A systematic literature review on delusional parasitosis

Abstract

Objective: To collect detailed up-to-date knowledge, using a detailed systematic review of the literature, that is specific to the condition of Ekbom Syndrome, also known as Delusional Parasitosis (DP). This article will review: Historical facts, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, subtypes and related conditions, associated diseases, psychosocial impact, economic considerations and treatment. Background: DP is a psychiatric condition and can be the earliest sign of a major psychotic illness. The condition was described as early as the late 17th century in France. The etiology is neuro-chemical. The classic “matchbox” and “specimen” signs can lead to a successful diagnosis. Treatment is via a multidisciplinary approach. Methods: A detailed search strategy was utilized across six databases led by pre-specified keywords (62 in number), followed by the application of database-specific filters to scrutinize the hierarchy of literature, from guidelines, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials to medical papers with weak evidence, including anecdotal reports. One article was translated from French. Results: Forty references were used to extract the most relevant data. This article is divided into sections of topics, starting from methodology to a conclusion. Conclusion: This review article will enable the medical researcher to obtain a detailed perspective of the condition of DP. Thus, a researcher can seek the highest available evidence from the literature and use it as a starting point for his original research.

Keywords

• Delusional parasitosis
• Ekbom
• Morgellons
• Matchbox sign
• Specimen sign