conceived as an initial insight into the issues related to the representation of individual type costs (e.g. material, labor costs, property depreciation, etc.) in the price of water in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article was to point out the possibility of dependence between the size of the company operating the infrastructural property of water supply and sewerage and the representation of individual costs in the water price within the framework of the case study. As a sample that formed the outputs of the case study, 14 companies were taken, which were selected according to the unified regions of the Czech Republic. Both basic mathematical methods and elementary methods used in financial analysis were used in the analysis. Within the scope of the case study, it can be stated that there is no dependence between the size of the companies and the representation of costs. Among the largest costs from the point of view of financial representation are other direct costs, where the costs of depreciation, property repairs, rental property, as well as wage costs and material costs are mainly represented. Insignificant costs include, for example, energy costs, which are only represented in the range of 1.39–5.70% of the total costs. Therefore, in order for the results included in the case study to be considered statistically relevant, it is necessary to expand the sample and confirm or refute the initial findings published in this article.
Aneta ObloukováEva VítkováWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticlewater charge ratescalculation formulawater management companiesregions of the Czech Republicvertical analysishorizontal analysisEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:ea965feb0de8410090d614fceb35d3a32024-03-29T10:36:46ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpInvestigations of stress and strain state of aluminum alloys during a hot extrusion and patterns of structure and feature formation10.22630/srees.59481732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/ea965feb0de8410090d614fceb35d3a32024-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/5948https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
This paper investigates the stress and strain state as well as formation processes of structure and features of aluminum alloys during the hot extrusion. It has been shown that during the hot extrusion the ring layers of an extruded element experience not only longitudinal and transverse deformations, but also a slip. The slip increases from inner layers to the surface layer. The tensile principal stresses and the sum of slip deformations also increase. It has been also demonstrated that at the exit of the pressing part the tensile principal stresses have different directions, forming an angle with extruder axis, which also increases towards the surface. In conclusion, it has been stated that the main radial and circumferential deformations act as restraining deformations.
Suren G. Aghbalyan Vazgen BagdasaryanGayane A. Vasilyan Rafał WyczółkowskiWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticlecastingaluminum alloyhot extrusionslipstressmatrixEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:de995966ec0f4417892bf67c001ea9872024-03-29T10:36:46ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpSustainable debris management by linear dynamic transportation model10.22630/srees.52471732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/de995966ec0f4417892bf67c001ea9872024-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/5247https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
Management of large debris caused by building demolition necessitates a multi-faceted approach to deal with emerging side effects. Because of emerging global challenges, such as population growth, and renovation projects, a dynamic models need to be planned and controlled. One of the key drivers of this management is determining the appropriate path for transporting waste and debris. Debris management by using the linear dynamic transportation model (LDT) is conducted to deal with the unexpected amount of debris and other solid waste. This sudden and unexpected large amount of solid waste might be produced by natural disasters or by man-made catastrophes either directly or indirectly. By computing several parameters in certain zones, a sensitivity analysis of each parameter is performed to obtain an optimal model for disaster debris management. Based on disaster debris volume, the model gave us an optimal explanation of the debris disposal by locals. According to the estimated parameters and conditions, significant findings appear by identifying the optimal dynamic transportation path of the debris truck. Thus, by applying the LDT model, the results showed that the efficiency/inefficiency of road types and networks clearly affect the handling of debris.
Abdulamir Hussein QasimWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticledisaster managementdebris dischargedebris withdrawaltruck routing pathsustainable debris managementEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:ab3bf48cc4a743a6a3c08797c957b3082024-03-29T10:36:46ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpSupport vector regression tree model for the embankment breaching analysis based on the Chamoli tragedy in Uttarakhand10.22630/srees.48941732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/ab3bf48cc4a743a6a3c08797c957b3082024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/4894https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
This study used the analysis to provide considerable support of historical distortion in the Himalayan Chamoli tragedy of 2021. According to multi-objective data and survey results, a precursor event occurred in 2016, and a linear fracture grew at joint planes, suggesting that the 2021 rock ice avalanche will fail retrogressively. To analyze breaching, this study considers seven distinct criteria such as slope, water pressure, and faulty drainage, hydrostatic stress, agricultural operations, cloudbursts, and road building. Based on these characteristics, the support vector regression (SVR) model is utilized to analyze the sensitivity of the link between these parameters. The application of support vector regression analysis on the Chamoli instance confirmed our conclusion that embankment breaching causes glacier retreat and other consequences in increasing sensitivity to the characteristics of fractured rock masses in tectonically active mountain belts. Recent advances in environmental monitoring and geological monitoring systems can be used with the proposed SVR model to provide further information on the location and time of the impending catastrophic collapses in high hill regions.
SitenderDeepak Kumar VermaBaldev SetiaWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticleembankment breachingmulti-objective datacatastrophic collapsesrock-ice avalancheChamoli tragedyEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:a9a1a92b61134ab3ac468fa025abec942024-03-29T10:36:46ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVuZ2luZWVyaW5nIChHZW5lcmFsKS4gQ2l2aWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcgKEdlbmVyYWwpHybrid wavelet transform – MLR and ANN models for river flow prediction: Case study of Brahmaputra river (Pancharatna station)10.22630/srees.52581732-93532543-7496https://doaj.org/article/a9a1a92b61134ab3ac468fa025abec942024-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://srees.sggw.edu.pl/article/view/5258https://doaj.org/toc/1732-9353https://doaj.org/toc/2543-7496
In this research, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is combined with MLR and ANN to develop WMLR and WANN hybrid models, respectively, for the Brahmaputra river (Pancharatna station) flow forecasting. Daily flow data for the period of 10 year were decomposed (up to fifth level) into detailed and approximation coefficients (using Daubechies wavelets db1, db2, db3, db8 and db10) which were fed as input to MLR and ANN to get the predicted discharge values two days, four days, seven days and 14 days ahead. For all lead times, the WMLR-db10 model was found to be superior as compared to WANN-db1, WANN-db2, WANN-db3, WANN-db8, WMLR-db1, WMLR-db2, WMLR-db3, WMLR-db8 and single MLR and ANN models. During testing period, the values of determination coefficient (R2) and RMSE for WMLR-db10 model for two-, four-, seven- and 14-day lead time were found to be, respectively, 0.996 (751.87 m3·s–1), 0.991 (1,174.80 m3·s–1), 0.984 (1,585.02 m3·s–1), and 0.968 (2,196.46 m3·s–1). Also, it was observed that for lower order wavelets (db1, db2, db3) WANN’s performance was better, and for higher order wavelets (db8, db10) WMLR’s performance was better. Correspondingly, it was observed that all hybrid models’ efficiency increased with increase in the decomposition level.
Sachin Dadu KhandekarDinesh Shrikrishna AswarPandurang Digamber SabaleVarsha Sachin KhandekarMohankumar Namdeorao BajadShivakumar KhapleWarsaw University of Life Sciencesarticlewavelet transformartificial neural networkmultiple linear regressionstreamflowDaubechies wavelettime seriesEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENPrzegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:c5b879d1f8024c1aad8210afe0d8b7922024-03-29T10:33:36ZTENDOkNoZW1pY2FsIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~Computational design of single-atom catalysts embedded on reduced graphitic carbon nitride monolayers10.1088/2632-959X/ad34a62632-959Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c5b879d1f8024c1aad8210afe0d8b7922024-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ad34a6https://doaj.org/toc/2632-959XThe design of efficient single-atom catalysts (SACs) with optimal activity and selectivity for sustainable energy and environmental applications remains a challenge. In this work, comprehensive first-principles calculations are performed to validate the feasibility of single TM atoms ( 3d , 4d , and 5d series) embedded in two different conformations of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C _3 N _4 ) monolayers. Additionally, we investigate the effect of nitrogen vacancies in the g-C _3 N _4 monolayers on the absorption of SACs considering three potential absorption scenarios that correspond to different experimental conditions. Our results point to the most stable configurations with the lowest formation energies and indicate that the absorption of single TM atoms on-vacancy and on-center sites are more favorable than via-substitution. In addition to the thermodynamic stability, electrochemical stability is also investigated through the calculation of the dissolution potential of the SACs. Within the scenarios considered in this study, we find that Pt, Pd, Rh, Au, Ru, Ir, Cu, Co, Fe, and Ni will produce the most robust SACs on both (edge and bridge) N vacancy site of reduced g-C _3 N _4 . Our findings provide guidance for the design and development of g-C _3 N _4 sheets decorated with single TM atoms for technological applications such as pollutant degradation, CO _2 reduction, N _2 fixation, selective oxidation, water splitting, and metal ion-based batteries.Mukesh JakharYi DingBradley D FahlmanVeronica BaroneIOP Publishingarticlesingle-atom catalystsdensity functional theory (DFT)graphitic carbon nitride monolayerstransition metal (TM)Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENNano Express, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 015028 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:c5b262609d534b7aa5e53eeb0e2e09dd2024-03-29T10:33:34ZTENDOkNoZW1pY2FsIHRlY2hub2xvZ3k~Recent progress in photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications of coupled colloidal quantum dot solids: insights into charge transport fundamentals10.1088/2632-959X/ad2b7e2632-959Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c5b262609d534b7aa5e53eeb0e2e09dd2024-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1088/2632-959X/ad2b7ehttps://doaj.org/toc/2632-959XColloidal quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as transformative materials with diverse properties, holding tremendous promise for reshaping the landscape of photovoltaics and thermoelectrics. Emphasizing the pivotal role of surface ligands, ranging from extended hydrocarbon chains to intricate metal chalcogenide complexes, halides, and hybrid ligands, we underscore their influence on the electronic behavior of the assembly. The ability to tailor interdot coupling can have profound effects on charge transport, making colloidal QDs a focal point for research aimed at enhancing the efficiency and performance of energy conversion devices. This perspective provides insights into the multifaceted realm of QD solids, starting from fundamentals of charge transport through the coupled assemblies. We delve into recent breakthroughs, spotlighting champion devices across various architectures and elucidating the sequential advancements that have significantly elevated efficiency levels.Aditi MannaNirat RayIOP Publishingarticlecolloidal quantum dotscharge transportligand engineeringsolar cellsthermoelectricsChemical technologyTP1-1185ENNano Express, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 012005 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:bd54491638544d41aef1eabf5564f9432024-03-29T10:30:52ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOk1ldGVvcm9sb2d5LiBDbGltYXRvbG9neQ~~Air pollutant emissions and sources in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a provincial scale analysis for years 2013-201910.1088/2515-7620/ad359b2515-7620https://doaj.org/article/bd54491638544d41aef1eabf5564f9432024-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad359bhttps://doaj.org/toc/2515-7620Recent rapid economic development in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) has increased national fuel consumption, vehicle fleet, industrial output, waste generation, and agricultural production. This has contributed to national average ambient fine particulate matter (PM _2.5 ) air pollutant levels that are four times higher than World Health Organisation guidelines. Emission inventories are a key tool in understanding the major sources to these air pollution levels, and provide a starting point to identify where mitigation action can be targeted. A national air pollutant emission inventory has not been developed in Lao PDR and, combined with a limited air quality monitoring network means there is limited capacity to develop and track the effectiveness of mitigation actions. This study describes the first air pollutant emission inventory at the national and provincial scale for Lao PDR, covering 2013–2019. Emissions of nine air pollutants, and two greenhouse gases, were quantified using national statistics and international default emission factors. In 2019, national total PM _2.5 , Nitrogen Oxides (NO _x ), Black Carbon (BC), Sulphur Dioxide (SO _2 ), Non-Methane Volatile Organic Carbons (NMVOCs), and Ammonia (NH _3 ) were 125, 83, 9.7, 26, 219, and 99 thousand tonnes respectively. Key source sectors include forest fires, residential cooking, agriculture, electricity generation, and transport. However, the contribution of different sources varies across provinces. Forest fires are the primary source determining the spatial trend of particulate air pollution while residential and agricultural emissions contribute more significantly to rural provinces such as Savannakhet. Key sectors in major urban provinces (Vientiane Capital and Xayaboury) are industry, transport and electricity generation. These sectors are also significant sources of greenhouse gases (CO _2 and CH _4 ), demonstrating the potential for identification, evaluation and prioritisation of actions that simultaneously improve air quality and achieve Lao PDR’s international climate change commitments.Connie O’NeillJessica SlaterVanphanom SychareunViengnakhone VongxayBounmany SoulidethChristopher S MalleyDiane ArcherJohan C I KuylenstiernaIOP PublishingarticleLao People’s Democratic Republicair pollutionemission inventorygreenhouse gasesEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350Meteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENEnvironmental Research Communications, Vol 6, Iss 3, p 035028 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b4c02bdb200949a08ed325b119d5ccfd2024-03-29T10:27:06ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Copyright, Fair Use, and Creative Commons10.17161/jcel.v3i3.81932473-8336https://doaj.org/article/b4c02bdb200949a08ed325b119d5ccfd2020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/8193https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336This article describes an active-learning exercise intended to help teach copyright, fair use, and Creative Commons licenses. In the exercise students use a worksheet to draw original pictures, create derivative pictures on tracing paper, select Creative Commons licenses, and explore commercial usage, fair use, and copyright infringement. Librarian-instructors may find the completed worksheets to be useful aids to supplement copyright lectures; student perspectives will be integral because they are generating the examples used in discussion. Although a scholarly communication librarian developed this exercise to help introduce some basic copyright information to an undergraduate studio art and design class, the exercise can be performed in a general educational setting.Arthur Jason BostonUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2020)oai:doaj.org/article:8030bb16a9ee45ff83fbb09bf4eeab222024-03-29T10:26:55ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~The Rights Statement Selection Tool10.17161/jcel.v4i1.132282473-8336https://doaj.org/article/8030bb16a9ee45ff83fbb09bf4eeab222020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/13228https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336Through the standardized rights statements it provides, RightsStatements.org allows institutions to clearly communicate the copyright status of digitized cultural heritage works, promoting their reuse. However, it can be tricky for institutions to determine correct statement usage through the site without additional context. The Rights Statement Selection Tool [bit.ly/RSSTOOL] is an interactive infographic that serves to visually explain the statement selection workflow, allowing a copyright novice to identify the correct statement through decision tree alone. This legal tool lets cultural heritage institutions assign rights statement review work to non-experts, potentially increasing the number of items that can be evaluated. It’s meant to be integrated into cataloging workflows: clickable links lead to each statement’s URI page, and it can be viewed in a browser alongside the RightsStatements.org site. The Tool serves as a complete visual reference to the statements: each is covered and explained. It aggregates relevant resources and serves as a structural bridge between related copyright status determination charts and Creative Commons charts. Donation agreements–often a source of confusion for rights statements reviewers–are covered as well. The Tool is, by design, as agnostic to national law as possible. The US-centered copyright status determination charts that feed into it (such as the Hirtle and Sunstein charts) could easily be swapped for resources reflecting other countries’ national law; the RightsStatements.org logic that it covers would remain unchanged, and so would the chart. As the RightsStatements.org standard goes global, this tool can be translated, adapted, and re-used beyond the US.Gabriel GalsonBrandy KarlUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2020)oai:doaj.org/article:47362076b0a543a8bdcce2e5a6c905232024-03-29T10:26:38ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Book Review: Copyright Conversations: Rights Literacy in a Digital World10.17161/jcel.v3i3.132842473-8336https://doaj.org/article/47362076b0a543a8bdcce2e5a6c905232020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/13284https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336The topic of copyright is rarely far from a librarian's mind. Practitioners must navigate creator and user rights within the constraints of complex license and contract agreements in digital environments. Librarians have to understand, explain, educate, and apply copyright law on a regular basis, often without formal training. Copyright Conversations: Rights Literacy in a Digital World is a notable work that endeavors to summarize, explain, and comment on many of the complicated copyright-related topics that librarians encounter in the digital realm.Amie Dillard FreemanUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2020)oai:doaj.org/article:25e2a9feb7e3474d99aab863971502b42024-03-29T10:26:28ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Teaching Copyright Law through Participatory Involvement in an Unconference Setting10.17161/jcel.v4i1.132832473-8336https://doaj.org/article/25e2a9feb7e3474d99aab863971502b42020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/13283https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336An “unconference” is an attempt by librarians and other professionals to work outside of the traditional conference model. Presenters are encouraged to break out of traditional modes of presentation and try new methods of engaging with the participants. We submitted an idea for a session focused on demystifying domestic and international copyright law and discussing how the law affects libraries and archives. Modern librarianship demands at least a basic understanding of copyright and intellectual property issues, and librarians have reported that they lack training and knowledge in this area. We determined that we did not want to present a formal lecture on copyright in libraries, especially given the freedom and intellectual experimentation encouraged by an unconference setting. Instead, we determined that the best way to present copyright principles would be to share examples of real-life scenarios with the participants and assist them in applying the principles of copyright law to those situations. We hoped that participants would build confidence in their ability to respond when copyright issues arose at the workplace. This paper outlines the approach we took to prepare and present this unconventional session, and it includes an assessment of the results.Amanda McCormickStephanie A. AdamsHope DunbarSarah Mclean-PlunkettUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2020)oai:doaj.org/article:e23d6f08b3e34bd98c0785b0b34d30942024-03-29T10:25:38ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Academic Special Collections and the Myths of Copyright10.17161/jcel.v3i3.78872473-8336https://doaj.org/article/e23d6f08b3e34bd98c0785b0b34d30942019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/7887https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336This study compares the copyright and use policy statements posted on the websites of the special collections of Association of Research Libraries member libraries. In spring 2018, 99 academic special collections websites were viewed, and data was collected based on the following: 1) presence and content of a general copyright statement; 2) mention of copyright owners besides the special collections; 3) presence and accuracy of statements regarding fair use and public domain; 4) policies for patron-made copies; 5) whether the special collections required its permission and/or the copyright owner’s permission to publish; 6) whether any use or license fees were charged and how clearly fees were presented. Authors analyzed whether these policies reflect copyright law or went beyond it, unnecessarily restricting the use of materials or imposing fees where rights are in question. A majority of the sites included general copyright statements, mentioned other copyright owners, and mentioned fair use, but only a minority mentioned the public domain. Just more than half restricted how patrons could use patron-made copies. About half required the special collections’ permission to publish a copy, and a fifth said any third-party owner’s permission was also required for publication.Teresa Auch SchultzDana MillerUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2019)oai:doaj.org/article:bc6f387a1e4c49ccb5b009d2c963f9152024-03-29T10:25:30ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Integrating Copyright in the Curriculum: A Study of LIS Courses of Central Universities of India10.17161/jcel.v3i2.67412473-8336https://doaj.org/article/bc6f387a1e4c49ccb5b009d2c963f9152019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/6741https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336This research aims to study the library and information science (LIS) curriculum presently followed in the central universities of India to identify the ways in which it incorporates copyright information. The central universities offering LIS programs were identified and the curricula and syllabi of these LIS programs were downloaded from the universities’ official websites. A detailed content analysis of the curricula and syllabi shows that there is no uniformity in the names of the courses taught and the course content in LIS programs of different universities. However, copyright has been included in the curriculum as part of a course in most of the universities. Based on the analysis suggestions have been made for the inclusion of copyright concepts in the curricula of LIS programs.Neelam ThapaUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 2 (2019)oai:doaj.org/article:acdbb4e6949140e18042c8d51be6a76c2024-03-29T10:25:20ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Cracking the Copyright Dilemma in Software Preservation10.17161/jcel.v3i3.102672473-8336https://doaj.org/article/acdbb4e6949140e18042c8d51be6a76c2019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/10267https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336Copyright problems may inhibit the crucially important work of preserving legacy software. Such software is worthy of study in its own right because it is critical to accessing digital culture and expression. Preservation work is essential for communicating across boundaries of the past and present in a digital era. Software preservationists in the United States have addressed their copyright problems by developing a code of best practices in employing fair use. Their work is an example of how collective action by users of law changes the norms and beliefs about law, which can in turn change the law itself insofar as the law takes account of community norms and practices. The work of creating the code involved facilitators who are communication, information sciences, and legal scholars and practitioners. Thus, the creation of the code is also an example of crossing the boundaries between technology and policy research.Brandon ButlerPatricia AufderheidePeter JasziKrista CoxUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2019)oai:doaj.org/article:a4a5c8a8db704cfcb75851878f3b93022024-03-29T10:25:06ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Checking Rights10.17161/jcel.v3i3.82482473-8336https://doaj.org/article/a4a5c8a8db704cfcb75851878f3b93022019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/8248https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336Institutional repository (IR) managers often find themselves providing copyright guidance to faculty who wish to self-archive their published scholarship or to students depositing theses and dissertations. As IR managers may not be copyright experts themselves, making determinations and checking rights can be difficult and time-consuming. This article is intended as a practical guide to describe common types of material that can be placed in an IR as well as potential copyright issues and other considerations for each type. Material types covered include book chapters, journal articles, conference proceedings, student papers, electronic theses and dissertations, research data sets, historical and archival materials, and oral histories. Underlying issues such as copyright ownership, work made for hire, and the legal definition of publication are also discussed. For easier reference, the appendix contains a chart with brief descriptions of issues and resources.Stewart BakerSue KundaUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2019)oai:doaj.org/article:5d5223b1f3c84880aa17b915062df3492024-03-29T10:24:44ZTENDOkxhdw~~TENDOkxhdyBpbiBnZW5lcmFsLiBDb21wYXJhdGl2ZSBhbmQgdW5pZm9ybSBsYXcuIEp1cmlzcHJ1ZGVuY2U~TENDOkJpYmxpb2dyYXBoeS4gTGlicmFyeSBzY2llbmNlLiBJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiByZXNvdXJjZXM~Digital Cultural Heritage and Wikimedia Commons Licenses:10.17161/jcel.v3i3.97712473-8336https://doaj.org/article/5d5223b1f3c84880aa17b915062df3492019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jcel-pub.org/article/view/9771https://doaj.org/toc/2473-8336Cultural heritage institutions can contribute to public knowledge and increase awareness of their collections by uploading digital objects to Wikimedia Commons for use on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation projects. However, prior research has established the difficulty of and/or hesitation by many cultural heritage institutions in clearly and accurately labeling the copyright status of their born-digital and digitized collections. With this knowledge, how likely is it that digital cultural heritage will be findable and usable on Wikimedia Commons? This study seeks to determine how accurate rights statements for cultural heritage objects on Wikimedia Commons are, and whether inaccuracies can be linked to problematic rights statements in cultural heritage digital libraries or whether the inaccuracies stem from Wikimedia Commons. By evaluating the rights statements, licenses, and sources for 308 Wikimedia Commons objects from 57 cultural heritage organizations and comparing that information to corresponding licenses from digital libraries, we can begin to develop best practices and educational needs for digital librarians, archives, museum curators, and Wikipedians alike to improve the user experience for those using digital cultural heritage on Wikimedia projects.Elizabeth Joan KellyUniversity of Kansas LibrariesarticleLawKLaw in general. Comparative and uniform law. JurisprudenceK1-7720Bibliography. Library science. Information resourcesZENJournal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2019)oai:doaj.org/article:f7115c1c879c4176a839521d85887b292024-03-29T10:22:22ZTENDOk1pbGl0YXJ5IFNjaWVuY2U~Sub-6GHz hand pump shaped microstrip antenna for 5G communication10.37868/dss.v5.id2042744-1741https://doaj.org/article/f7115c1c879c4176a839521d85887b292024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.ardascience.com/index.php/dss/article/view/204https://doaj.org/toc/2744-1741
The purpose of this paper is to explore the presented design of a hand-pump shaped microstrip antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communication. This paper will first provide a brief overview of the antenna design and its capabilities. Meaning, overall impressive dimensions of 25.25 mm x 20.75 mm x 1.55 mm, with S11 being -16.82 dB at operating frequency of 5.16 GHz. Next, the paper will discuss the design of the antenna and how it can be optimized with a sub-6 GHz operating frequency, along with requirements. To reach the required specifications, inc. E- ≥ 5 GHz ≥ E-φ; S11 ≤-10, various geometrical parameters, among others, have been tested, resulting in two slots being added (slot a and slot b), in combination with various slits. Finally, an antenna is produced, and laboratory measurements are carried out for the validation of the results. Further discussing the potential benefits and drawbacks of using this antenna design for 5G applications.
Adnan AhmetovićŞehabeddin Taha ImeciBilal TütüncüResearch and Development AcademyarticleMilitary ScienceUENDefense and Security Studies, Vol 5 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:25fb6f1d2bcb41b7a7588f8a57620eb52024-03-29T10:22:22ZTENDOk1pbGl0YXJ5IFNjaWVuY2U~Insider threat mitigation through human intelligence and counterintelligence: A case study in the shipping industry10.37868/dss.v5.id2612744-1741https://doaj.org/article/25fb6f1d2bcb41b7a7588f8a57620eb52024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.ardascience.com/index.php/dss/article/view/261https://doaj.org/toc/2744-1741
This paper comprehensively examines the multifaceted motivations behind insider threats within organizations, elucidating driving forces such as financial gain, revenge, personal aspirations, ideological beliefs, coercion, and negligence. Understanding this spectrum is fundamental for crafting effective Counterintelligence strategies. The study delves into behavioral indicators crucial for identifying potential threats, emphasizing the significance of recognizing warning signs like unusual data access, unsanctioned software usage, escalated privilege requests, poor performance, disagreement with policies, and more.
Furthermore, the role of Human Intelligence (HUMINT) in Counterintelligence (CI) and insider threat detection is explored, highlighting its qualitative contribution to understanding human behavior. Plus, through a hypothetical case study in the Shipping industry, the paper illustrates the direct application of HUMINT principles in fortifying security against insider threats, considering the unique challenges of this dynamic sector. The case study strategically employs employee interviews, psychological assessments, social network analysis, and trust-building initiatives to proactively identify and mitigate potential threats, in an industry reliant on seamless global supply chain operations.
Anastasios-Nikolaos KanellopoulosResearch and Development AcademyarticleMilitary ScienceUENDefense and Security Studies, Vol 5 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:bf36c71b1191483fb916fd2aa9f47dbb2024-03-29T10:19:49ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lEXTERNAL VENTRICULAR DRAINAGE FOR MALIGNANT ISCHEMIC STROKE: A CASE REPORT10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-144-1512074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/bf36c71b1191483fb916fd2aa9f47dbb2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-144-151https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Malignant ischemic stroke (MIS) in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most severe form of supratentorial ischemia. Its conservative therapy is accompanied by a high mortality rate, which may reach 80%. A more effective method of treatment is decompressive hemicraniectomy (DH). However, its implementation is limited by strict indications and several contraindications. In connection with the above, an urgent task is to find an effective method of treating this category of patients. The paper presents a clinical case of successful external ventricular drainage (EVD) in a patient with ischemia affecting the total left MCA territory.S.M. SEHWEILAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticleexternal ventricular drainagemalignant ischemic strokemiddle cerebral arterycerebral edemaclinical case.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 144-151 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:114ebf8389db4fc69c9d9af28b6f0caf2024-03-29T10:19:08ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpFilosofía y liberación en el Puerto Rico actual2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/114ebf8389db4fc69c9d9af28b6f0caf2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/440https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Martín MitidieriRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:f6d94d7197f149ddb83126736eed41bd2024-03-29T10:19:07ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpLa constitución de un “nosotros” desde las críticas al humanismo moderno2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/f6d94d7197f149ddb83126736eed41bd2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/465https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910
La modernidad europea postula al individuo como figura antropológica originaria, base de la dimensión social. En ese contexto donde el “yo” es el punto de partida indefectible, la constitución de un “nosotros” se presenta como un problema específicamente moderno que encuentra al humanismo como respuesta principal. Pero ese humanismo que alcanzó a funcionar durante varios siglos parece hoy haber entrado en crisis a partir de cuestionamientos que lo acusan de operar como la universalización hipostasiada de un conjunto de particularidades. El presente artículo se propone recuperar algunas de las críticas dirigidas hacia el humanismo moderno y sus implicancias en torno a la constitución de un “nosotros” en tanto problema filosófico. Para ello se consideran los aportes de Michel Foucault, autor en el que se referencian varias tendencias posthumanistas. Se analizan los supuestos e implicancias de la “ontología crítica de nosotros mismos” que Foucault propone desde su lectura de Kant buscando poner en cuestión aquellas perspectivas que derivan de la “muerte del hombre” una negación, impugnación o abandono de lo universal. Por último, se exploran las posibilidades de comprender a la noción de un “nosotros actual” como modalidad que aspira a desmarcarse de los límites del humanismo moderno.
Sebastián BotticelliRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:14d0a28c09674561843b72994d82f1662024-03-29T10:19:07ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpAcerca de disputas conceptuales en la estela de la Begriffsgeschichte de Reinhard Koselleck2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/14d0a28c09674561843b72994d82f1662023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/443https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Lucas ScarfiaRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:9809d234a5bf45eca3519a4287cc19ec2024-03-29T10:19:06ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpEditorial2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/9809d234a5bf45eca3519a4287cc19ec2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/474https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Grupo EditorRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:564ab5f977c34051b93b2a51226fa0882024-03-29T10:19:05ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpEl ejercicio filosófico como defensa de la democracia2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/564ab5f977c34051b93b2a51226fa0882023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/476https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Dolores MarcosCintia CaramRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:119082c5ea694eec84d671d38d50afb32024-03-29T10:19:05ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpLo que pervive y lo que persiste, 40 años después2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/119082c5ea694eec84d671d38d50afb32023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/475https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Anabella SchoenleIván PazRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:c1ac56d5ab47461684f93ca30988f9af2024-03-29T10:19:04ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpNuestros años ochentas2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/c1ac56d5ab47461684f93ca30988f9af2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/477https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Martina GarategarayAriana ReanoRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:b85c2462250f4976abb47e38511194722024-03-29T10:19:03ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpFilosofía y democracia, un vínculo aún limitado2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/b85c2462250f4976abb47e38511194722023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/479https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Natalia BusteloRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:3575e344f6a242e98d8e0835b1f5d2c12024-03-29T10:19:03ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpDesdemocratización y conservadurismo radical en la Argentina contemporánea2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/3575e344f6a242e98d8e0835b1f5d2c12023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/478https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Mariana BerdondiniLucía VinuesaRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:fa77d99e2998446f9dc244117ce32d492024-03-29T10:19:02ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpDemocracia a 40 años2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/fa77d99e2998446f9dc244117ce32d492023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/481https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Alejandro AuatRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:282205c9ec674687b1dfd99a8c9e16782024-03-29T10:19:02ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpLa democracia, esa supertición2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/282205c9ec674687b1dfd99a8c9e16782023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/480https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Maximiliano RománRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:93a529ed47154c359adfbc4dc77405552024-03-29T10:19:01ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpDemocracia y filosofía como forma de vida2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/93a529ed47154c359adfbc4dc77405552023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/482https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Roque FarránRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:cf5e467da9ac4569b71e43f8d9afc8942024-03-29T10:19:00ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpEcuación y tensiones2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/cf5e467da9ac4569b71e43f8d9afc8942023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/485https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910
El artículo propone una reflexión filosófica en torno a la idea de Estado considerando su enraizamiento problemático en las luchas políticas e ideológicas latinoamericanas desplegadas desde comienzos del presente siglo. Para ello, proporcionamos una lectura exegética de un texto crucial para pensar la articulación entre idea estatal y práctica política: “El Estado en América Latina” de René Zavaleta Mercado. Luego indagamos algunos de sus consecuencias teóricas a partir de ciertos ensayos de Álvaro García Linera. Finalmente, desarrollamos una hipótesis de lectura alrededor de los umbrales conceptuales de las nociones societales para abordar el Estado y rastreamos, por último, posibles reconfiguraciones filosófico-políticas sobre la estatalidad.
Leonardo EiffRAGIF EdicionesarticleEstadoRevoluciónMediaciónArticulaciónPhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:813ff7f47adc4fb99cb1ff2a790c0b7a2024-03-29T10:19:00ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpAlthusser y Spinoza2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/813ff7f47adc4fb99cb1ff2a790c0b7a2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/484https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910
En este artículo propongo un conjunto de indicaciones propedéuticas para el desarrollo de una investigación acerca de los orígenes del spinozismo de Louis Althusser. En primer lugar, presentaré en qué se reconoce el spinozismo de Althusser. En segundo lugar, propondré considerar su spinozismo como una pasión teórica. En tercer lugar, propondré una perspectiva genealógica para el estudio del surgimiento de esa pasión. Como coralario de esta perspectiva, y para concluir, sugeriré que el spinozismo de Althusser debe ser reconocido como un suplemento que, a la par de sus funciones de adición o de sustitución, produce una complicación de su pensamiento.
Esteban DominguezRAGIF EdicionesarticleSpinozismoPasión teóricaGenealogíaSuplementoPhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:31b5449d9e2144b39dac1166fc722ae32024-03-29T10:18:59ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpLibertad, autenticidad y reflexión: la presencia de Kant en la Segunda Parte de O lo uno o lo otro2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/31b5449d9e2144b39dac1166fc722ae32023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/486https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910
Nuestro artículo discute la tesis principal de la primera parte de Las éticas de Kierkegaard (2022). La investigación de Yésica Rodríguez se ocupa de la relación de Kierkegaard con la filosofía moral de Kant, un tema que no ha recibido la suficiente atención en los estudios kierkegaardeanos en español. Yésica Rodríguez sostiene que el juez Guillermo, pseudónimo de Kierkegaard, recurre a Kant para construir su propia versión existencialista de la ética de la autonomía. Según nuestra lectura, la visión de la vida del juez Guillermo rechaza conscientemente el rigorismo moral de Kant y se concibe como un correctivo a la ética formal kantiana. El juez Guillermo elabora una ética de la autenticidad que procura superar la oposición entre el deber y las inclinaciones.
Pablo Uriel RodríguezRAGIF EdicionesarticleKierkegaardKantlibertadéticayoPhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:0a73192189c946ccb9ea7c6a89ec9f632024-03-29T10:18:59ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpDe la verdad incómoda a la verdad suficiente2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/0a73192189c946ccb9ea7c6a89ec9f632023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/488https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910
El Antropoceno –la nueva época geológica en la que los procesos ecológicos del planeta vienen siendo gravemente impactados por las actividades industriales– nos sitúa en una contradicción a primera vista irresoluble con respecto a la relación entre verdad, ciencia y política. Por un lado, existe la imperiosa necesidad de reconocer como legítimas las “verdades de los otros”, es decir, las diversas formas en que los pueblos no occidentales expresan su pertenencia al mundo, incluyendo sus propias formas, no “científicas”, de percibir la actual desincronización de los ciclos de la Tierra. Por otra parte, no debemos aceptar la verdad que ciertos otros reivindican: me refiero a los negacionistas del clima, que, a pesar de la evidencia del carácter antropogénico del cambio climático, niegan vehementemente el problema, confundiendo a la opinión pública y obstruyendo la acción política que ayudaría a frenar sus efectos. Entonces, ¿qué hacer con esta aparente incoherencia que nos hace, por un lado, afirmar la “verdad de lo relativo” y, por otro, recusar las relativizaciones de la “verdad incómoda” del cambio climático? ¿Es posible establecer un concepto de verdad que permita conciliar estos dos imperativos cosmopolíticos cruciales de nuestro tiempo? Este artículo busca inspiración en el pragmatismo de William James para proponer un relativismo consecuente capaz de dar cabida a lo que propongo llamar “verdad suficiente”.
Alyne CostaRAGIF EdicionesarticleAntropocenoverdadnegacionismocosmopolíticaPhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:5fb72c69f9b14b74b7a96cd8afb3cd4e2024-03-29T10:18:58ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpEl espíritu de Fichte en nuestro continente2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/5fb72c69f9b14b74b7a96cd8afb3cd4e2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/489https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Javier PascuaRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:4b05cd17ac8e441e90a328b37e2ab7fa2024-03-29T10:18:57ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpLas vetas de la filosofía existencial de Carlos Astrada2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/4b05cd17ac8e441e90a328b37e2ab7fa2023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/491https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Mariano GaudioRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:176e55ad4962433abbf890a15fc19cc42024-03-29T10:18:57ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpInstantáneas para una filosofía patagónica2451-6910https://doaj.org/article/176e55ad4962433abbf890a15fc19cc42023-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/490https://doaj.org/toc/2451-6910Rafael Mc NamaraRAGIF EdicionesarticlePhilosophy (General)B1-5802ESPTIdeas, Iss 18 (2023)oai:doaj.org/article:e948397634884a8e9ed62ccd3b30a9d12024-03-29T10:17:45ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lPACEMAKER IMPLANTATION IN A PATIENT WITH UPPER LIMB VENOUS OBSTRUCTION: A CASE REPORT10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-152-1602074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/e948397634884a8e9ed62ccd3b30a9d12024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-152-160https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Today, permanent cardiac pacing is the most effective way to correct bradyarrhythmia. Most pacemaker leads are implanted through the veins of the upper extremities. Common vein access involves either a cephalic vein cutdown or a puncture of the subclavian or axillary veins. Implantation of leads may become technically difficult or unfeasible if there is an anomaly in the structure of the veins or, more often, occlusion/stenosis of the veins of the upper extremities after thrombosis. The article presents It is illustrated with the case of a 75-year-old patient with indications for pacemaker implantation presented by the article. The first implantation attempt was unsuccessful: extensive occlusion of the left subclavian vein (SCV) and stenosis of the right SCV were detected. The venous obstruction was asymptomatic. The patient underwent venography and was diagnosed with up to 90% luminal narrowing of the right SCV. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the right SCV was performed; the residual stenosis was 50%. Subsequently, a dual-chamber pacemaker was successfully implanted into the patient; the postoperative period was uneventful. The vein obstruction could be related to a history of malignant neoplasm of the uterus. A brief literature review of various types of vascular access for pacemaker implantation and alternative implantation options complements the case report.V.O. POVAROVR.E. KALININN.D. MZHAVANADZEI.A. SUCHKOVAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticlepacemakervenous thromboembolic complicationsdeep vein thrombosisdeep vein stenosisangioplasty.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 152-160 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cfa7e7df836145dd916d36d22370c6ca2024-03-29T10:17:17ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lAsociación del riesgo a desarrollar diabetes mellitus tipo 2 según la calculadora de la asociación americana de diabetes (ADA) y los hábitos tóxicos no ilícitos en pacientes que residen en una comunidad rural de Peravia, República Dominicana10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.27502613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/cfa7e7df836145dd916d36d22370c6ca2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2750https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) se define como un trastorno metabólico caracterizado por niveles de glucosa en sangre crónicamente elevados. La DM2 representa el paradigma de las enfermedades crónicas en las que existe una estrecha asociación entre factores familiares y ambientales. Por este motivo, este estudio tiene como finalidad determinar la asociación del riesgo a desarrollar DM2 y los hábitos tóxicos no ilícitos en pacientes que residen en una comunidad rural de Peravia, República Dominicana. Tales incluyen: alcohol, café y té.
Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal, analítico y prospectivo. Se aplicó cuestionario, recolectaron datos antropométricos y se determinó glucosa capilar a la muestra (n=304).
Resultados: la prevalencia a presentar un alto riesgo a desarrollar DM2 en la población es de 35.5%, mientras que la prevalencia a presentar riesgo bajo es de 64.5%. En cuanto a hábitos tóxicos, no existió correlación positiva entre consumo de té y desarrollo de DM2. Sin embargo, sí entre el consumo de café y alcohol.
Conclusiones: los habitantes de salinas presentan un bajo riesgo a desarrollar DM2, pero utilizan factores de riesgos modificables que aumentan la prevalencia a DM2.
Gabriela CastilloCristina GilÁlex JiménezDaniel BisonoJosé AbreuInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleDiabetes mellitusfactores de riesgoantropometríaglucemiamedicina preventivaMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:61f671da4ef84a36a39b1149f197981d2024-03-29T10:17:17ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lAlternativa terapéutica para mejorar la calidad de vida en pacientes con fibrosis quística y discinesia ciliar primaria10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.26412613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/61f671da4ef84a36a39b1149f197981d2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2641https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta clínica de los pacientes con fibrosis quística y discinesia ciliar primaria posterior a la cirugía endoscópica de senos paranasales en el Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral en el período septiembre 2021 a febrero 2022.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional tipo serie de casos, de corte transversal y ambispectivo, donde la población estudiada estuvo conformada por los pacientes con fibrosis quística y discinesia ciliar primaria del hospital infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral en el período de estudio.
Criterios de inclusión: Pacientes mayores de 6 años con diagnóstico confirmado de fibrosis quística y discinesia ciliar primaria (Prueba genética con 2 mutaciones homocigotas, electrolitos en sudor positivos), síntomas respiratorios severos de RSC que no mejoraron con tratamiento convencional y sometidos a la cirugía endoscópica de senos paranasales.
Resultados: De un total de 41 pacientes, sólo 10 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, el rango de edad más prevalente fue de 14 a 18 años. Tanto los pacientes con FQ como los de DCP disminuyeron la frecuencia de los síntomas de RSC. Posterior a la CEN hubo cambios discretos en la función pulmonar, y sólo los pacientes con enfermedad grave a moderada aumentaron el % de FEV1. La mayoría de los pacientes no ameritaron ingresos posterior a la cirugía. El germen más común encontrado en los cultivos nasofaríngeo y esputo en los pacientes preoperatorios fue la Pseudomonas aeruginosa en el 86%, luego de la CEN hubo un aumento significativo de la colonización por MRSA tanto en los pacientes con FQ como en los de DCP. Más del 50% de los pacientes postquirúrgicos mejoraron su calidad de vida, por lo que la cirugía endoscópica de senos paranasales es efectiva en dicha población en el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica.
Leandra Cordero OñateLaura Estela BaezInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleFibrosis quísticadiscinesia ciliar primariacirugía endoscópica funcional de senos paranasalesrinosinusitis crónicacalidad de vidaMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:27f004c1898649c996b1723461c720342024-03-29T10:17:17ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lSalud mental en cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos con enfermedades crónicas en República Dominicana10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.27112613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/27f004c1898649c996b1723461c720342024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2711https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: La enfermedad crónica infantil se refiere a condiciones en pacientes pediátricos que generalmente son de duración prolongada, no se resuelven por sí solas, y están asociadas con deficiencia o discapacidad. Esta condición usualmente afecta las actividades normales del niño y requiere hospitalizaciones frecuentes, atención médica domiciliaria y/o atención médica extensa, lo que suele afectar además de quien lo padece a sus cuidadores, quienes con frecuencia presentan características asociadas a estrés y agotamiento llegando a provocar enfermedades físicas y mentales como parte del “síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador”.
Metodología: Se realizó una encuesta a cuidadores de pacientes pediátricos del Hospital Pediátrico Doctor Hugo Mendoza, el instrumento de recolección incluye 9 ítems que evalúa la presencia y gravedad de síntomas depresivos en las últimas 2 semanas previas a la entrevista, y los datos fueron analizados en el Programa estadístico SPSS. El estudio contó con la aprobación del comité de ética institucional del Hospital y los participantes otorgaron su consentimiento voluntario explícito antes de la recopilación de datos.
Resultados: Al aplicar la clasificación de la escala del BAI, se evidencia que, del total de cuidadores encuestados, el 76.7% parecía sufrir de ansiedad muy baja, un 20.9% de ansiedad moderada y 2.3% de ansiedad severa. Se aplicó la la escala PHQ9, una escala que mide la presencia de síntomas depresivos y mostró que el 41.9 % presenta un nivel leve, 39.5% un nivel mínimo, 16.3% un nivel moderado y por último solo 2.3% un nivel moderado-grave de síntomas depresivos.
Discusión: En nuestro estudio hubo igual distribución de hombres y de mujeres.
Conclusión: El diagnóstico infantil no juega un papel determinante en la aparición de la ansiedad y la depresión.
Demian A Herrera MorbanYorlin SuarezJessica L Manzueta SterlingPerla Y Vásquez MaríaMassiel MendezElsa SantiagoCarla Eugenia González SánchezInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleCuidadorcarga del cuidadordepresiónansiedadcrónicoMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:fd86a55b46ce4e47ba220b97c2de68682024-03-29T10:17:16ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lDeterminantes del estado de vacunación infantil: abordando la brecha de equidad en República Dominicana-201910.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.28302613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/fd86a55b46ce4e47ba220b97c2de68682024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2830https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: Las desigualdades amenazan el progreso del país hacia la equidad y la cobertura de vacunación infantil. Siendo la cobertura inferior a la meta del 90% de la Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Objetivo: Identificar los determinantes sociales y las desigualdades en el estado de vacunación infantil en República Dominicana, 2019.
Métodos: Se realiza un análisis basado en la Encuesta de Indicadores Múltiples por Conglomerados. Incluyendo una muestra ponderada de 1674 niños de 12-23 meses. Se calcula la regresión logística multinomial para identificar factores asociados a la vacunación. Adoptando p<0,05 para significación estadística. Utilizando una razón de probabilidades ajustada con intervalo de confianza del 95%. Empleando HEAT 4.0 para medir desigualdades y SPSS.23 para gestión y análisis de datos.
Resultados: La edad media de los niños fue 17,4±3,5 meses. El 33% de ellos estaban completamente vacunados. La cobertura fue significativamente menor entre hijos de madre sin educación [AOR= 7,27; IC95%= 2,98–17,74]. La mayor cobertura se concentra en niños con altos niveles de educación y riqueza.
Conclusión: Para lograr una cobertura de vacunación completa y equitativa, las intervenciones de salud pública deben diseñarse para satisfacer las necesidades de grupos de alto riesgo.
Manuel Colomé-HidalgoDemian HerreraJosé Brea Del CastilloCecilia María Carrasco SánchezMariana F. Dauhajre PimentelAnamarija Jurcev SavicevicIssael RamírezInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleInmunizacióncobertura de vacunacióninfantesdeterminantes sociales de la saludpoblaciones vulnerablesMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:87b52661520542c68ac1b5878886ebf12024-03-29T10:17:16ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lTabla de la normalidad de las pruebas psicométricas para el diagnóstico de encefalopatía hepática subclínica en la población dominicana10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.27582613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/87b52661520542c68ac1b5878886ebf12024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2758https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: La encefalopatía hepática mínima (EHM), es una enfermedad definida por la existencia de varias alteraciones neurofisiológicas, indetectables a la exploración neurológica y el examen clínico. Dentro de las estrategias diagnosticas para la EHM se contemplan las pruebas psicométricas (PHE), pero para su aplicación es indispensable la estandarización previamente en la población de estudio.
Objetivo: El estudio se propuso determinar la tabla de la normalidad de las PHE para diagnosticar la encefalopatía hepática subclínica en una muestra de la población dominicana.
Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal en un hospital de referencia nacional. Se analizaron 134 personas clasificados por grupos de edades (18-70 años de edad) y años de escolaridad. Se diseñó una tabla de 5x5. Se estudió la influencia de la edad, sexo, uso de espejuelo y de los años de escolarización en el rendimiento de cada uno de las PHE, para lo cual se utilizaron las siguientes pruebas estadísticas: análisis de varianza (ANOVA), prueba t de Student y regresión lineal.
Resultado: La escolaridad y la edad fueron variables determinantes en el desempeño de las 5 pruebas psicométricas. Pero, la correlación univariable de la edad con el desempeño de la prueba TMS no hubo diferencias intra e inter grupos estadísticamente significativas (p>0.171).
Conclusión: se confecciono la fórmula de predicción de resultados de los test psicométricos. Ninguno sobrepasó el punto de corte de la puntuación que oscila entre los -4 y los +2 puntos.
Sterling FélizMatilde PegueroGabriela García SeguraLuis Pérez MéndezNorma Marlene PérezKenia TorresLucia BayonaInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleEncefalopatía hepáticaencefalopatía subclínicatest psicométricosdiagnósticos encefalopatíacirrosis hepáticapsicometríaMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:303cf62e64cd4e47bde59dbedc09c6652024-03-29T10:17:16ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lImpacto de las clases virtuales en la salud mental de la población pediátrica durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en septiembre-diciembre 202110.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.27652613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/303cf62e64cd4e47bde59dbedc09c6652024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/2765https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: El COVID-19 ha afectado la salud mental de la población pediátrica. Con la transición a la virtualidad, se han identificado posturas positivas y negativas. Debido a la diferencia de características sociodemográficas que posee la República Dominicana, es necesario describir el efecto de dichos cambios en la salud mental dentro de este contexto.
Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de las clases virtuales en la salud mental de los pacientes pediátricos.
Metodología: Se utilizó el cuestionario de capacidades y dificultades en los pacientes que asistieron a consulta general. Se asignó una puntuación con la escala de puntuación estandarizada y se analizaron los resultados en gráficos de frecuencia y pruebas de correlación de spearman.
Resultados: Existe una frecuencia del 10,4% (n=34) de alto riesgo de desarrollar algún trastorno psiquiátrico. Se observaron correlaciones débiles entre menor edad y trastorno de conducta, r(365) = -0,111, p = 0,034, y sexo masculino y cualquier trastorno pediátrico, r(365) = -0,131, p = 0,012. Hay una incidencia de 51,5% de síntomas físicos. Un 45.5% y un 30.2% identificó mejores e iguales calificaciones.
Conclusión: Es necesario investigar los efectos identificados agregando la evaluación de especialistas para mayor precisión de los hallazgos observados.
Missel Maria Jimenez CedanoPaola Alejandra Gomez GuzmanJenny Cepeda MarteZuleika MorilloInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleCOVID19salud mentalpediatríapsiquiatríaeducación primaria y secundariaMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:5d38f9955f2d4a76a9b71c5fca89bc112024-03-29T10:17:15ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lEDITORIAL. Medicamentos de Alto Costo10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.30592613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/5d38f9955f2d4a76a9b71c5fca89bc112024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/3059https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824Elbi MorlaInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2b0b640a96754f16b84f84468cb3ecb42024-03-29T10:17:15ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lPerfil clínico y electromiográfico de las distrofias musculares en República Domincana 10.22206/cysa.2024.v8i1.30572613-88162613-8824https://doaj.org/article/2b0b640a96754f16b84f84468cb3ecb42024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/3057https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8816https://doaj.org/toc/2613-8824
Introducción: Las distrofias musculares son trastornos miogénicos hereditarios caracterizados por una atrofia muscular progresiva y una debilidad de distribución y gravedad variable. La población de Republica Dominicana es fruto de una mezcla de etnias, haciéndola portadora de una herencia cromosómica y ADN diverso, siendo susceptibles a poder presentar cualquier desorden de carácter hereditario.
Material y métodos: Con una muestra de 17 pacientes obtenidos entre septiembre 2019- marzo 2020, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y transversal, en el cual se hizo una revisión de los expedientes de la clínica de miopatías en la consulta de neurología pediátrica del Hospital Infantil Doctor Robert Reid Cabral, para describir el perfil clínico de los pacientes con distrofia muscular y los hallazgos de electromiografía en los casos que la misma.
Resultados: se encontró que la distribución de la edad correspondió a 5-9 años en un 53%, siendo el sexo masculino, el más frecuente. En el 70.59% presentaron antecedentes familiares de distrofia muscular. Los principales motivos de consulta fueron cansancio y caídas frecuentes.
Conclusión: En los hallazgos de electromiografía, el porcentaje de pacientes que presentó esta prueba con alteraciones fue de 88.24% y sin alteraciones el 11.76%. Esto nos demuestra, la gran utilidad de dicho estudio en el diagnóstico de las distrofias musculares en países donde no se cuenta con estudio molecular, siendo una de las pruebas esenciales en el abordaje diagnóstico de los pacientes con sospecha clínica de dichas patologías.
Freddy De León RoaYaneris Cesarina Polanco MeloDemian HerreraAndreina Moreno ReyesInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)articleDistrofia muscularelectromiografíaprednisonaMedicine (General)R5-920Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ESCiencia y Salud, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:2da683f1f0434bf1825ec2252035a5272024-03-29T10:15:38ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbiAoR2VuZXJhbCk~TENDOkJpb2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpDevelopment of e-worksheet based on search, solve, create, and share (SSCS) Islamic context to improve science process skills on excretory system material2442-37502527-620410.22219/jpbi.v10i1.31560https://doaj.org/article/2da683f1f0434bf1825ec2252035a5272024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/jpbi/article/view/31560https://doaj.org/toc/2442-3750https://doaj.org/toc/2527-6204Electronic student worksheets (e-worksheet) are needed as alternative teaching materials in learning. This study aims to produce teaching materials in the form of e-worksheet based on Search Solve Create and Share (SSCS) Islamic context to improve science process skills on class XI excretory system material that is worthy of the results of validity, responses of students and biology teachers. This research was conducted at MAN 1 Bogor. The research model used is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), but in research only to the development stage (Develop). The e-worksheet teaching materials developed are tested for validity. The results of validity tests by design and media experts obtained 89% in the very decent category, material expert assessments obtained 84% in the very feasible categories, and expert assessments of Islamic religious education obtained 100% in the very feasible categories. The results of student responses obtained percentages of 89% in limited trials and 89.7% in expanded trials. Based on the findings of the research results, it can be concluded that E e-worksheet based on Search Solve, Create and Share (SSCS), an Islamic context to improve science process skills on the excretory system material developed, is very feasible to be used and applied to biology learning.Tika Audyta ElvanuariZ. ZulfianiEny Supriyati RosyidatunUniversity of Muhammadiyah Malangarticleexcretory systemscience process skillse-worksheetislamic contextsscsEducation (General)L7-991Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENJPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 195-210 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:fbc5027b6a284b56971ab17e6d1343c32024-03-29T10:15:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbiAoR2VuZXJhbCk~TENDOkJpb2xvZ3kgKEdlbmVyYWwpExploring students’ climate change perception: the key factor of climate change mitigation and adaptation2442-37502527-620410.22219/jpbi.v10i1.32655https://doaj.org/article/fbc5027b6a284b56971ab17e6d1343c32024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/jpbi/article/view/32655https://doaj.org/toc/2442-3750https://doaj.org/toc/2527-6204Climate change has felt by all individual now. Its impact is massive change in human daily life across countries. Therefore, it is necessary to assess students, as a youth, climate change perception. This study aimed to analyze the tenth grader students’ climate change perception. This study is a quantitative design, with survey method. Using questioners, we were collected 283 high school students in Malang, Indonesia. All students are willing to giving their answer to the questions. Students were asked to rate the items based on the quality and relevance to the type of climate change perception that these items were supposed to assess on a scale from 1 (Terrible) to 5 (Excellent). The five items for each type of climate change perception were selected with 25 item questions in total. Five categories are: 1) reality (Q1-Q5), 2) causes (Q6-Q10), 3) valence of consequences (Q11-Q15), 4) spatial distances (Q16-Q20), 5) temporal distances (Q21-Q25). This study reveals that students have a belief that climate change is real. Some students have used to doing good habits to reduce energy use and have the will to tackle the crisis. Students also believe that climate change was caused by the human activities rather than natural phenomenon. Students have a good understanding of climate change, but there are still many students who have not yet taken their action to tackle climate change. From the result, we briefly argue that student’s climate should be integrated in school learning in a form of climate change education to ensuring them taking their climate action in daily life.Maisuna KundariatiI. IbrohimFatchur RohmanSafwatun NidaWachidah HayuanaZia Aulia Zaidin PutraUniversity of Muhammadiyah Malangarticleadaptationclimate change perceptionmitigationEducation (General)L7-991Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENJPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 185-194 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:1a1e380d4e0c4a369d7baeaea8d6a0a62024-03-29T10:14:56ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Effects of charge and size on the coadsorption of counterionic colloids in Gibbs monolayers10.5488/cmp.27.136011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/1a1e380d4e0c4a369d7baeaea8d6a0a62024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/13https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
This study uses a coarse-grained Monte Carlo algorithm to model and simulate the coadsorption of a binary mixture of counterionic colloids in Gibbs monolayers. These monolayers form at a idealized air-water interface, with one non-soluble species confined at the interface and the second one partially soluble in the aqueous phase. The investigation focuses on the effect of colloidal size and charge on the thermodynamics and microstructure of the monolayer. We find that the composition of the monolayer evolves non-trivially with surface coverage, depending on the balance of steric and electrostatic forces. When the electrostatic interactions are weak, the soluble species is expelled from the monolayer upon compression, yielding a phase behaviour particularly sensitive to the relative size of the soluble and non-soluble colloids. By contrast, strong electrostatic interactions favour the stabilization of the soluble particles in the monolayer and the formation of quasi-equimolar fluids, with only a weak dependence on particle size. The combination of these phenomena results in the formation of a number of two-dimensional mesoscopic arrangements in the monolayer, ranging from diluted gas-phase behaviour to domains of aggregates and percolates, and to incipient crystalline structures.
J. M. Gómez-VerdúB. Martínez-HayaA. CuetosInstitute for Condensed Matter PhysicsarticleGibbs monolayersMonte Carloequations of stateaggregationPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f32aa7b56aa542139d391079396fb3b02024-03-29T10:14:55ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Editorial10.5488/cmp.27.100011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/f32aa7b56aa542139d391079396fb3b02024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/20https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079Institute for Condensed Matter PhysicsarticlePhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:baf29ba637eb4e77b546d1417cb105902024-03-29T10:14:55ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Shape changes of a single hairy particle with mobile ligands at a liquid-liquid interface10.5488/cmp.27.136021607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/baf29ba637eb4e77b546d1417cb105902024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/17https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
We investigate rearrangements of a single hairy particle at a liquid-liquid interface using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We consider the particles with the same (symmetrical interactions) and different (asymmetrical interactions) affinity to the liquids. We show how ligand mobility affects the behavior of the hairy particle at the liquid-liquid interface. We found that such a hairy particle can take various shapes at the interface. For example, a Janus-like snowman consisting of a segment cluster and a bare part of the core, Saturn-like structures, and the core with a wide “plume” on one side. A configuration of the particle at the interface is characterized by the vertical displacement distance and the orientation of the particle relative to the phase boundary. The selected descriptors are used to characterize the shape of the segment cloud. We found that the shape of a particle and its localization at the interface can be determined by tuning the interactions with the liquids.
T. StaszewskiM. BorówkoInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlehairy particlesparticle-laden layersmolecular dynamicsPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:56abb44dfb9a49c9b82a5b73ace145db2024-03-29T10:14:55ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Revisiting the wetting behavior of solid surfaces by water-like models within a density functional theory10.5488/cmp.27.136041607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/56abb44dfb9a49c9b82a5b73ace145db2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/18https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
We perform the analysis of predictions of a classical density functional theory for associating fluids with different association strength concerned with wetting of solid surfaces. The four associating sites water-like models with non-associative square-well attraction parametrized by Clark et al. [Mol. Phys., 2006, 104, 3561] are considered. The fluid-solid potential is assumed to have a 10-4-3 functional form. The growth of water film on the substrate upon changing the chemical potential is described. The wetting and prewetting critical temperatures, as well as the prewetting phase diagram are evaluated for different fluid-solid attraction strength from the analysis of the adsorption isotherms. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the contact angle is obtained from the Young equation. It yields estimates for the wetting temperature as well. Theoretical findings are compared with experimental results and in a few cases with data from computer simulations. The theory is successful and quite accurate in describing the wetting temperature and contact angle changes with temperature for different values of fluid-substrate attraction. Moreover, the method provides an easy tool to study other associating fluids on solids of importance for chemical engineering, in comparison with laboratory experiments and computer simulations.
A. KozinaM. AguilarO. PizioS. SokołowskiInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlewatergraphitedensity functionalwettingadsorptionPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:fdd991d924be4f7d866b96e85b19581a2024-03-29T10:14:54ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Active microrheology of fluids with orientational order10.5488/cmp.27.138011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/fdd991d924be4f7d866b96e85b19581a2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/22https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
We study the dynamics of a driven spherical colloidal particle moving in a fluid with a broken rotational symmetry. Using a nematic liquid crystal as a model, we demonstrate that when the applied force is not aligned along or perpendicular to the orientational order, the colloidal velocity does not align with the force, but forms an angle with respect to the pulling direction. This leads to blue an anisotropic hydrodynamic drag tensor which depends on the material parameters. In the case of nematic liquid crystal, we give an analytical expression and discuss the resulting implications for active microrheology experiments on fluids with broken rotational symmetry.
J. S. LintuvuoriA. WürgerInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticleliquid crystalscolloids,microrheologylattice Boltzmann methodsPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:9b048050bbf745fd8925dc88b54082362024-03-29T10:14:54ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Toward a realistic model of multilayered bacterial colonies10.5488/cmp.27.138021607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/9b048050bbf745fd8925dc88b54082362024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/23https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
Bacteria are prolific at colonizing diverse surfaces under a widerange of environmental conditions, and exhibit fascinating examples of self-organization across scales. Though it has recently attracted considerable interest, the role of mechanical forces in the collective behavior of bacterial colonies is not yet fully understood. Here, we construct a model of growing rod-like bacteria, such as Escherichia coli based purely on mechanical forces. We perform overdamped molecular dynamics simulations of the colony starting from a few cells in contact with a surface. As the colony grows, microdomains of strongly aligned cells grow and proliferate. Our model captures both the initial growth of a bacterial colony and also shows characteristic signs of capturing the experimentally observed transition to multilayered colonies over longer timescales. We compare our results with experiments on E. coli cells and analyze the statistics of microdomains.
M. T. KhanJ. CammannA. SenguptaE. RenziM. G. MazzaInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlebacteriaactive matterorientational ordergeometrymechanicsmono-to-multilayer transitionPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:26374fc4e9c24cc6ac0d6933399d99992024-03-29T10:14:54ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Percolation connectivity in deposits obtained usingcompetitive random sequential adsorption of binarydisk mixtures10.5488/cmp.27.132011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/26374fc4e9c24cc6ac0d6933399d99992024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/25https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
Connectedness percolation phenomena in the two-dimensional (2D) packing of binary mixtures of disks with different diameters were studied numerically. The packings were produced using random sequential adsorption (RSA) model with simultaneous deposition of disks. The ratio of the particle diameters was varied within the range D=1-10, and the selection probability of the small disks was varied within the range 0-1. A core-shell structure of the particles was assumed for the analysis of connectivity. The packing coverages in a jamming state for different components, connectivities through small, large and both types of disks, the behavior of electrical conductivity were analyzed. The observed complex effects were explained accounting for the formation of conductive "bridges" from small disks in pores between large disks.
N. I. LebovkaM. R. PetrykN. V. VygornitskiiInstitute for Condensed Matter PhysicsarticlepackingjammingadsorptioncompetitiondepositionpercolationPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:f28d3dc3ac004868afc71e11e32a4b602024-03-29T10:14:53ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~When correlations exceed system size: finite-size scaling in free boundary conditions above the upper critical dimension10.5488/cmp.27.136031607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/f28d3dc3ac004868afc71e11e32a4b602024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/37https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
We progress finite-size scaling in systems with free boundary conditions above their upper critical dimension, where in the thermodynamic limit critical scaling is described by mean-field theory. Recent works show that the correlation length is not bound by the system's physical size, a belief that long held sway. Instead, two scaling regimes can be observed — at the critical and pseudo-critical temperatures. We demonstrate that both are manifest for free boundaries. We use numerical simulations of the d = 5 Ising model to analyse the magnetization, susceptibility, magnetization Fourier modes and the partition function zeros. While some of the response functions hide the dual finite-size scaling, the precision enabled by the analysis of Lee–Yang zeros allows this be brought to the fore. In particular, finite-size scaling of leading zeros at the pseudo-critical point confirms recent predictions coming from correlations exceeding the system size. This paper is dedicated to Jaroslav Ilnytskyi on the occasion of his 60th birthday.
Yu. HoncharB. BercheYu. HolovatchR. KennaInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticleuniversalityfinite-size scalingupper critical dimensionPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:b032c56226b44115a14360628c5c9fbd2024-03-29T10:14:53ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Dimerizing hard spherocylinders in porous media10.5488/cmp.27.136071607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/b032c56226b44115a14360628c5c9fbd2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/39https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
This research focuses on the unique phase behavior of non-spherical patchy colloids in porous environments. Based on the theory of scaled particle (SPT), methods have been refined and applied to analyze the thermodynamic properties of non-spherical patchy particles in a disordered porous medium. Utilizing the associative theory of liquids in conjunction with SPT, we investigated the impact of associative interactions and connections between the functional nodes of particles on the formation of the nematic phase. Calculations of orientational and spatial distributions were conducted, which helped to understand the phase behavior of particles during the transition from isotropic to nematic phase under the spatial constraints imposed by the disordered matrix of the porous medium.
V. I. ShmotolokhaM. F. HolovkoInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlepatchy colloidsspherocylindersdimerizationdisordered porous mediageometrical porosityprobe particle porosityPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:a31d6960f06c4cd59dec730f4dafe4452024-03-29T10:14:53ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Universal properties of branched copolymers in dilute solutions10.5488/cmp.27.133011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/a31d6960f06c4cd59dec730f4dafe4452024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/26https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
We analyze the universal conformational properties of complex copolymer macromolecules, based on two topologies: the rosette structure containing fc linear branches and fr closed loops grafted to the central core, and the symmetric pom-pom structure, consisting of a backbone linear chain terminated by two branching points with functionalities f. We assume that the constituent strands (branches) of these structures can be of two different chemical species a and b. Depending on the solvent conditions, the inter- or intrachain interactions of some links may vanish, which corresponds to Θ-state of the corresponding polymer species. Applying both the analytical approach within the frames of direct polymer renormalization and numerical simulations based on the lattice model of polymer, we evaluated the set of parameters characterizing the size properties of constituent parts of two complex topologies and estimated quantitatively the impact of interactions between constituent parts on these size characteristics.
K. HaydukivskaV. BlavatskaInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlepolymersscalinguniversal propertiesrenormalization groupnumerical simulationsPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:c6ca431155be4c5695e7e99b3497187a2024-03-29T10:14:52ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Computer simulations of soft matter. On 60-th anniversary of Jaroslav Ilnytskyi10.5488/cmp.27.101011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/c6ca431155be4c5695e7e99b3497187a2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/43https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
This special issue Condensed Matter Physics, entitled "Computer Simulations of Soft Matter" is dedicated to Jaroslav Ilnytskyi on the occasion of his 60-th birthday. Prof. J. Ilnytskyi is one of scientific leaders of the Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), who iswell known for his contributions to the theory and computer simulation studies of polymer fluids, liquid crystals, macromolecular and colloid solutions. Versatility of Jaroslav works is due to his excellent background commonly resulting in original ideas, his feeling and ability to choose and apply appropriate methods for the solution of various problems. Finally, Jaroslav works are distinguished by the profound analyses of either theoretical or simulation results with respect to experimental observations frequently complemented by the discussion of possible applications.
O. PizioT. PatsahanV. BlavatskaInstitute for Condensed Matter PhysicsarticlePhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:aa04779db0d54b3299ad3f43fb6afc922024-03-29T10:14:52ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Description of CuInP2S6 ferrielectrics in a mixed Ising model10.5488/cmp.27.147011607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/aa04779db0d54b3299ad3f43fb6afc922024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/44https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
The appearance of spontaneous polarization in CuInP2S6 ferrielectrics is related to the second order Jahn-Teller effect for copper cations located in a double-well local potential, the stereoactivity of indium cations located in a three-well local potential, as well as the valence fluctuations of phosphorus cations. The paraelectric to ferrielectric phase transition is primarily determined by the coupling of indium cations with their surroundings. This transition can be analyzed using the mixed Ising model with spins s = 1/2 and S = 1. The spectrum of pseudospin fluctuations at different temperatures was calculated using a mean-field approach for a set of quantum anharmonic oscillators. The results were then compared with Raman spectroscopy data for CuInP2S6 crystal. The analysis indicates that the lattice anharmonicity below 150 K, is mainly determined by the indium sublattice, leading to the coexistence of the glassy state and ferrielectric phase. Above 150 K, the anharmonicity of the copper sublattice activates the ionic conductivity and results in the existence of a long-ranged fluctuated cluster of spontaneous polarization in a temperature interval of the paraelectric phase above TC.
R. YevychV. LiubachkoV. HrytsM. MedulychA. KohutychYu. VysochanskiiInstitute for Condensed Matter PhysicsarticleferrielectricsCuInP2S6mixed Ising modelquantum anharmonic oscillator modelPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:82595ec6b3ac44b69f8b197624c8dae42024-03-29T10:14:52ZTENDOlBoeXNpY3M~Finite size effects and optimization of the calculation of the surface tension in surfactant mixtures at liquid/vapour interfaces10.5488/cmp.27.136051607-324X2224-9079https://doaj.org/article/82595ec6b3ac44b69f8b197624c8dae42024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cmpj2.icmp.lviv.ua/index.php/cmpj/article/view/41https://doaj.org/toc/1607-324Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2224-9079
The surface tension of monolayers with mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactant at the liquid/vapour interface is studied. Previous works have observed that calculations of the surface tension of simple fluids show artificial oscillations for small interfacial areas, indicating that the surface tension data fluctuate due to the finite size effects and periodic boundary conditions. In the case of simulations of monolayers composed of surfactant mixtures, the surface tension not only oscillates for small areas but can also give non-physical data, such as negative values. Analysis of the monolayers with different surfactant mixtures, ionic (DTAB, CTAB, SDS) and nonionic (SB3-12), was done for density profiles, parameters of order and pair correlation functions for small and large box areas and all of them present similar behaviour. The fluctuations and the non-physical values of the surface tension are corrected when boxes with large interfacial areas are considered. The results indicate that in order to obtain reliable values of the surface tension, in computer simulations, it is important to choose not only the correct force field but also the appropriate size of the simulation box.
C. J. Guzman-ValenciaJ. Toriz-SalinasH. Espinosa-JimenezA. B. Salazar-ArriagaJ. L. López-CervantesH. DominguezInstitute for Condensed Matter Physicsarticlefinite size effectsmolecular dynamicssurface tensionsurfactant monolayer mixtureswater/airPhysicsQC1-999ENCondensed Matter Physics, Vol 27, Iss 1 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:4d431fec62c946b7bfa0c5a5f70dcacb2024-03-29T10:14:51ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~Saraiva, T. (2022). Porcos fascistas: Organismos tecnocientíficos e a história do fascismo. Dafne10.48751/CAM-2024-213422183-3176https://doaj.org/article/4d431fec62c946b7bfa0c5a5f70dcacb2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/342https://doaj.org/toc/2183-3176Lourenzo Fernández PrietoCâmara Municipal de LisboaarticleHistory of PortugalDP501-900.22ENESFRPTCadernos do Arquivo Municipal, Iss 21 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:47e1a645c1554b8b9018ee1e416de2482024-03-29T10:14:51ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~Mulheres operárias no 25 de Abril: lutas nas fábricas de componentes eletrónicos em 197410.48751/CAM-2024-213362183-3176https://doaj.org/article/47e1a645c1554b8b9018ee1e416de2482024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/336https://doaj.org/toc/2183-3176
O presente artigo tem por objetivo resgatar a história de milhares de mulheres operárias que lutaram pelo direito ao trabalho e por melhores condições de vida durante o período revolucionário português. Escolhemos, enquanto objeto de análise, o setor da produção de componentes eletrónicos onde a força de trabalho era maioritariamente feminina. Para este fim, selecionamos sobretudo as fábricas do grupo ITT – Standard Elétrica e Semicondutores –, Plessey e Applied Magnetics. Com o 25 de Abril de 1974, as possibilidades de mudança eram latentes e foram experimentadas pela classe trabalhadora, ainda que a historiografia deste período seja predominantemente masculina. Contrariando essa perceção, destacamos como as mulheres não apenas participaram, mas foram agentes ativas nas lutas desencadeadas nos diversos espaços sociais com destaque para os confrontos fabris.
Pâmela Peres CabreiraCâmara Municipal de Lisboaarticle25 de AbrilMulheres operáriasRevoluçãoGéneroFábricaHistory of PortugalDP501-900.22ENESFRPTCadernos do Arquivo Municipal, Iss 21 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:cfccdecb77204fc486bf8b3480d5ae9a2024-03-29T10:14:50ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~Gomes, R. M., & Ó, J. R. do (Eds.). (2023). A Urgência da palavra impressa: A imprensa dos «intrépidos adolescentes» contra a ditadura (1970-1974). Tigre de Papel10.48751/CAM-2024-213392183-3176https://doaj.org/article/cfccdecb77204fc486bf8b3480d5ae9a2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/339https://doaj.org/toc/2183-3176Luís FarinhaCâmara Municipal de LisboaarticleHistory of PortugalDP501-900.22ENESFRPTCadernos do Arquivo Municipal, Iss 21 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:1825de9c88164128bf31b4d6968ffd2d2024-03-29T10:14:50ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~O 25 de Abril e o Comité de Ligação dos Militantes Revolucionários Portugueses. Contributos para a história do trotskismo em Portugal10.48751/CAM-2024-213432183-3176https://doaj.org/article/1825de9c88164128bf31b4d6968ffd2d2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/343https://doaj.org/toc/2183-3176
No II Congresso do Partido Socialista, em 1976, a única lista de oposição à direção de Mário Soares obteve 25% dos votos dos delegados. À cabeça do grupo estavam Carmelinda Pereira e António Aires Rodrigues – deputados constituintes e da I legislatura – que, acusados de se organizarem como uma fração trotskista, seriam expulsos nos meses seguintes. Este artigo pretende explicar a ação deste grupo no período aberto pelo 25 de Abril de 1974, contextualizando o seu percurso nos anos imediatamente anteriores. Entre as fontes analisadas contam-se entrevistas realizadas aos protagonistas, jornais nacionais e internacionais da época e a documentação proveniente do Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril, da Fundação Mário Soares e do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo.
João MoreiraCâmara Municipal de LisboaarticleLambertismoOposiçãoPartidoRevoluçãoTrotskismoHistory of PortugalDP501-900.22ENESFRPTCadernos do Arquivo Municipal, Iss 21 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:16b62179fd6644b1aee116187a2af56e2024-03-29T10:11:49ZTENDOk1lZGljYWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neQ~~Prehospital early warning scores for adults with suspected sepsis: the PHEWS observational cohort and decision-analytic modelling study2046-492410.3310/NDTY2403https://doaj.org/article/16b62179fd6644b1aee116187a2af56e2024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.3310/NDTY2403https://doaj.org/toc/2046-4924Background Guidelines for sepsis recommend treating those at highest risk within 1 hour. The emergency care system can only achieve this if sepsis is recognised and prioritised. Ambulance services can use prehospital early warning scores alongside paramedic diagnostic impression to prioritise patients for treatment or early assessment in the emergency department. Objectives To determine the accuracy, impact and cost-effectiveness of using early warning scores alongside paramedic diagnostic impression to identify sepsis requiring urgent treatment. Design Retrospective diagnostic cohort study and decision-analytic modelling of operational consequences and cost-effectiveness. Setting Two ambulance services and four acute hospitals in England. Participants Adults transported to hospital by emergency ambulance, excluding episodes with injury, mental health problems, cardiac arrest, direct transfer to specialist services, or no vital signs recorded. Interventions Twenty-one early warning scores used alongside paramedic diagnostic impression, categorised as sepsis, infection, non-specific presentation, or other specific presentation. Main outcome measures Proportion of cases prioritised at the four hospitals; diagnostic accuracy for the sepsis-3 definition of sepsis and receiving urgent treatment (primary reference standard); daily number of cases with and without sepsis prioritised at a large and a small hospital; the minimum treatment effect associated with prioritisation at which each strategy would be cost-effective, compared to no prioritisation, assuming willingness to pay £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Results Data from 95,022 episodes involving 71,204 patients across four hospitals showed that most early warning scores operating at their pre-specified thresholds would prioritise more than 10% of cases when applied to non-specific attendances or all attendances. Data from 12,870 episodes at one hospital identified 348 (2.7%) with the primary reference standard. The National Early Warning Score, version 2 (NEWS2), had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve when applied only to patients with a paramedic diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection (0.756, 95% confidence interval 0.729 to 0.783) or sepsis alone (0.655, 95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.68). None of the strategies provided high sensitivity (> 0.8) with acceptable positive predictive value (> 0.15). NEWS2 provided combinations of sensitivity and specificity that were similar or superior to all other early warning scores. Applying NEWS2 to paramedic diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection with thresholds of > 4, > 6 and > 8 respectively provided sensitivities and positive predictive values (95% confidence interval) of 0.522 (0.469 to 0.574) and 0.216 (0.189 to 0.245), 0.447 (0.395 to 0.499) and 0.274 (0.239 to 0.313), and 0.314 (0.268 to 0.365) and 0.333 (confidence interval 0.284 to 0.386). The mortality relative risk reduction from prioritisation at which each strategy would be cost-effective exceeded 0.975 for all strategies analysed. Limitations We estimated accuracy using a sample of older patients at one hospital. Reliable evidence was not available to estimate the effectiveness of prioritisation in the decision-analytic modelling. Conclusions No strategy is ideal but using NEWS2, in patients with a paramedic diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis could identify one-third to half of sepsis cases without prioritising unmanageable numbers. No other score provided clearly superior accuracy to NEWS2. Research is needed to develop better definition, diagnosis and treatments for sepsis. Study registration This study is registered as Research Registry (reference: researchregistry5268). Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 17/136/10) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 16. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
Plain language summary Sepsis is a life-threatening condition in which an abnormal response to infection causes heart, lung or kidney failure. People with sepsis need urgent treatment. They need to be prioritised at the emergency department rather than waiting in the queue. Paramedics attempt to identify people with possible sepsis using an early warning score (based on simple measurements, such as blood pressure and heart rate) alongside their impression of the patient’s diagnosis. They can then alert the hospital to assess the patient quickly. However, an inaccurate early warning score might miss cases of sepsis or unnecessarily prioritise people without sepsis. We aimed to measure how accurately early warning scores identified people with sepsis when used alongside paramedic diagnostic impression. We collected data from 71,204 people that two ambulance services transported to four different hospitals in 2019. We recorded paramedic diagnostic impressions and calculated early warning scores for each patient. At one hospital, we linked ambulance records to hospital records and identified who had sepsis. We then calculated the accuracy of using the scores alongside diagnostic impression to diagnose sepsis. Finally, we used modelling to predict how many patients (with and without sepsis) paramedics would prioritise using different strategies based on early warning scores and diagnostic impression. We found that none of the currently available early warning scores were ideal. When they were applied to all patients, they prioritised too many people. When they were only applied to patients whom the paramedics thought had infection, they missed many cases of sepsis. The NEWS2, score, which ambulance services already use, was as good as or better than all the other scores we studied. We found that using the NEWS2, score in people with a paramedic impression of infection could achieve a reasonable balance between prioritising too many patients and avoiding missing patients with sepsis.
Scientific summary Background Sepsis is a life-threatening reaction to an infection in which the immune system overreacts to infection and causes organ damage. Early recognition and treatment of sepsis has the potential to reduce mortality. Guidelines for sepsis highlight the importance of early recognition and treatment, with treatment recommended within 1 hour of presentation for those at highest risk. The emergency care system can only achieve this if sepsis is recognised and prioritised. Ambulance services can use prehospital early warning scores to identify people with a high risk of sepsis and then pre-alert the emergency department (ED) or provide the patient with prehospital treatment. However, they need to determine which score to use, the threshold of positivity for the score, and whether to apply the early warning score to all medical cases or just those where the paramedic diagnostic impression suggests sepsis, infection or a non-specific presentation. This requires estimates of the diagnostic accuracy of early warning scores and consideration of the balance between sensitivity (avoiding missing sepsis) and specificity (prioritising too many patients who do not have sepsis). Objectives We aimed to determine the accuracy, impact and cost-effectiveness of prehospital early warning scores for adults with suspected sepsis. Our specific objectives were: to estimate the accuracy of prehospital early warning scores for identifying sepsis requiring time-critical treatment in adults with possible sepsis who are attended by emergency ambulance to estimate the impact of using prehospital early warning scores to guide key prehospital decisions, in terms of the operational consequences, and the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies. Methods We undertook (1) a retrospective cohort study to estimate the accuracy of prehospital early warning scores alongside paramedic diagnostic impression and (2) decision-analytic modelling of the operational consequences and cost-effectiveness of using prioritisation strategies based on early warning score and diagnostic impression. Retrospective cohort study We used a literature review and expert opinion to identify 21 early warning scores for evaluation. We used routine ambulance service data to identify all episodes in 2019 in which two ambulance services (Yorkshire and West Midlands) transported patients with medical presentations to four acute hospitals (Sheffield Northern General Hospital, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Rotherham General Hospital, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire). We excluded episodes with injury, mental health problems, cardiac arrest or direct transfer to specialist services, and cases with no vital signs recorded. We calculated early warning scores from the first recorded vital signs on the ambulance service electronic patient-report form and categorised the paramedic diagnostic impression as sepsis, infection, non-specific presentation or other specific presentation. We then determined the number of cases that ambulance services would prioritise at each hospital using each early warning score alongside the categorised paramedic diagnostic impression. We planned to use the National Health Service (NHS) Digital Data Access Request Service to link ambulance service to hospital data but NHS Digital were unable to provide this service. We therefore instituted a rescue plan to link ambulance service to hospital data at one participating hospital (Sheffield) to determine whether patients had a reference standard diagnosis of sepsis, adjudicated by two independent clinicians following hospital record review. The primary reference standard consisted of meeting the sepsis-3 definition [evidence of infection with a change of two or more points in the Sequential (sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score] and receiving treatment for sepsis. The secondary reference standard consisted of meeting the sepsis-3 definition alone. We analysed the ambulance service data descriptively to report the mean daily number of cases that the ambulance service would pre-alert to each hospital for each combination of early warning score and diagnostic impression. For the accuracy analysis, we constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate sensitivity and specificity over the range of each score. We calculated the area under the ROC curve, sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values at key cut-points, each with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Reporting of the results highlights sensitivity and positive predictive value as these best indicate under-triage (sensitivity, the proportion of sepsis cases prioritised) and overtriage (positive predictive value, the proportion of prioritised cases with sepsis). To select strategies for the decision-analytic modelling, we calculated the proportion of mean daily ambulance arrivals that would be prioritised at each hospital and excluded strategies that would prioritise a potentially unmanageable proportion (> 10%). We then compared the accuracy of strategies and excluded those with sensitivity and specificity both inferior to another strategy. We also excluded strategies that were not clearly superior to a comparable strategy involving the National Early Warning Score, version 2 (NEWS2) on the basis that NEWS2 is already widely used by NHS ambulance services, whereas other strategies would require additional training and support to implement. Decision-analytic modelling We developed a decision-analytic model to evaluate the consequences to healthcare providers and the cost-effectives for the health services of using 23 different strategies to prioritise patients transported to hospital with possible sepsis. Due to the paucity of data associated with the benefit of early treatment for sepsis and conflicting results from studies where data existed, threshold analyses were independently undertaken to estimate the reduction in mortality, the reduction in general ward length of stay (LoS) and the reduction in intensive care unit LoS that would be required by each strategy in order to be cost-effective compared with a strategy of no prioritisation of patients. We additionally present the number of prehospital alerts associated with each strategy, the number of patients with sepsis who have been correctly prioritised and the number of patients with sepsis who are not prioritised. Results Retrospective cohort study We collected data from 95,022 ambulance episodes involving 71,204 patients with median age 66 years, and included 37,588 (53.0%) women, and 40,045 (94.9%) with white ethnicity. The mean (standard deviation) number of daily attendances meeting the study inclusion criteria was 93.5 (14.7) at Sheffield Northern General Hospital, 59.5 (10.8) at Doncaster Royal Infirmary, 51.3 (8.9) at Rotherham General Hospital and 74 (11) at University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire. Most early warning scores operating at their pre-specified thresholds would prioritise fewer than 10% of attendances when applied only to those with a diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection, but would prioritise more than 10% when applied to non-specific attendances or all attendances. The exceptions were qSOFA (threshold > 1), the Screening to Enhance PrehoSpital Identification of Sepsis (SEPSIS) score, the Critical Illness Score (CIS; threshold > 4), the Paramedic Initiated Treatment of Sepsis Targeting Out-of-hospital Patients clinical trial rule, the PRESS score and the sepsis alert criteria. Yorkshire Ambulance Service recorded only one diagnostic impression, whereas West Midlands Ambulance Service recorded multiple unranked impressions, so strategies prioritised a greater proportion of patients transported to University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire. Consequently, in the West Midlands most strategies prioritised more than 10% of cases when applied to those with a diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis. We linked 12,870 out of 24,955 (51.6%) cases to the Sheffield Northern General Hospital records at Sheffield and identified 348 (2.7%) with the primary reference standard. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of paramedic diagnostic impression were 0.328 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.379) and 0.285 (95% CI 0.243 to 0.331) for sepsis, 0.572 (95% CI 0.519 to 0.623) and 0.156 (95% CI 0.137 to 0.176) for infection or sepsis, and 0.897 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.924) and 0.053 (95% CI 0.048 to 0.059) for non-specific presentation, infection or sepsis. The early warning scores had a greater area under the ROC curve when applied to all cases rather than alongside diagnostic impression, but the low prevalence of the reference standard meant that thresholds with sensitivity above 0.7 generally had positive predictive value below 0.15, which would prioritise an unmanageable number of cases. When higher thresholds were used to provide acceptable positive predictive value and a manageable number of cases, strategies that applied the early warning score only to those with a diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection tended to have better overall accuracy. NEWS2 had the highest area under the ROC curve when applied only to those with a paramedic diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection (0.756, 95% CI 0.729 to 0.783) or sepsis alone (0.655, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.68). Only the SEPSIS score had a higher area under the ROC curve than NEWS2 when applied to non-specific presentation, infection or sepsis (0.862 vs. 0.858) and all cases (0.882 vs. 0.877). None of the strategies provided high sensitivity (e.g. > 0.8) with acceptable positive predictive value (e.g. > 0.15). NEWS2, using varying thresholds and combinations with diagnostic impression, provided combinations of sensitivity and specificity that were similar or superior to all other early warning scores. We identified strategies reflecting published recommendations for prioritisation that could offer options with varying trade-offs between sensitivity and positive predictive value. Applying NEWS2 only to those with a paramedic diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection respectively provided sensitivities and positive predictive values of 0.522 (95% CI 0.469 to 0.574) and 0.216 (95% CI 0.189 to 0.245) with a threshold > 4, 0.447 (95% CI 0.395 to 0.499) and 0.274 (95% CI 0.239 to 0.313) with a threshold > 6, and 0.314 (95% CI 0.268 to 0.365) and 0.333 (95% CI 0.284 to 0.386) with a threshold > 8. Applying qSOFA > 1 only to those with a paramedic diagnostic impression of sepsis or infection provided sensitivity of 0.305 (95% CI 0.259 to 0.355) and positive predictive value of 0.356 (95% CI 0.304 to 0.412). Decision-analytic modelling The modelling provided estimates for a range of strategies with varying sensitivity and specificity of the number of cases (overall and with sepsis) that would be prioritised in a large and a small hospital. At a large hospital receiving 93.5 eligible cases per day, applying NEWS2 > 4 only to those with a diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis would prioritise 6.10 cases per day, including 1.32 with sepsis, while failing to prioritise 1.21 with sepsis. The corresponding numbers using NEWS2 > 6 were 4.11, 1.13 and 1.40, using NEWS2 > 8 were 2.38, 0.79 and 1.73, and using qSOFA > 1 were 2.17, 0.77 and 1.76. At a small hospital receiving 53.1 eligible cases per day, applying NEWS2 > 4 only to those with a diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis would prioritise 3.35 cases per day, including 0.72 with sepsis, while failing to prioritise 0.66 with sepsis. The corresponding numbers using NEWS2 > 6 were 2.26, 0.62 and 0.77, using NEWS2 > 8 were 1.31, 0.44 and 0.95, and using qSOFA > 1 were 1.19, 0.42 and 0.96. The threshold analysis showed that the relative risk of mortality associated with prioritisation at which each strategy would be cost-effective compared to no prioritisation [assuming willingness to pay £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained] ranged from 0.977 applying NEWS2 > 0 only to those with a diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis, to 0.996 applying NEWS2 > 11 only to those with a diagnostic impression of sepsis. The comparable ranges for other measures of effectiveness for these two strategies were: increase in QALYs 0.00056–0.00002; reduction in length of ward stay 3.8–0.7 days; reduction in intensive care LoS 1.2–0.2 days. Conclusions We were unable to identify a strategy that would prioritise a substantial majority of patients with sepsis without prioritising a potentially unmanageable number of patients for the ED. Most early warning scores, used at a recommended threshold, are likely to prioritise an unmanageable number of cases unless they are only used to prioritise cases with a paramedic diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis. However, paramedic diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis only identified 57% of cases with a reference standard diagnosis of sepsis requiring urgent treatment. The NEWS2 provides sensitivity and specificity for identifying sepsis that is generally similar or superior to other scores operating at a comparable threshold. We therefore found no evidence to justify the support and training required to implement an alternative strategy to NEWS2, which is already widely used in NHS ambulance services. National Early Warning Score, version 2, could be used at thresholds of > 4 or > 6 in presentations with a diagnostic impression of infection or sepsis, reflecting the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges clinical decision support framework, or > 8 to provide similar sensitivity and specificity to the use of qSOFA > 1 recommended in the sepsis-3 guidelines. These strategies provide a range of options that ambulance services and hospitals could use, depending upon capacity to manage prioritised cases and what prioritisation involves. Health economic modelling suggests that sensitive strategies for identifying patients with possible sepsis for prioritisation could be cost-effective, if we are convinced that reducing treatment delay reduces mortality and the emergency care system has the capacity to deliver meaningful prioritisation to substantial numbers of cases. Limitations Inability of NHS Digital to link ambulance service to hospital data meant that we were only able to estimate the accuracy of early warning scores at one hospital using data from 51.6% of the eligible population for whom the ambulance service had NHS numbers. The included patients were markedly older than the excluded patients. We were unable to identify reliable evidence to estimate the effectiveness of early treatment for sepsis, so were unable to identify the most cost-effective strategy. Future research Research into prehospital early warning scores for sepsis is limited by our current inability to clinically measure the dysregulated host response that characterises sepsis and uncertain estimates of the benefits of early treatment. We therefore need to prioritise research to develop better ways of defining and diagnosing sepsis, and to develop and evaluate effective early treatment for sepsis. Future research involving routine ambulance service and hospital data requires a system for NHS data management that supports health data science. Study registration This study is registered as Research Registry (reference: researchregistry5268). Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 17/136/10) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 16. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.Steve GoodacreLaura SuttonKate EnnisBen ThomasOlivia HawksworthKhurram IftikharSusan J CroftGordon FullerSimon WaterhouseDaniel HindMatt StevensonMike J BradburnMichael SmythGavin D PerkinsMark MillinsAndy RosserJon DicksonMatthew WilsonNIHR Journals Libraryarticlehumansambulancesparamedicsearly warning scoresemergency medical servicessepsisadultorgan dysfunction scoreroc curvetriageconfidence intervalsretrospective studiesreference standardsriskquality-adjusted life-yearscohort studiesMedical technologyR855-855.5ENHealth Technology Assessment, Vol 28, Iss 16 (2024)oai:doaj.org/article:fc1c131a359d470f886bdcb0d9fd14222024-03-29T10:10:30ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lEFFECTIVENESS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN: A CASE REPORT10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-161-1642074-05812959-6327https://doaj.org/article/fc1c131a359d470f886bdcb0d9fd14222024-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-1-161-164https://doaj.org/toc/2074-0581https://doaj.org/toc/2959-6327Methods: On average, almost every second case of tuberculosis (TB) among patients with HIV infection remains undetected. A clinical observation of two twin girls aged nine years is presented here when extrapulmonary foci of TB dissemination were identified using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole body. This paper presents a clinical case illustrating the high effectiveness of MRI compared with computed tomography (CT) with less radiation exposure of the body of an HIV-infected child.O.I. BOBOKHOJAEVM.U. BOBOEVG.M. NUROVAAvicenna Tajik State Medical Universityarticletuberculosishiv infectionchildrendiagnosticsmagnetic resonance imagingmolecular genetic methodimmunochromatographic methodclinical case.Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENRUПаёми Сино, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 161-164 (2024)eyJtIjogIm9haV9kYyIsICJuIjogMzAwLCAiYSI6IFsiMjAyNC0wMy0yOVQxMDoxMDozMFoiLCAxXX0=