Investigations on the Mechanical Performance and Durability of Ramie Fibers Under Various Environmental Conditions

Abstract

Natural fibers and associated products have recently gained significant attention due to their sustainable and eco-friendly attributes, presenting them as viable substitutes for petroleum-based synthetic fibers such as Kevlar, carbon, and glass. Among the various types of natural fibers, ramie (Boehmeria nivea) has been recognized as one of the strongest lignocellulosic fibers due to its high cellulose content, exceptional mechanical properties, and economic viability. The present work provides a comprehensive investigation of ramie, focusing on its physical attributes, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and durability under different exposure conditions. The durability of ramie is evaluated by exposing the fibers to alkaline, acidic, and aqueous environments, revealing variations in tensile strength, cellulose crystallinity depletion, and surface deterioration. Results indicate notable differences between partially degummed (PDG) and bleached (B) ramie fibers, with the latter showing approximately 12% higher strength. The durability study revealed degradation percentages of 40–45% under alkaline conditions, 30–35% under acidic conditions, and 50–55% in aqueous conditions. These findings highlight the need for strategies to enhance ramie fibers’ resistance to environmental degradation for various applications.

Keywords

• Natural fiber
• ramie fibers
• mechanical and durability characteristics
• sustainable materials
• 天然纤维
• 苎麻纤维