19 Nasopharyngeal resistome under antibiotic pressure; the long-term effects of mass drug administration (MDA) of azithromycin to pre-school children in Malawi

• Lucy O’Connor,
• Akuzike Kalizang’oma,
• Victoria Dyster,
• Chrispin Chaguza,
• Brenda Kwambana-Adams,
• Farouk Bonomali,
• Comfort Brown,
• Jacqueline Msefula,
• Khumbo Kalua,
• Robin Bailey,
• Thandie Mwalukomo,
• Dorothee Van Breevoort,
• Jennifer Cornick,
• Neil French,
• Todd D. Swarthout,
• Robert Heyderman

Affiliations

Lucy O’Connor

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom; Corresponding author.

Akuzike Kalizang’oma

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Oral Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Malawi; Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi

Victoria Dyster

Wellcome Sanger Institute, United Kingdom

Chrispin Chaguza

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, United States; Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, United States

Brenda Kwambana-Adams

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom; Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi; Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; Institute of Infection Veterinary & Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom

Farouk Bonomali

Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi

Comfort Brown

Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi

Jacqueline Msefula

Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi

Khumbo Kalua

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Malawi; Blantyre Institute for Community Outreach, Malawi

Robin Bailey

Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom

Thandie Mwalukomo

Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Malawi

Dorothee Van Breevoort

Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Malawi

Jennifer Cornick

Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom; Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom

Neil French

Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Malawi; Institute of Global Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom

Todd D. Swarthout

Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands

Robert Heyderman

Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom