Metabolic abnormalities in hyperoxia-induced lung diseases of neonates

Abstract

High oxygen(hyperoxia) concentration may damage multiple organs and systems in newborns, such as the lung, brain and intestines. Metabolic abnormalities are important early events in the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperoxia related pulmonary diseases. This article reviews the increased glucose and lipid metabolism as well as dys-regulation of amino acid metabolism after hyperoxia related bronchopulmonary dysplasia in newborns. The potential mechanism may be that the high oxygen concentration increases formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and also change the mitochondrial dynamics of neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, leading to reduction of mitochondrial fusion, enhances fission and autophagy. This study also finds that many metabolism-related enzymes and metabolites are changed during hyperoxia related diseases. However, clinical research has not yet been conducted. Future research should focus on combining metabolic profiles with multi omics data, including transcriptome sequencing, genomics and proteomics to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for hyperoxia related neonatal lung injury in order to develop new strategies for the treatment of metabolic abnormalities resulted from neonatal hyperoxia related pulmonary diseases.

Keywords

• newborn|hyperoxia|lung disease|metabolic abnormalities|mitochondria