Sustainable bio-nanocomposite from lignocellulose nanofibers and HDPE for knee biomechanics: A tribological and mechanical properties study

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of sustainable bio-nanocomposites for biomechanical knee applications, focusing on the integration of lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (CNF-L) with high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Twin-screw extrusion and injection molding were used to prepare CNF-L from unbleached, pulped rice straw, which was subsequently incorporated into HDPE at various weight levels (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%). The results of the study showed significant hydrophilicity compared to native HDPE, with water contact angle values ranging from 67° to 83°. Significant improvements in both tribological and mechanical properties were observed. In particular, yield strength and hardness increased by 23.4 and 18.5%, respectively, compared to standard HDPE. Tribological performance also improved, with a 20.3% reduction in coefficient of friction and a 53.6% reduction in weight loss. These results highlight the effective role of lignin in improving the tribological properties of bio-nanocomposites. The study demonstrates the potential of HDPE/CNF-L composites as sustainable materials for knee biomechanics applications, offering improved mechanical strength and wear resistance.

Keywords

• hdpe
• bio-nanocomposite
• wear mechanism
• cellulose
• cnf-l