Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental (Sep 2005)
Aplicação de gesso e calcário na recuperação de solos salino-sódicos do Estado de Pernambuco Application of gypsum and limestone in the reclamation of saline-sodic soils of the Pernambuco State
Abstract
Experimento em colunas de solo foi conduzido, objetivando-se avaliar o efeito da aplicação de gesso e gesso + calcário, na recuperação de solos salino-sódicos do Perímetro Irrigado de Custódia, PE. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com arranjo fatorial de quatro solos, dois métodos de aplicação de gesso e gesso + calcário (aplicados na superfície e incorporados aos primeiros 5 cm da coluna de solo), duas combinações dos corretivos (100% de gesso + 0% de calcário e 80% de gesso + 20% de calcário), calculados com base na necessidade de gesso dos solos, e quatro faixas de granulometria de gesso (2,0-1,0, 1,0-0,5, 0,5-0,3 e An experiment was carried out in soil columns with the objective of evaluating the effect of application of gypsum and limestone on reclamation of the saline-sodic soils in the Irrigation district of Custódia, PE. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme of four soils, two methods for applications of gypsum and gypsum plus limestone (applied on surface and incorporated into the first five cm of the soil column), two combinations of the chemical amendments (100% gypsum plus 0% limestone and 80% gypsum plus 20% limestone), calculated on the basis of gypsum requirement of soil and four granulometry gypsum strips (2.0-1.0; 1.0-0.5; 0.5-0.3 and < 0.3 mm) with three replications. The gypsum amount determined by the method of Schoonover M-1, under laboratory conditions, shows to be adequate in the displacement of the exchangeable sodium of the soil exchange complex. The efficiency of the gypsum as well as the gypsum plus lime mixture in reclamation of the soils shows to be superior, when the amendments are incorporated into the first 5 cm of the soil columns. Among the gypsum granulometry, the finest fractions, (0.5-0.3 mm and < 0.3 mm), presented better performance in replacing the exchangeable sodium of the exchange complex.
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