The potential of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as antioxidant agents (literature review)

Abstract

1,2,4-Triazoles are important compounds in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry, which are known for their high reactivity and biological activity. They show a wide range of pharmacological properties with minimal toxicity. A promising area of research is the use of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as antioxidants. 1,2,4-Triazoles are notable for their ability to neutralize free radicals and other reactive oxygen forms, which can damage cells and tissues. Aim. The aim of this work is the antioxidant activity data analysis of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives in recent literature. Based on the results of the research, conclusions will be drawn regarding the prospects for further work in the search for potent synthetic antioxidants. Materials and methods. The data search was conducted using scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar). The material for the study consisted of publications reporting new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives exhibiting antioxidant activity. The study employed methods of information search, analytical, descriptive and generalization techniques. Results. In the analysis of scientific literature 1,2,4-triazole derivatives with antioxidant activity were characterized. To determine the prospects for developing new potentially effective drugs based on 1,2,4-triazole with clearly directed antioxidant action, scientists are conducting in vitro and in silico studies. Synthesized 1,2,4-triazole derivatives could serve as a foundation for new drugs aimed at preventing or treating cancer, heart diseases, as neuroprotective agents, and for slowing down the aging process, due to their antioxidant properties. Based on the study of available information, it was established that the Ukrainian market is insufficiently saturated with domestically produced 1,2,4-triazole-containing drugs exhibiting antioxidant properties. Conclusions. The literature review of the antioxidant activity of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives revealed that chemical modification of the triazole fragment at various positions and with different pharmacophores significantly enhances antioxidant activity. The obtained data clearly correlate with the results of computer-based drug prediction (in silico) and in vitro studies. Analysis of the results demonstrates the potential for further investigation of the antioxidant properties of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives to develop original and effective antioxidant drugs.

Keywords

• 1
• 2
• 4-triazoles
• derivatives
• antioxidant effects
• analysis
• in silico