Low parental income level is associated with pediatric COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the San Francisco Bay area

Abstract

Abstract Objective To characterize the differences between COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant and vaccine-accepting parents in the Bay Area. Methods We analyzed a cross-sectional survey of 251 parents of children ( $150,000 (p < 0.01), indicating higher vaccine hesitancy in lower-income parents. Conclusions Low-income parents appear to be more vaccine-hesitant than high-income parents in the Bay Area. Future public health interventions should focus on lower-income parents to improve vaccine uptake.

Keywords

• COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy
• Vaccine acceptance
• Vaccine uptake
• Vaccine hesitancy scale (VHS)
• Income
• Socioeconomic status