Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Investigation on Two Different Seaweeds Under Arsenic Exposure
Yuan-sheng Guo,
Shuo Gong,
Si-min Xie,
An-zhen Chen,
Hong-yu Jin,
Jing Liu,
Qi Wang,
Shuai Kang,
Ping Li,
Feng Wei,
Tian-tian Zuo,
Shuang-cheng Ma
Affiliations
Yuan-sheng Guo
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Shuo Gong
School of Integrative Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
Si-min Xie
Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Patent Medicine, National Medical Products Administration, Guangzhou 510160, China
An-zhen Chen
Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Marine Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266073, China
Hong-yu Jin
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Jing Liu
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Qi Wang
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Shuai Kang
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Ping Li
School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
Feng Wei
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Tian-tian Zuo
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Shuang-cheng Ma
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, Beijing 100050, China
Arsenic is a common toxic heavy metal contaminant that is widely present in the ocean, and seaweeds have a strong ability to concentrate arsenic, posing a potential risk to human health. This study first analyzed the arsenic content in two different seaweeds and then used an innovative method to categorize the seaweeds into low-arsenic and high-arsenic groups based on their arsenic exposure levels. Finally, a non-targeted metabolomic analysis based on mass spectrometry was conducted on seaweed from different arsenic exposure groups. The results indicated that as the arsenic concentration increased in the seaweeds, linolenic acid, tyrosine, pheophorbide a, riboflavin, and phenylalanine were upregulated, while arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), betaine, and oleamide were downregulated. The following four key metabolic pathways involving unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids were identified: isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and riboflavin metabolism. The identification of biomarkers and the characterization of key metabolic pathways will aid in the selection and breeding of low-arsenic-accumulating seaweed varieties, providing insights into the metabolic and detoxification mechanisms of arsenic in seaweeds.
